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MULTIPLErhCHOICE.r h Chooserh therh onerh alternativerh thatrh bestrh completesrh therh statementrh orrh answersrh therh question.
1) Arhsubstancerhwithrhspecificrhpropertiesrhthatrhcannotrhberhbrokenrhdownrhorrhconvertedrhintorhanotherrhsu
bstancerhisrhcalledrha(n)
A) molecule.
B) compound.
C) mixture.
D) ion.
E) element.
rhAnswer:r h E
2) Ifrhyourhexaminedrhtherhhumanrhbodyrhonrharhchemicalrhcompositionrhbasis,rhwhichrhofrhtherhfollowingr
hcombinationsrhofrhelementsrhwouldrhberhmostrhcommon?
A) O,rhC,rhH,rhN
B) O,rhC,rhN,rhNa
C) C,rhH,rhCa,rhCl
D) C,rhN,rhCa,rhS
E) O,rhC,rhP,rhS
Answer:r h A
3) Therhatomicrh numberrh ofrhanrhatomrh isrhdefinedrhasrh the
A) totalrh numberrhofrhelectronsrhandrhneutrons.
B) totalrh numberrhofrhenergyrhshells.
C) numberrhofrh protonsrh inrhtherhatomicrh nucleus.
D) numberrh ofrhneutronsrhinrh therh atomicrh nucleus.
E) numberrhofrhelectronsrhinrhtherhoutermostrhenerg
yrhlevel.rhAnswer:r h C
4) Phosphorusrhhasrhanrhatomicrh numberrhofrh15,rhsorhwhatrhisrhtherhdistributionrhofrh itsrhelectrons?
A) Therhfirst,rh second,rhandrhthirdrhenergyrhlevelsrh haverh 5rh electronsrheach.
B) Therhfirstrh energyrhlevelrh hasrh8rh andrhtherhsecondrhhasrh7.
C) Therhfirstrhenergyrhlevelrh hasrh2,rhtherhsecondrhhasrh8,rh andrhtherhthirdrhhasrh5.
D) Therhfirstrh energyrhlevelrh hasrh2rh andrhtherhsecondrhhasrh13.
E) Therhelectronrharrangementrhcannotrhberhdeterminedrhfromrhtherhatomicrhnum
berrhalone.rhAnswer:r h C
5) Whichrh fourrh elementsrh makerh uprh approximatelyrh 96%rh ofrh livingrh matter?
A) Carbon,rh hydrogen,rh nitrogen,rh oxygen
B) Carbon,rh oxygen,rh calcium,rh sulfur
C) Carbon,rh sodium,rh chlorine,rh magnesium
D) Carbon,rh phosphorus,rh hydrogen,rh sulfur
E) Oxygen,rhhydrogen,rhcalcium,rhsodi
umrhAnswer:r h A
6) Imaginerhthatrhyourhhaverhbeenrhhiredrhasrharhchemistrhandrhyourrhfirstrhtaskrhisrhtorhexaminerharhnewlyrh
discoveredrhatom.rhTherhpaperworkrhyourharerhgivenrhstatesrhthatrhitsrhatomicrhnumberrhisrh110.rhWhatrhd
oesrhthisrhmean?
A) Therhatomrh containsrh55rh protonsrhandrh55rh neutrons.
B) Therhatomrh containsrh55rh electrons.
C) Therhatomrh isrhanrhisotope.
D) Therhatomrhcontainsrh110rhpro
tons.rhAnswer:r h D
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7) Ironrhisrhanrhimportantrhelementrhinrhhumanrhbodyrhcells.rhIfrhironrhhasrhanrhatomicrhnumberrhofrh26,rhw
hatrhdoesrhthisrhtellrhyourhaboutrhthisrhelement?
A) Anrhironrhatomrh hasrh26rh protons.
B) Anrhironrhatomrh isrh unablerh torhbecomerhanrh isotope.
C) Anrhironrhatomrh hasrh13rh electronsrhandrh13rh protons.
D) Anrhironrhatomrhhasrh13rhprotonsrhandrh13rh
neutrons.rhAnswer:r h A
8) Carbon-14rhisrhoftenrhusedrhforrhcarbonrhdating,rhwhererhscientistsrhmeasurerhtherhraterhofrhcarbon-
14rhdecayrhtorhdeterminerhtherhagerhofrhitems.rhCarbon-
14rhcontainsrhsixrhprotonsrhandrheightrhneutrons.rhDuringrhtherhprocessrhofrhcarbon-
14rhdecay,r h onerhofrhitsrheightrhneutronsrhbecomesrharhprotonrhandrhanrhelectronrhisrhemitted.rhWhichrhofr
htherhfollowingrhisrhtherhbestrhexplanationrhofrhwhatrhhasrhoccurred?
