BIO 669 Patho - Quiz 6 Renal Questions With
Complete Solutions
____________ starts process with filtration (pressure
of fluid against membrane/forcing fluid against it
and separating substances from fluid based on
size). Correct Answers glomerulus
____________________ does not measure pressure
and is located in distal con tubule. Correct
Answers Macula densa.
_________________________ helps set up peristalsis
Correct Answers smooth muscle.
has electrical connections one to another, when
contract one area, passes as wave down ureter to
create peristaltic activity to move urine down to
bladder.
. If backflow in ureters and blockages, will back
pressure up and lead to Correct Answers
hydronephrosis
. If change in oncotic pressure in capillary, will
affect Correct Answers overall filtration as well
2 important components of the bladder Correct
Answers 1. destrusor muscle - within walls of
bladder.
,2. trigone - smooth area b/t 2 exiting hole of
ureters and entrance of urethra. Different
embryological tissue.
3 components that control renal blood flow Correct
Answers controlled by autoregulation, neural
controls and hormones.
act of peeing Correct Answers micturition
Afferent arteriole has the _____________________
which are important for secreting renin (significant
effects on BP and heart). Correct Answers
juxtaglomerular cells
age and renal fxn Correct Answers Decrease in
renal blood flow and GFR. Altered sodium and
water balance
Number of nephrons decrease due to renal
vascular and perfusion changes, or nephron itself,
or glomerular membrane (immune complex
damage, fibrosis, drug toxicity leading to
microemboli).
Response to acid-base changes delayed
Increased risk for drug toxicity
,Alterations in thirst and water intake
AII effects: Correct Answers 1. adrenal cortex to
release aldosterone. sodium retention
2. pituitary to release ADH. fluid retention.
3. thirst - increased blood volume.
4. systemic vasoconstriction.
5. cardiac and vascular hypertrophy.
Also eliminate H+ by Correct Answers pumping
them into urine and combining it with ammonia to
form ammonium. Pee this out. Both ways although
eliminate H+, retain bicarb. Overall effect of raising
pH and dropping H+
amount nephrons per kidney: Correct Answers 1.2
million
another term for jux cells: Correct Answers
granular cells.
Anything that affects pressure within _____________-
or ______________ can affect filtration Correct
Answers bowman's capsule or nephrons
, Anything that exits out of the glomerulus, will be
captured in Correct Answers Bowman's space and
this is drained by the proximal con tubule.
Approx. ______% of the plasma that goes through
glomerulus will be filtered out of the vessel.
Correct Answers 20%.
Gets collected in Bowman's capsule/space.
As fluid exits glomerulus and makes way through
proximal con tubule, secretion of these can occur?
Correct Answers paraaminohipuric acid.
Is secreted and will be removed from blood from
secretion from efferent arterioles and from
paratubular capillaries.
Can eliminate all PAH through filtration and
secretion in one pass.
As fluid makes way out of glomerulus in proximal
con tubule = plasma minus the large proteins
(_______________ mixture). Correct Answers
isotonic
As further down collecting duct into medulla,
becomes Correct Answers saltier and more water
is pulled out.
Complete Solutions
____________ starts process with filtration (pressure
of fluid against membrane/forcing fluid against it
and separating substances from fluid based on
size). Correct Answers glomerulus
____________________ does not measure pressure
and is located in distal con tubule. Correct
Answers Macula densa.
_________________________ helps set up peristalsis
Correct Answers smooth muscle.
has electrical connections one to another, when
contract one area, passes as wave down ureter to
create peristaltic activity to move urine down to
bladder.
. If backflow in ureters and blockages, will back
pressure up and lead to Correct Answers
hydronephrosis
. If change in oncotic pressure in capillary, will
affect Correct Answers overall filtration as well
2 important components of the bladder Correct
Answers 1. destrusor muscle - within walls of
bladder.
,2. trigone - smooth area b/t 2 exiting hole of
ureters and entrance of urethra. Different
embryological tissue.
3 components that control renal blood flow Correct
Answers controlled by autoregulation, neural
controls and hormones.
act of peeing Correct Answers micturition
Afferent arteriole has the _____________________
which are important for secreting renin (significant
effects on BP and heart). Correct Answers
juxtaglomerular cells
age and renal fxn Correct Answers Decrease in
renal blood flow and GFR. Altered sodium and
water balance
Number of nephrons decrease due to renal
vascular and perfusion changes, or nephron itself,
or glomerular membrane (immune complex
damage, fibrosis, drug toxicity leading to
microemboli).
Response to acid-base changes delayed
Increased risk for drug toxicity
,Alterations in thirst and water intake
AII effects: Correct Answers 1. adrenal cortex to
release aldosterone. sodium retention
2. pituitary to release ADH. fluid retention.
3. thirst - increased blood volume.
4. systemic vasoconstriction.
5. cardiac and vascular hypertrophy.
Also eliminate H+ by Correct Answers pumping
them into urine and combining it with ammonia to
form ammonium. Pee this out. Both ways although
eliminate H+, retain bicarb. Overall effect of raising
pH and dropping H+
amount nephrons per kidney: Correct Answers 1.2
million
another term for jux cells: Correct Answers
granular cells.
Anything that affects pressure within _____________-
or ______________ can affect filtration Correct
Answers bowman's capsule or nephrons
, Anything that exits out of the glomerulus, will be
captured in Correct Answers Bowman's space and
this is drained by the proximal con tubule.
Approx. ______% of the plasma that goes through
glomerulus will be filtered out of the vessel.
Correct Answers 20%.
Gets collected in Bowman's capsule/space.
As fluid exits glomerulus and makes way through
proximal con tubule, secretion of these can occur?
Correct Answers paraaminohipuric acid.
Is secreted and will be removed from blood from
secretion from efferent arterioles and from
paratubular capillaries.
Can eliminate all PAH through filtration and
secretion in one pass.
As fluid makes way out of glomerulus in proximal
con tubule = plasma minus the large proteins
(_______________ mixture). Correct Answers
isotonic
As further down collecting duct into medulla,
becomes Correct Answers saltier and more water
is pulled out.
