Wgu D564 Theories Of Personality Exam Study Guide Complete Questions With Correct Detailed Answers || 100% Guaranteed Pass Latest Version

WGU D564 Theories of Personality EXAM STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || 100% GUARANTEED PASS LATEST VERSION 1. Humanistic theories of personality - origin - ANSWER Started in the 1960's in response to reductionistic thoughts in psychology, strived to give a fuller picture of the human being and self structure 2. Humanistic theories of personality - primary focus - ANSWER 1) personality is a construction of how we view the world, we are always more than traits, unconscious desires, rewards or punishments 2) individual's personality is compromised of personal responsibility and one's unique capacity to determine one's own future 3) people are naturally good and that they possess a drive toward self-fulfillment/potential 3. How would a store use Maslow's hierarchy of needs to sell high-end luxury products? - ANSWER Focusing on mid-level esteem needs 4. Which individual is engaged in intrinsic striving? - ANSWER Someone who works hard because they enjoy the work they are doing 5. A therapist conducts research on resiliency and active coping following a natural disaster. Which perspective psychology is included in their study? - ANSWER Positive psychology 6. Which therapeutic action foster feelings of acceptance by the client according to Carl Rogers? - ANSWER The therapist demonstrates unconditional positive regard for the client 7. A person is loud and outgoing at home, but quiet and reserved at work or with friends. What is the theoretical perspective of personality that would focus on how the person learned to respond differently? - ANSWER Behavioral 8. Which theory of personality is most concerned with the role of the unconscious? a) Trait theory b) Behaviorism c) Psychoanalytic theory d) Humanistic theory - ANSWER Psychoanalytic theory 9. True/False: The humanistic perspective views personality as being primarily influenced by external factors - ANSWER False 10. congruence - ANSWER state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar 11. organismic valuing process - ANSWER the internal drive to experience growth and avoid situations that limit that growth 12. What is self-actualization? - ANSWER the final level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. its when you reach your full potential 13. Physiological Needs (Maslow) - ANSWER Level 1: These include the most basic needs that are vital to survival, such as the need for water, air, food, and sleep. 14. Safety Needs (Maslow) - ANSWER second level in Maslow's hierarchy - needs for freedom from illness or danger and the need for a secure, familiar, predictable environment (shelter) 15. belongingness and love needs (Maslow) - ANSWER Third level in Maslow's hierarchy - need to feel accepted and approved by a group or by society as a whole 16. Esteem Needs (Maslow) - ANSWER Level 4: These include the need for things that reflect on self-esteem, personal worth, social recognition, and accomplishment. People often engage in activities such as going to school, playing a sport, enjoying a hobby, or participating in professional activities in order to fulfill this need. 17. What happens if there is a deficiency in one of those needs? - ANSWER At any of these four levels, if unmet, leads to a craving, and it directs action to get the need fulfilled 18. What is positive psychology? - ANSWER the scientific study of human functioning, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive 19. How are Maslow and Rogers theories similar? - ANSWER Both men believed that human beings need certain conditions to be in place before they can reach their full potential and lead a fulfilled life 20. How are Maslow and Rogers theories different? - ANSWER Maslow focused on understanding the characteristics of self actualizing individuals Rogers not only looked at the characteristics but also considered the ways to attain self actualization as well as developing a therapy to overcome barriers restricted an individual from moving towards achieving their full potential. 21. Fill-in-the-Blank: According to Erik Erikson, the primary psychosocial crisis faced during adolescence is identity ____. - ANSWER Confusion 22. True/False: The social cognitive theory of personality emphasizes the interaction between personal, behavioral, and environmental factors in shaping individual behavior. - ANSWER True 23. Multiple Choice: Which theory of personality emphasizes the role of unconscious fears and desires, as well as the collective unconscious? a) Behaviorism b) Humanistic psychology c) Psychoanalytic theory d) Trait theory - ANSWER c) Psychoanalytic theory 24. Fill-in-the-Blank: Bandura's concept of self-______ refers to an individual's beliefs about their own abilities and potential for success. - ANSWER Effiacy 25. True/False: The trait theory of personality suggests that individuals possess consistent patterns of behavior across different situations. - ANSWER True 26. Multiple Choice: According to Skinner's theory of operant conditioning, which of the following best describes positive reinforcement? a) Adding a stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior b) Removing a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior c) Adding a stimulus to decrease the likelihood of a behavior d) Removing a stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior - ANSWER a) Adding a stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior 27. Procedural self change - ANSWER Yes, through practice and feedback. 28. Self-view after memory loss - ANSWER You would not change your view of yourself. 29. Self-enhancement - ANSWER People who self-enhance—that is, who think they are better than the other people who know them think they are— run into problems with others, mental health, and adjustment. 30. Self-esteem - ANSWER Within your conscious knowledge and opinions about your own personality traits, your overall opinion about whether you are good or bad is called self-esteem. 31. Possible selves - ANSWER What are the images we have or can construct of the other ways we might be? 32. Self-knowledge types - ANSWER Self-knowledge can be divided into two types: declarative and procedural. 33. Declarative self-knowledge - ANSWER Consists of the facts and impressions that we consciously know and can describe. 34. Procedural self-knowledge - ANSWER Is knowledge expressed through actions rather than words. 35. Self-reference effect - ANSWER The enhancement of the long-term memory that comes from thinking of how information relates to the self is called self-reference effect. 36. Self-schema - ANSWER The cognitive structure that contains the declarative self. 37. Self-discrepancy theory - ANSWER According to the self-discrepancy theory, the interaction between your desired selves and your actual self determines how you feel about life. 38. Ontological self; epistemological self - ANSWER Some philosophers and psychologists call the I the ontological self and the me the epistemological self. 39. Disorders of Personality - ANSWER A pattern of thought, feeling, and behavior that goes beyond the normal range and causes problems for the affected individual or for others. 40. DSM - ANSWER Lists the primary indicators for each mental disorder and specifies how many are required to make a diagnosis. 41. Axis I disorders - ANSWER In the DSM-IV, patterns of severe mental illness (e.g., schizophrenia). 42. Axis II disorders - ANSWER In the DSM-IV, the personality disorders. 43. Kurt Schneider and personality disorders - ANSWER Two defining features: a person exhibits an unusually extreme degree of one or more attributes of personality and the associated extreme behavioral pattern causes major problems for the person or for others.