A) Therh resultingrh atomrh isrh stillrh carbon-14.
B) Therhresultingrhatomrh hasrh arh morerh stablerh nucleus.
C) Anrhionicrhbondrhhasrhformed.
D) Therhresultingrhatomrhisrhnowrharhdifferentrhelementrhbecauserhtherhnumberrhofrhprotons
rhhasrhchanged.rhAnswer:r h D
9) Radioactiverh isotopesrharerh biologicalrh toolsrhthatrharerhoftenrhusedrhto
A) detectrhbrainrh tumorsrhandrh otherrh importantrh medicalrh technologies.
B) buildrhuprharhstorerh ofrhcalciumrhinrharh cell.
C) increaserhtherhpHrhofrh blood.
D) measurerhtherhsizerhofrhfo
ssils.rhAnswer:r h A
10) Forrh anrh atomrh torh achieverh maximumrh stabilityrh andrh becomerh chemicallyrh inert,rh whatrh mustrh occur?
A) Ionizationrh occurs.
B) Itsrhoutermostrh energyrhshellrh mustrh berhcompletelyrhfilledrhwithrhelectrons.
C) Electronrh pairsrh arerh shared.
D) Therhnumberrhofrhelectronsrhmustrhequalrhtherhnumberrho
frhprotons.rhAnswer:r h B
11) Anrh atom'srh nucleusrh isrh composedrh of
A) neutronsrhandrh electrons.
B) protonsrhonly.
C) protonsrhandrhelectrons.
D) protonsrhandrhneutrons.
E) neutronsrh onl
y.
Answer:r h D
12) Therh formationrh ofrh ionsrh involvesrh the
A) sharingrhofrh protons.
B) gainrhorrhlossrhofrhprotons.
C) sharingrhofrhelectrons.
D) gainrhorrhlossrhofrhneutrons.
E) gainrhorrhlossrhofrhelect
rons.rhAnswer:r h E
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13) Ifrharh certainrhatomrh hasrharh tendencyrhtorhloserh tworhelectrons,rhthatrhatomrhcanrhthenrhbecomerha(n)
A) polarrh molecule.
B) ion.
C) isotope.
D) waterrh molecul
e.
Answer:r h B
14) Therhformationrhofrhsodiumrh chloriderh (NaCl)rh isrhtherhresultrhof
A) attractionrh betweenrh oppositerh charges.
B) chemicalrh unreactivity.
C) covalentrh bonding.
D) repellingrhbetweenrhtherhsamerhcha
rges.rhAnswer:r h A
15) Atomsrhorrh moleculesrhthatrhhaverh gainedrhorrh lostrhelectronsrharerhcalled
A) bases.
B) ions.
C) acids.
D) buffers.
E) covalent.
rhAnswer:r h B
16) Mostrh biologicalrh moleculesrh arerh joinedrh by
A) ionicrh bonds.
B) peptiderh bonds.
C) covalentrh bonds.
D) hydrogenrh bonds.
E) disulfiderhbond
s.rhAnswer:r h C
17) Sulfurrhisrhanrhessentialrhelementrhinrhtherhhumanrhbody,rhandrhstudyingrhitsrhcharacteristicsrhisrhimportantrh
inrhunderstandingrhhumanrhphysiology.rhSulfurrhatomsrhhaverhsixrhelectronsrhinrhtheirrhouterrhshell.rhBasedrh
onrhthisrhinformation,rhwhichrhofrhtherhfollowingrhisrhTRUE?
A) Sulfurrh hasrheightrhelectronsrhinrhitsrhouterrhshell.
B) Sulfurrh isrh inert.
C) Sulfurrh isrhanrh importantrhisotoperhofrhhydrogen.
D) Sulfurrhcanrhformrhimportantrhmoleculesrhusingrhcovalentr
hbonds.rhAnswer:r h D
18) Freerhradicalsrhcontainrhunpairedrhelectronsrhinrhtheirrhoutermostrhenergyrhshell,rhsorhtheyrhreactrhreadilyrh
withrhotherrhatomsr h orrhmoleculesrhtorhreachrharhmorerhstablerhstate.rhWhichrhofrhtherhfollowingrhcouldrhp
otentiallyrhberharhfreerhradical?
A) Heliumrh (atomicrh numberrh 2)
B) Magnesiumrh (atomicrh numberrh 12)
C) Neonrh (atomicrh numberrh 10)
D) Fluorinerh(atomicrhnumber
rh9)rhAnswer:r h D
3
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hrhEditionrhAudesirk
MULTIPLErhCHOICE.r h Chooserh therh onerh alternativerh thatrh bestrh completesrh therh statementrh orrh answersrh therh question.
