NAFC Nutrition Coach Exam 2025
Questions and Answers
What is the Structural and Functional Unit of any complex organism - ANSWER✔✔-
Cell
Characteristics of Healthy Cells - ANSWER✔✔--Take in only the nutrients needed to
function properly
-Grow to a fairly uniform size and shape
-Multiply only when needed or directed to
-Don't infringe on each other's space
-Communicate and cooperate with each other for the good of the whole organism
Characteristics of Unhealthy Cells - ANSWER✔✔--Take in all the nutrients they can get,
thereby depriving surrounding cells of vital nutrients
-Keep growing beyond their normal preprogrammed size and shape.
-Multiply out of control
-Infringe upon and push into and damage surrounding healthy cells
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,-Cease to communicate and/or cooperate with other cells or the body as a whole. This
leads to a breakdown in the function and structural integrity of the tissue or organ
involved.
Cell Theory States.. - ANSWER✔✔--Cells are the building blocks of plants and animals
-All cells are produced by the division of pre-existing cells
-Cells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions
-Each cell maintains homeostasis at the cellular level
-Homeostasis at higher levels, reflects combined, coordinated action of many cells
-The human body contains many different types of cells
Cytology - ANSWER✔✔-The study of structure and function of cells
Homeostasis - ANSWER✔✔-The property of a system (Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organism)
either open or closed, that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a
stable, constant condition.
A typical cell.. - ANSWER✔✔--Is surrounded by extra-cellular fluid, which is the
interstitial fluid of the tissue.
-Has an outer boundary called a cell membrane
-Has many components including the cellular organelles. These organelles carry out all
the vital processes required for life.
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,-Must take in nutrients from the interstitial fluid; use those nutrients to create all the
substances needed to carry on life; secrete any products meant for use outside the cell;
as well as excrete all waste products
Cell Membrane - ANSWER✔✔-The outer boundary of a cell
DNA - ANSWER✔✔-Is a sequence of chemical bases that essentially stores information
in a "code" that tells the cell what proteins to make
When unraveled, how far would the DNA in each cell stretch? - ANSWER✔✔-2-3
meters long
When unraveled, all of the DNA in a single body would stretch how far? -
ANSWER✔✔-From the Earth to the Sun and around 400 times
How many DNA are in the body? - ANSWER✔✔-Approximately 35,000 genes that
make up 300,000 different proteins
Gene Activation - ANSWER✔✔-Initiates with Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Polymerase
binding to the gene. (RNA Polymerase is a large protein)
Transcription - ANSWER✔✔-The formation of Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA)
from DNA.
mRNA - ANSWER✔✔-Carries instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
What are the two types of organelles found in cells? - ANSWER✔✔-Membranous and
Non-membranous
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, Membranous Organelles are surrounded by - ANSWER✔✔-Lipid Membranes
Membranous Organelles also feature - ANSWER✔✔--Endoplasmic reticulum
-Golgi Apparatus
-Lysosomes
-Peroxisomes
-Mitochondria
Non-Membranous Organelles are - ANSWER✔✔-not enclosed by a membrane and
always in touch with the cytosol.
Non-Membranous Organelles also consist of - ANSWER✔✔--Cytoskeleton
-Microvilli
-Centrioles
-Cilia
-Ribosomes
-Proteasomes
Cell Membrane - ANSWER✔✔-Provides isolation, support and protection; controls
movement of materials in and out of the cell; acts as a barrier between the cell and its
environment
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Answers
What is the Structural and Functional Unit of any complex organism - ANSWER✔✔-
Cell
Characteristics of Healthy Cells - ANSWER✔✔--Take in only the nutrients needed to
function properly
-Grow to a fairly uniform size and shape
-Multiply only when needed or directed to
-Don't infringe on each other's space
-Communicate and cooperate with each other for the good of the whole organism
Characteristics of Unhealthy Cells - ANSWER✔✔--Take in all the nutrients they can get,
thereby depriving surrounding cells of vital nutrients
-Keep growing beyond their normal preprogrammed size and shape.
-Multiply out of control
-Infringe upon and push into and damage surrounding healthy cells
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,-Cease to communicate and/or cooperate with other cells or the body as a whole. This
leads to a breakdown in the function and structural integrity of the tissue or organ
involved.
Cell Theory States.. - ANSWER✔✔--Cells are the building blocks of plants and animals
-All cells are produced by the division of pre-existing cells
-Cells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions
-Each cell maintains homeostasis at the cellular level
-Homeostasis at higher levels, reflects combined, coordinated action of many cells
-The human body contains many different types of cells
Cytology - ANSWER✔✔-The study of structure and function of cells
Homeostasis - ANSWER✔✔-The property of a system (Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organism)
either open or closed, that regulates its internal environment and tends to maintain a
stable, constant condition.
A typical cell.. - ANSWER✔✔--Is surrounded by extra-cellular fluid, which is the
interstitial fluid of the tissue.
-Has an outer boundary called a cell membrane
-Has many components including the cellular organelles. These organelles carry out all
the vital processes required for life.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,-Must take in nutrients from the interstitial fluid; use those nutrients to create all the
substances needed to carry on life; secrete any products meant for use outside the cell;
as well as excrete all waste products
Cell Membrane - ANSWER✔✔-The outer boundary of a cell
DNA - ANSWER✔✔-Is a sequence of chemical bases that essentially stores information
in a "code" that tells the cell what proteins to make
When unraveled, how far would the DNA in each cell stretch? - ANSWER✔✔-2-3
meters long
When unraveled, all of the DNA in a single body would stretch how far? -
ANSWER✔✔-From the Earth to the Sun and around 400 times
How many DNA are in the body? - ANSWER✔✔-Approximately 35,000 genes that
make up 300,000 different proteins
Gene Activation - ANSWER✔✔-Initiates with Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Polymerase
binding to the gene. (RNA Polymerase is a large protein)
Transcription - ANSWER✔✔-The formation of Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA)
from DNA.
mRNA - ANSWER✔✔-Carries instructions from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
What are the two types of organelles found in cells? - ANSWER✔✔-Membranous and
Non-membranous
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Membranous Organelles are surrounded by - ANSWER✔✔-Lipid Membranes
Membranous Organelles also feature - ANSWER✔✔--Endoplasmic reticulum
-Golgi Apparatus
-Lysosomes
-Peroxisomes
-Mitochondria
Non-Membranous Organelles are - ANSWER✔✔-not enclosed by a membrane and
always in touch with the cytosol.
Non-Membranous Organelles also consist of - ANSWER✔✔--Cytoskeleton
-Microvilli
-Centrioles
-Cilia
-Ribosomes
-Proteasomes
Cell Membrane - ANSWER✔✔-Provides isolation, support and protection; controls
movement of materials in and out of the cell; acts as a barrier between the cell and its
environment
COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
