ICT UNIT 4 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS Graded A+
1.One form of attack that can take place is a phishing.
Explain what is meant by a phishing.: An email is sent to a large number
of people (1) from a large list of email addresses that has been obtained
(1). The email pretends to be from someone in danger/with a
problem/important (1) but is actually trying to gain personal
information/commit fraud/gain usernames and passwords (1)
2.AJ Systems is trying to train staff to recognise phishing attempts.
Describe two ways that could help staff to recognise a phishing attack.:
The email will not be personally addressed (1)
Any links may not be to a legitimate web address / the link may not be
the same as the text (1).
It may contain misspellings (1).
There may be a problem or situation that is presented, but seems
suspicious (1). There will normally be a request to contact a phone
number, click a link or give personal information (1).
3.One function of a modern PCs operating system is multi-tasking. This
allows two or more programs to be open at the same time.
Describe how multi-tasking works.: When a program is opened, the
program instructions are copied into RAM (1) along with any data/files
that the program needs
(1). Other programs can also be opened and copied into RAM (1). The
operating system manages for one of the programs to get a small
amount of CPU time (1). When it has this time, the instructions are
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5
, executed (1). The CPU will then make the program wait whilst another
program gets CPU time (1). As this happens very quickly, the user will
experience one or more programs appearing to run at the same time
(1) even if there is only one CPU (1).
4.Other than managing multi-tasking, explain three other functions of an
oper- ating system: · Providing a user interface (1)providing a means of
communication between the user and the hardware (1).
· Memory management (1)managing multiple programs and the data
they use when in main memory at the same time (1). Makes sure that
programs cannot access the space allocated to other programs (1).
Manages how data and programs are swapped between RAM and virtual
memory (1).
· Peripheral management (1)managing inputs to the CPU from
peripheral devices such as keyboard (1), and outputs from the CPU to
peripheral devices such as printers (1).· File management (1)keeping an
index of where all files are stored (1), and where there are blocks of free
space (1).
· User management Managing user IDs, passwords (1) and access rights
(1).
5.Explain what a utility program is.: Systems software that provides
additional functionality to the operating system (1) such as
housekeeping tasks (1) including formatters / defragmentation (1)
(allow other examples of utility programs).
6.Explain the role of anti-virus software.: Anti-virus software is a utility
program that prevents harmful programs/viruses/malware being
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1.One form of attack that can take place is a phishing.
Explain what is meant by a phishing.: An email is sent to a large number
of people (1) from a large list of email addresses that has been obtained
(1). The email pretends to be from someone in danger/with a
problem/important (1) but is actually trying to gain personal
information/commit fraud/gain usernames and passwords (1)
2.AJ Systems is trying to train staff to recognise phishing attempts.
Describe two ways that could help staff to recognise a phishing attack.:
The email will not be personally addressed (1)
Any links may not be to a legitimate web address / the link may not be
the same as the text (1).
It may contain misspellings (1).
There may be a problem or situation that is presented, but seems
suspicious (1). There will normally be a request to contact a phone
number, click a link or give personal information (1).
3.One function of a modern PCs operating system is multi-tasking. This
allows two or more programs to be open at the same time.
Describe how multi-tasking works.: When a program is opened, the
program instructions are copied into RAM (1) along with any data/files
that the program needs
(1). Other programs can also be opened and copied into RAM (1). The
operating system manages for one of the programs to get a small
amount of CPU time (1). When it has this time, the instructions are
1/
5
, executed (1). The CPU will then make the program wait whilst another
program gets CPU time (1). As this happens very quickly, the user will
experience one or more programs appearing to run at the same time
(1) even if there is only one CPU (1).
4.Other than managing multi-tasking, explain three other functions of an
oper- ating system: · Providing a user interface (1)providing a means of
communication between the user and the hardware (1).
· Memory management (1)managing multiple programs and the data
they use when in main memory at the same time (1). Makes sure that
programs cannot access the space allocated to other programs (1).
Manages how data and programs are swapped between RAM and virtual
memory (1).
· Peripheral management (1)managing inputs to the CPU from
peripheral devices such as keyboard (1), and outputs from the CPU to
peripheral devices such as printers (1).· File management (1)keeping an
index of where all files are stored (1), and where there are blocks of free
space (1).
· User management Managing user IDs, passwords (1) and access rights
(1).
5.Explain what a utility program is.: Systems software that provides
additional functionality to the operating system (1) such as
housekeeping tasks (1) including formatters / defragmentation (1)
(allow other examples of utility programs).
6.Explain the role of anti-virus software.: Anti-virus software is a utility
program that prevents harmful programs/viruses/malware being
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