1) Arhsubstancerhwithrhspecificrhpropertiesrhthatrhcannotrhberhbrokenrhdownrhorrhconvertedrhintorhanotherrhsu
bstancerhisrhcalledrha(n)
A) molecule.
B) compound.
C) mixture.
D) ion.
E) element.
rhAnswer:r h E
2) Ifrhyourhexaminedrhtherhhumanrhbodyrhonrharhchemicalrhcompositionrhbasis,rhwhichrhofrhtherhfollowingr
hcombinationsrhofrhelementsrhwouldrhberhmostrhcommon?
A) O,rhC,rhH,rhN
B) O,rhC,rhN,rhNa
C) C,rhH,rhCa,rhCl
D) C,rhN,rhCa,rhS
E) O,rhC,rhP,rhS
Answer:r h A
3) Therhatomicrh numberrh ofrhanrhatomrh isrhdefinedrhasrh the
A) totalrh numberrhofrhelectronsrhandrhneutrons.
B) totalrh numberrhofrhenergyrhshells.
C) numberrhofrh protonsrh inrhtherhatomicrh nucleus.
D) numberrh ofrhneutronsrhinrh therh atomicrh nucleus.
E) numberrhofrhelectronsrhinrhtherhoutermostrhenerg
yrhlevel.rhAnswer:r h C
4) Phosphorusrhhasrhanrhatomicrh numberrhofrh15,rhsorhwhatrhisrhtherhdistributionrhofrh itsrhelectrons?
A) Therhfirst,rh second,rhandrhthirdrhenergyrhlevelsrh haverh 5rh electronsrheach.
B) Therhfirstrh energyrhlevelrh hasrh8rh andrhtherhsecondrhhasrh7.
C) Therhfirstrhenergyrhlevelrh hasrh2,rhtherhsecondrhhasrh8,rh andrhtherhthirdrhhasrh5.
D) Therhfirstrh energyrhlevelrh hasrh2rh andrhtherhsecondrhhasrh13.
E) Therhelectronrharrangementrhcannotrhberhdeterminedrhfromrhtherhatomicrhnum
berrhalone.rhAnswer:r h C
5) Whichrh fourrh elementsrh makerh uprh approximatelyrh 96%rh ofrh livingrh matter?
A) Carbon,rh hydrogen,rh nitrogen,rh oxygen
B) Carbon,rh oxygen,rh calcium,rh sulfur
C) Carbon,rh sodium,rh chlorine,rh magnesium
D) Carbon,rh phosphorus,rh hydrogen,rh sulfur
E) Oxygen,rhhydrogen,rhcalcium,rhsodi
umrhAnswer:r h A
6) Imaginerhthatrhyourhhaverhbeenrhhiredrhasrharhchemistrhandrhyourrhfirstrhtaskrhisrhtorhexaminerharhnewlyrh
discoveredrhatom.rhTherhpaperworkrhyourharerhgivenrhstatesrhthatrhitsrhatomicrhnumberrhisrh110.rhWhatrhd
oesrhthisrhmean?
A) Therhatomrh containsrh55rh protonsrhandrh55rh neutrons.
B) Therhatomrh containsrh55rh electrons.
C) Therhatomrh isrhanrhisotope.
D) Therhatomrhcontainsrh110rhpro
tons.rhAnswer:r h D
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7) Ironrhisrhanrhimportantrhelementrhinrhhumanrhbodyrhcells.rhIfrhironrhhasrhanrhatomicrhnumberrhofrh26,rhw
hatrhdoesrhthisrhtellrhyourhaboutrhthisrhelement?
A) Anrhironrhatomrh hasrh26rh protons.
B) Anrhironrhatomrh isrh unablerh torhbecomerhanrh isotope.
C) Anrhironrhatomrh hasrh13rh electronsrhandrh13rh protons.
D) Anrhironrhatomrhhasrh13rhprotonsrhandrh13rh
neutrons.rhAnswer:r h A
8) Carbon-14rhisrhoftenrhusedrhforrhcarbonrhdating,rhwhererhscientistsrhmeasurerhtherhraterhofrhcarbon-
14rhdecayrhtorhdeterminerhtherhagerhofrhitems.rhCarbon-
14rhcontainsrhsixrhprotonsrhandrheightrhneutrons.rhDuringrhtherhprocessrhofrhcarbon-
14rhdecay,r h onerhofrhitsrheightrhneutronsrhbecomesrharhprotonrhandrhanrhelectronrhisrhemitted.rhWhichrhofr
htherhfollowingrhisrhtherhbestrhexplanationrhofrhwhatrhhasrhoccurred?
