PALS 2021
A 6 month old infant is unresponsive. You begin checking for breathing at the same time you check
for the infants pulse. Which is the maximum time you should spend when trying to simultaneously
check for breathing and palpate the infants pulse before starting CPR?
ANSWER 10 seconds
A 4 year old child is brought to the emergency department for seizures. The seizures stopped a few
minutes ago, but the child continues to have slow and irregular respirations. Which condition is most
consistent with your assessment?
ANSWER Disordered Control of Breathing
An 8 year old child is brought to the emergency department with a 2 day history of lethargy and
polyuria. The child has new onset rapid, deep, and labored breathing. Which diagnostic test should
you order first?
ANSWER blood glucose
After rectal administration of diazepam, an 8 year old boy with a history of seizures is no
unresponsive to painful stimuli. His respirations are shallow, at a rate of 10/min. His Oxygen
saturation is 94% on 2L of NC oxygen. On examination, the child is snoring with poor chest rise and
poor air entry bilaterally. What action should you take next?
ANSWER Reposition the patient, and insert an oral airway
After rectal administration of diazepam, an 8 year old boy with a history of seizures is no
unresponsive to painful stimuli. His respirations are shallow, at a rate of 10/min. His Oxygen
saturation is 94% on 2L of NC oxygen. On examination, the child is snoring with poor chest rise and
poor air entry bilaterally. After repositioning the patient and you insert an Oral airway, the patient
continues to deteriorate. What next step is the most appropriate?
ANSWER Provide bag mask ventilation
A 6 year old child is found unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. one health care worker
leaves to activate the emergency response system and get the resuscitation equipment. You and
another healthcare provider immediatly begin CPR. Which compression to ventilation ratio do you
use?
ANSWER 15:2
In post resuscitation management after cardiac arrest, extra care should be taken to avoid
repercussion injury. what should the ideal oxygen saturation range most likely be?
, ANSWER 94%-99%
A 3 year old child is in cardiac arrest, and high quality CPR is in progress. You are the team leader. The
first rhythm check reveals the rhythm shown here. Defibrillation is attempted with a shock dose of 2
J/kg. after administration of the shock, what should you say to you team members?
ANSWER "resume compressions"
A 4 year old child in cardiac arrest is brought to the emergency department by ambulance. High
quality CPR is being performed. The cardiac monitor displays the rhythm strip shown here. The
estimated weight of the child is 20 kg. What dose range should you use for the initial defibrillation?
ANSWER 2-4 J/kg
A 4 year old child in cardiac arrest is brought to the emergency department by ambulance. High
quality CPR is being performed. The cardiac monitor displays the rhythm strip shown here. The
estimated weight of the child is 20 kg. As the team leader, how many joules do you tell your team
member to use to perform initial Defib?
ANSWER 40 Joules
You are the team leader during a pediatric resuscitation attempt. which action is an element of high
quality CPR?
ANSWER Allowing complete chest wall recoil after each compression
You are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of fever, vomiting and diarrhea. His parents
state that he has been sleeping much more. His HR is 190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood
pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is 70/min and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen.
His capillary refills time is 4-5 seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg.
Which assessment finding indicates that the infant is in hypotensive shock?
ANSWER blood pressure
You are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of fever, vomiting and diarrhea. His parents
state that he has been sleeping much more. His HR is 190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood
pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is 70/min and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen.
His capillary refills time is 4-5 seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg.
On the basis of this infants presentation, which type of shock does this infant have?
ANSWER hypovolemic shock
A 6 month old infant is unresponsive. You begin checking for breathing at the same time you check
for the infants pulse. Which is the maximum time you should spend when trying to simultaneously
check for breathing and palpate the infants pulse before starting CPR?
ANSWER 10 seconds
A 4 year old child is brought to the emergency department for seizures. The seizures stopped a few
minutes ago, but the child continues to have slow and irregular respirations. Which condition is most
consistent with your assessment?
ANSWER Disordered Control of Breathing
An 8 year old child is brought to the emergency department with a 2 day history of lethargy and
polyuria. The child has new onset rapid, deep, and labored breathing. Which diagnostic test should
you order first?
ANSWER blood glucose
After rectal administration of diazepam, an 8 year old boy with a history of seizures is no
unresponsive to painful stimuli. His respirations are shallow, at a rate of 10/min. His Oxygen
saturation is 94% on 2L of NC oxygen. On examination, the child is snoring with poor chest rise and
poor air entry bilaterally. What action should you take next?
ANSWER Reposition the patient, and insert an oral airway
After rectal administration of diazepam, an 8 year old boy with a history of seizures is no
unresponsive to painful stimuli. His respirations are shallow, at a rate of 10/min. His Oxygen
saturation is 94% on 2L of NC oxygen. On examination, the child is snoring with poor chest rise and
poor air entry bilaterally. After repositioning the patient and you insert an Oral airway, the patient
continues to deteriorate. What next step is the most appropriate?
ANSWER Provide bag mask ventilation
A 6 year old child is found unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. one health care worker
leaves to activate the emergency response system and get the resuscitation equipment. You and
another healthcare provider immediatly begin CPR. Which compression to ventilation ratio do you
use?
ANSWER 15:2
In post resuscitation management after cardiac arrest, extra care should be taken to avoid
repercussion injury. what should the ideal oxygen saturation range most likely be?
, ANSWER 94%-99%
A 3 year old child is in cardiac arrest, and high quality CPR is in progress. You are the team leader. The
first rhythm check reveals the rhythm shown here. Defibrillation is attempted with a shock dose of 2
J/kg. after administration of the shock, what should you say to you team members?
ANSWER "resume compressions"
A 4 year old child in cardiac arrest is brought to the emergency department by ambulance. High
quality CPR is being performed. The cardiac monitor displays the rhythm strip shown here. The
estimated weight of the child is 20 kg. What dose range should you use for the initial defibrillation?
ANSWER 2-4 J/kg
A 4 year old child in cardiac arrest is brought to the emergency department by ambulance. High
quality CPR is being performed. The cardiac monitor displays the rhythm strip shown here. The
estimated weight of the child is 20 kg. As the team leader, how many joules do you tell your team
member to use to perform initial Defib?
ANSWER 40 Joules
You are the team leader during a pediatric resuscitation attempt. which action is an element of high
quality CPR?
ANSWER Allowing complete chest wall recoil after each compression
You are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of fever, vomiting and diarrhea. His parents
state that he has been sleeping much more. His HR is 190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood
pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is 70/min and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen.
His capillary refills time is 4-5 seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg.
Which assessment finding indicates that the infant is in hypotensive shock?
ANSWER blood pressure
You are caring for a 3 month old boy with a 2 day history of fever, vomiting and diarrhea. His parents
state that he has been sleeping much more. His HR is 190/min, temp is 38.3 degrees C (101 F) blood
pressure is 59/29 mmHg, Resp rate is 70/min and shallow, and oxygen sat is 94% on 100% oxygen.
His capillary refills time is 4-5 seconds, and he has mottled, cool extremities. The infant weighs 6 Kg.
On the basis of this infants presentation, which type of shock does this infant have?
ANSWER hypovolemic shock
