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ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY UTMB 5355 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

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ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY UTMB 5355 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS

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hypermetabolic states


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sickle cell crisis can be prevented by avoiding




mismatched blood transfusions, allergic reactions against drugs

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Examples of acquired hemolytic anemias




erythropoietin and Hgb catabolites resulting in = unconjugated bilirubin


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There is an excess of __ in hemolytic anemia




develops in the duct and appears as calcification or white flecks on mammogram


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Ductal Carcinoma in situ




Oncogenes


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If proto-oncogenes are mutated the become -




average volume of red cells in a specimen. MCV is elevated or decreased in
accordance to average red cell size


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, MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)




adenocarcinoma


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Most common type of colon cancer




unusual but aggressive, breast swelling, redness, warmth produced by blockage of
lymphatic channels. often confused with mastitis until antibiotic fails


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inflammatory breast cancer




growth of new vessels; feed tumor


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angiogenesis




not used to diagnose, but can be useful in surveillance of cancers or after cancer
treatments, elevated in some cancers


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, tumor markers




pro-inflammatory, may be related to carcinogenesis


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tumor necrosis factor is _ cytokine




toxic exposures, viral infections, inherited diseases (fanconi anemia) and idiopathic
cases which account for most cases (autoimmune)


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Causes of aplastic anemia include:




benign adenomatous polyps, familial history is associated with high risk of colon
cancer development


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Most colon cancers start as




normal size RBC


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