APHY 101 MIDTERM (MODULES1-5) QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS IVY TECH
COMMUNITY COLLEGE INDIANAPOLIS
What is the basic unit of structure and function in the human body? - (ANSWER) The cell
Define differentiated - (ANSWER) Differentiated refers to_&*
the process by which a cell
becomes specialized to perform a specific function +_%
@#$%^&*(o(*&^%$
^&*(
)
Explain how cells differ from one another - (ANSWER) Cells differ in size shape and
function based on their specialized roles such as nerve cells for transmitting signals and
muscle cells for contraction
Name and describe the three major parts of every cell - (ANSWER)Cell Membrane The
outer boundary that controls what enters and leaves the cell Cytoplasm The gel-like
substance inside the cell containing organelles Nucleus The control center containing DNA
Define organelle - (ANSWER) Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that
perform distinct processes necessary for cellular function
List functions of the cell membrane What does "selectively permeable" mean What is the
cell membrane made of - (ANSWER)Functions Protects the cell controls movement of
substances and facilitates communication with other cells Selectively Permeable Allows
certain molecules to pass through while blocking others Composition Primarily made of a
lipid bilayer with embedded proteins
Explain the major classes of biomolecules found in the plasma/cell membrane and
describe their functions - (ANSWER)Lipids Phospholipids Form the bilayer providing
structure and barrier Proteins Transport molecules act as receptors and facilitate cell
recognition Carbohydrates Attached to proteins and lipids they function in cell recognition
and adhesion
Explain the function of ribosomes and where they would be found - (ANSWER)Function
Protein synthesis Location Free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic
reticulum
, APHY 101 MIDTERM (MODULES1-5) QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS IVY TECH
COMMUNITY COLLEGE INDIANAPOLIS
Explain the two types of endoplasmic reticulum and their functions - (ANSWER)Rough ER
Studded with ribosomes involved in protein synthesis and processing Smooth ER Lacks
_&*
ribosomes involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification
+_%
@#$%^&*(o(*&^%$
^&*(
)
Explain the functions of the Golgi apparatus and its structure - (ANSWER)Function Modifies
sorts and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport Structure Stacks of flattened
membranous sacs
Explain the functions of the mitochondria and their structure Know that ATP is an organic
molecule that transfers energy and is used in cellular processes - (ANSWER)Function
Produce ATP through cellular respiration Structure Double membrane with inner folds
cristae to increase surface area
Module 1 Chapter 3 Cells - (ANSWER)
What is the basic unit of structure and function in the human body - (ANSWER)ANSWER
The cell
Briefly explain functions of lysosomes peroxisomes microfilaments microtubules
intermediate filaments centrioles cilia flagella microvilli and inclusions -
(ANSWER)Lysosomes Digestive enzymes for waste processing Peroxisomes Break down
fatty acids and detoxify Microfilaments Provide structural support and movement
Microtubules Maintain cell shape transport organelles Intermediate Filaments Provide
tensile strength Centrioles Organize cell division Cilia Move fluid across cell surface
Flagella Enable cell movement Microvilli Increase surface area for absorption Inclusions
Stored nutrients or pigments
Explain the function of the nucleus - (ANSWER)ANSWER Houses DNA and controls cellular
activities
COMMUNITY COLLEGE INDIANAPOLIS
What is the basic unit of structure and function in the human body? - (ANSWER) The cell
Define differentiated - (ANSWER) Differentiated refers to_&*
the process by which a cell
becomes specialized to perform a specific function +_%
@#$%^&*(o(*&^%$
^&*(
)
Explain how cells differ from one another - (ANSWER) Cells differ in size shape and
function based on their specialized roles such as nerve cells for transmitting signals and
muscle cells for contraction
Name and describe the three major parts of every cell - (ANSWER)Cell Membrane The
outer boundary that controls what enters and leaves the cell Cytoplasm The gel-like
substance inside the cell containing organelles Nucleus The control center containing DNA
Define organelle - (ANSWER) Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that
perform distinct processes necessary for cellular function
List functions of the cell membrane What does "selectively permeable" mean What is the
cell membrane made of - (ANSWER)Functions Protects the cell controls movement of
substances and facilitates communication with other cells Selectively Permeable Allows
certain molecules to pass through while blocking others Composition Primarily made of a
lipid bilayer with embedded proteins
Explain the major classes of biomolecules found in the plasma/cell membrane and
describe their functions - (ANSWER)Lipids Phospholipids Form the bilayer providing
structure and barrier Proteins Transport molecules act as receptors and facilitate cell
recognition Carbohydrates Attached to proteins and lipids they function in cell recognition
and adhesion
Explain the function of ribosomes and where they would be found - (ANSWER)Function
Protein synthesis Location Free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic
reticulum
, APHY 101 MIDTERM (MODULES1-5) QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS IVY TECH
COMMUNITY COLLEGE INDIANAPOLIS
Explain the two types of endoplasmic reticulum and their functions - (ANSWER)Rough ER
Studded with ribosomes involved in protein synthesis and processing Smooth ER Lacks
_&*
ribosomes involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification
+_%
@#$%^&*(o(*&^%$
^&*(
)
Explain the functions of the Golgi apparatus and its structure - (ANSWER)Function Modifies
sorts and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport Structure Stacks of flattened
membranous sacs
Explain the functions of the mitochondria and their structure Know that ATP is an organic
molecule that transfers energy and is used in cellular processes - (ANSWER)Function
Produce ATP through cellular respiration Structure Double membrane with inner folds
cristae to increase surface area
Module 1 Chapter 3 Cells - (ANSWER)
What is the basic unit of structure and function in the human body - (ANSWER)ANSWER
The cell
Briefly explain functions of lysosomes peroxisomes microfilaments microtubules
intermediate filaments centrioles cilia flagella microvilli and inclusions -
(ANSWER)Lysosomes Digestive enzymes for waste processing Peroxisomes Break down
fatty acids and detoxify Microfilaments Provide structural support and movement
Microtubules Maintain cell shape transport organelles Intermediate Filaments Provide
tensile strength Centrioles Organize cell division Cilia Move fluid across cell surface
Flagella Enable cell movement Microvilli Increase surface area for absorption Inclusions
Stored nutrients or pigments
Explain the function of the nucleus - (ANSWER)ANSWER Houses DNA and controls cellular
activities
