MMG 301 EXAM 2 Vocabulary Terms with
complete solutions A+ updated
Autoclave - correct answer ✔✔a container that kills all microbes and spores encountered by
humans if
-15 lb/in^2, 15 minutes, 121 degrees Celsius
Pasteurization - correct answer ✔✔a short-duration heating method that is used on heat-
sensitive liquids
-intended to reduce, but not eliminate most microorganisms
Decimal reduction time - correct answer ✔✔the time it takes for a to reduce living cells by 10-
fold
Depth filters - correct answer ✔✔sheets or mats of fibrous paper, cellulose, or glass fiber
Membrane filter - correct answer ✔✔used for sterilization, have uniform pore size
Facemasks - correct answer ✔✔loose fitting and surround the mouth and nose
N95 respirators - correct answer ✔✔tight-fitting devices that form a seal with the face to
prevent you from breathing in pathogens
"-static" antimicrobial chemical agent - correct answer ✔✔stops growth; many microbes are not
killed
,"-cidal" antimicrobial chemical agent - correct answer ✔✔kills bacterium, viral, and fungal
"-lytic" antimicrobial chemical agent - correct answer ✔✔performs lysis- completely destroys
cell
Sterilizers - correct answer ✔✔-kill ALL microbes and spores
-used in hospital labs, equipment, instruments
Disinfectants - correct answer ✔✔-second most hazardous agent; used for inanimate surfaces;
kills microbes and may kill spores
-examples of uses: hospitals, homes, Lysol cleaner
Antiseptics - correct answer ✔✔-kills microbes, but most likely not spores
-can be used on living tissues, i.e. surgical sites and wounds
Sanitizers - correct answer ✔✔-least harmful agent
-reduces microbes, but may not kill all
-used in food preparation
Antimicrobial agent factors - correct answer ✔✔-concentration
-duration of exposure of the microorganisms
-temperature of treatment
-presence of other organic materials
-level of microbial resistance to antimicrobial agent
Most resistant (1) to least resistant (6) microorganisms - correct answer ✔✔1. Bacterial spores
2. Mycobacteria
, 3. Non-enveloped or small viruses
4. Fungi
5. Vegetative bacteria
6. Enveloped viruses
Tube Dilution Assay - correct answer ✔✔measures the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
of an antimicrobial agent
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) - correct answer ✔✔-growth (turbidity) occurs in the
tubes with antimicrobial concentrations below the MIC
-no growth in tubes that are at the MIC or higher (tubes will be clear)
Antibiotic Disc Agar Diffusion Method - correct answer ✔✔allows for testing the sensitivity to
many antimicrobial agents on a single plate
Kirby-Bauer test - correct answer ✔✔-allows for testing the sensitivity to many antimicrobial
agents on a single plate
(another name for the Antibiotic Disc Agar Diffusion Method)
Microbes in the News: Washing Our Hands Of Triclosan: Good Riddance
1. What did the FDA ban from use in antiseptic wash products?
2. What is triclosan used in?
3. Is there a reduction in illnesses in families using products containing antibacterial chemicals?
4. What human systems does triclosan interfere with? - correct answer ✔✔1. banned Triclosan
2. hand soaps as well as other products like toothpaste, deodorants, eye shadows, and
moisturizers
3. no reduction
complete solutions A+ updated
Autoclave - correct answer ✔✔a container that kills all microbes and spores encountered by
humans if
-15 lb/in^2, 15 minutes, 121 degrees Celsius
Pasteurization - correct answer ✔✔a short-duration heating method that is used on heat-
sensitive liquids
-intended to reduce, but not eliminate most microorganisms
Decimal reduction time - correct answer ✔✔the time it takes for a to reduce living cells by 10-
fold
Depth filters - correct answer ✔✔sheets or mats of fibrous paper, cellulose, or glass fiber
Membrane filter - correct answer ✔✔used for sterilization, have uniform pore size
Facemasks - correct answer ✔✔loose fitting and surround the mouth and nose
N95 respirators - correct answer ✔✔tight-fitting devices that form a seal with the face to
prevent you from breathing in pathogens
"-static" antimicrobial chemical agent - correct answer ✔✔stops growth; many microbes are not
killed
,"-cidal" antimicrobial chemical agent - correct answer ✔✔kills bacterium, viral, and fungal
"-lytic" antimicrobial chemical agent - correct answer ✔✔performs lysis- completely destroys
cell
Sterilizers - correct answer ✔✔-kill ALL microbes and spores
-used in hospital labs, equipment, instruments
Disinfectants - correct answer ✔✔-second most hazardous agent; used for inanimate surfaces;
kills microbes and may kill spores
-examples of uses: hospitals, homes, Lysol cleaner
Antiseptics - correct answer ✔✔-kills microbes, but most likely not spores
-can be used on living tissues, i.e. surgical sites and wounds
Sanitizers - correct answer ✔✔-least harmful agent
-reduces microbes, but may not kill all
-used in food preparation
Antimicrobial agent factors - correct answer ✔✔-concentration
-duration of exposure of the microorganisms
-temperature of treatment
-presence of other organic materials
-level of microbial resistance to antimicrobial agent
Most resistant (1) to least resistant (6) microorganisms - correct answer ✔✔1. Bacterial spores
2. Mycobacteria
, 3. Non-enveloped or small viruses
4. Fungi
5. Vegetative bacteria
6. Enveloped viruses
Tube Dilution Assay - correct answer ✔✔measures the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
of an antimicrobial agent
Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) - correct answer ✔✔-growth (turbidity) occurs in the
tubes with antimicrobial concentrations below the MIC
-no growth in tubes that are at the MIC or higher (tubes will be clear)
Antibiotic Disc Agar Diffusion Method - correct answer ✔✔allows for testing the sensitivity to
many antimicrobial agents on a single plate
Kirby-Bauer test - correct answer ✔✔-allows for testing the sensitivity to many antimicrobial
agents on a single plate
(another name for the Antibiotic Disc Agar Diffusion Method)
Microbes in the News: Washing Our Hands Of Triclosan: Good Riddance
1. What did the FDA ban from use in antiseptic wash products?
2. What is triclosan used in?
3. Is there a reduction in illnesses in families using products containing antibacterial chemicals?
4. What human systems does triclosan interfere with? - correct answer ✔✔1. banned Triclosan
2. hand soaps as well as other products like toothpaste, deodorants, eye shadows, and
moisturizers
3. no reduction