A) Therh resultingrh atomrh isrh stillrh carbon-14.
B) Therhresultingrhatomrh hasrh arh morerh stablerh nucleus.
C) Anrhionicrhbondrhhasrhformed.
D) Therhresultingrhatomrhisrhnowrharhdifferentrhelementrhbecauserhtherhnumberrhofrhprotons
rhhasrhchanged.rhAnswer:r h D
9) Radioactiverh isotopesrharerh biologicalrh toolsrhthatrharerhoftenrhusedrhto
A) detectrhbrainrh tumorsrhandrh otherrh importantrh medicalrh technologies.
B) buildrhuprharhstorerh ofrhcalciumrhinrharh cell.
C) increaserhtherhpHrhofrh blood.
D) measurerhtherhsizerhofrhfo
ssils.rhAnswer:r h A
10) Forrh anrh atomrh torh achieverh maximumrh stabilityrh andrh becomerh chemicallyrh inert,rh whatrh mustrh occur?
A) Ionizationrh occurs.
B) Itsrhoutermostrh energyrhshellrh mustrh berhcompletelyrhfilledrhwithrhelectrons.
C) Electronrh pairsrh arerh shared.
D) Therhnumberrhofrhelectronsrhmustrhequalrhtherhnumberrho
frhprotons.rhAnswer:r h B
11) Anrh atom'srh nucleusrh isrh composedrh of
A) neutronsrhandrh electrons.
B) protonsrhonly.
C) protonsrhandrhelectrons.
D) protonsrhandrhneutrons.
E) neutronsrh onl
y.
Answer:r h D
12) Therh formationrh ofrh ionsrh involvesrh the
A) sharingrhofrh protons.
B) gainrhorrhlossrhofrhprotons.
C) sharingrhofrhelectrons.
D) gainrhorrhlossrhofrhneutrons.
E) gainrhorrhlossrhofrhelect
rons.rhAnswer:r h E
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13) Ifrharh certainrhatomrh hasrharh tendencyrhtorhloserh tworhelectrons,rhthatrhatomrhcanrhthenrhbecomerha(n)
A) polarrh molecule.
B) ion.
C) isotope.
D) waterrh molecul
e.
Answer:r h B
14) Therhformationrhofrhsodiumrh chloriderh (NaCl)rh isrhtherhresultrhof
A) attractionrh betweenrh oppositerh charges.
B) chemicalrh unreactivity.
C) covalentrh bonding.
D) repellingrhbetweenrhtherhsamerhcha
rges.rhAnswer:r h A
15) Atomsrhorrh moleculesrhthatrhhaverh gainedrhorrh lostrhelectronsrharerhcalled
A) bases.
B) ions.
C) acids.
D) buffers.
E) covalent.
rhAnswer:r h B
16) Mostrh biologicalrh moleculesrh arerh joinedrh by
A) ionicrh bonds.
B) peptiderh bonds.
C) covalentrh bonds.
D) hydrogenrh bonds.
E) disulfiderhbond
s.rhAnswer:r h C
17) Sulfurrhisrhanrhessentialrhelementrhinrhtherhhumanrhbody,rhandrhstudyingrhitsrhcharacteristicsrhisrhimportantrh
inrhunderstandingrhhumanrhphysiology.rhSulfurrhatomsrhhaverhsixrhelectronsrhinrhtheirrhouterrhshell.rhBasedrh
onrhthisrhinformation,rhwhichrhofrhtherhfollowingrhisrhTRUE?
A) Sulfurrh hasrheightrhelectronsrhinrhitsrhouterrhshell.
B) Sulfurrh isrh inert.
C) Sulfurrh isrhanrh importantrhisotoperhofrhhydrogen.
D) Sulfurrhcanrhformrhimportantrhmoleculesrhusingrhcovalentr
hbonds.rhAnswer:r h D
18) Freerhradicalsrhcontainrhunpairedrhelectronsrhinrhtheirrhoutermostrhenergyrhshell,rhsorhtheyrhreactrhreadilyrh
withrhotherrhatomsr h orrhmoleculesrhtorhreachrharhmorerhstablerhstate.rhWhichrhofrhtherhfollowingrhcouldrhp
otentiallyrhberharhfreerhradical?
A) Heliumrh (atomicrh numberrh 2)
B) Magnesiumrh (atomicrh numberrh 12)
C) Neonrh (atomicrh numberrh 10)
D) Fluorinerh(atomicrhnumber
rh9)rhAnswer:r h D
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