NUR 213 Final Exam
What is cholera?
An infectious disease of the small intestine caused by bacteria that release toxins,
causing the release of a large amount of water into the intestines
What are some s/s of cholera?
- watery diarrhea with a fishy odor and cloudy water appearance
- vomiting
- dehydration
- electrolyte imbalances
How is cholera treated?
- rehydration
- oral rehydration solution
- abx may decrease length of symptoms
How can cholera be prevented?
- thorough hand washing
- disinfect drinking water
- cook food thoroughly
What are some s/s of classic dengue?
- high fever 4-7 days after being bitten
- severe HA
- retroorbital pain
- severe joint/bone/muscle pain
- nausea
- vomiting
- possible rash
What are some s/s of hemorrhagic fever?
- severe abdominal pain
- persistent vomiting
- s/s vessel damage
What are some treatments for dengue?
- symptom management
- avoid NSAIDs
- bleeding precautions for hemorrhagic fever
- fluids
- bedrest
What is malaria?
parasitic infection in which parasites enter the body and travel to the liver, in which
parasites are released that cause the bursting of RBCs
What are some s/s of malaria?
- mild anemia
- mild thrombocytopenia
- general malaise
- bloody stools
- chills
, - fever
- jaundice
- hepatomegaly
- vomiting
- muscle pain
- organ failure
What are some tx for malaria?
chloroquine, quinidine/quinine and doxycycline/tetracycline/clindamycin for chloroquine-
resistant strands
What prevention measures would be implemented to prevent H5N1?
- avoid poultry
- wash hands before and after handling poultry
- use a food thermometer when cooking chicken
- ensure cooked chicken is at least 165 degrees in the thickest part
- cook eggs all the way
What are some risk factors for indoor pollution?
- wood stove use
- asbestos
- humid environments
- elderly
- children
- women
- homebound
What are some hardships experienced by those diagnosed with mental illness?
- abuse, neglect
- social stigma
- inhumane treatment
What is cardiogenic shock?
the heart's ability to pump is compromised and the supply of oxygen is inadequate for
perfusion
What are the three stages of shock?
Compensatory, Progressive, Irreversible
What occurs in the compensatory stage of shock?
the body shunts blood to vital organs in an attempt to maintain adequate BP
What occurs in the progressive stage of shock?
mechanisms that regulate BP are unable to compensate, leading to a decrease in BP
and MAP; vasoconstriction continues and compromises cellular perfusion
What occurs in the irreversible/refractory stage of shock?
organ damage is so severe that the patient becomes unresponsive to treatment
What medication(s) can be used for a patient in ventricular fibrillation?
epinephrine, amiodarone
What medication(s) can be used for a patient in asystole?
epinephrine
What medication(s) can be used for a patient in symptomatic ventricular
tachycardia?
amiodarone, lidocaine, procainamide
What is cholera?
An infectious disease of the small intestine caused by bacteria that release toxins,
causing the release of a large amount of water into the intestines
What are some s/s of cholera?
- watery diarrhea with a fishy odor and cloudy water appearance
- vomiting
- dehydration
- electrolyte imbalances
How is cholera treated?
- rehydration
- oral rehydration solution
- abx may decrease length of symptoms
How can cholera be prevented?
- thorough hand washing
- disinfect drinking water
- cook food thoroughly
What are some s/s of classic dengue?
- high fever 4-7 days after being bitten
- severe HA
- retroorbital pain
- severe joint/bone/muscle pain
- nausea
- vomiting
- possible rash
What are some s/s of hemorrhagic fever?
- severe abdominal pain
- persistent vomiting
- s/s vessel damage
What are some treatments for dengue?
- symptom management
- avoid NSAIDs
- bleeding precautions for hemorrhagic fever
- fluids
- bedrest
What is malaria?
parasitic infection in which parasites enter the body and travel to the liver, in which
parasites are released that cause the bursting of RBCs
What are some s/s of malaria?
- mild anemia
- mild thrombocytopenia
- general malaise
- bloody stools
- chills
, - fever
- jaundice
- hepatomegaly
- vomiting
- muscle pain
- organ failure
What are some tx for malaria?
chloroquine, quinidine/quinine and doxycycline/tetracycline/clindamycin for chloroquine-
resistant strands
What prevention measures would be implemented to prevent H5N1?
- avoid poultry
- wash hands before and after handling poultry
- use a food thermometer when cooking chicken
- ensure cooked chicken is at least 165 degrees in the thickest part
- cook eggs all the way
What are some risk factors for indoor pollution?
- wood stove use
- asbestos
- humid environments
- elderly
- children
- women
- homebound
What are some hardships experienced by those diagnosed with mental illness?
- abuse, neglect
- social stigma
- inhumane treatment
What is cardiogenic shock?
the heart's ability to pump is compromised and the supply of oxygen is inadequate for
perfusion
What are the three stages of shock?
Compensatory, Progressive, Irreversible
What occurs in the compensatory stage of shock?
the body shunts blood to vital organs in an attempt to maintain adequate BP
What occurs in the progressive stage of shock?
mechanisms that regulate BP are unable to compensate, leading to a decrease in BP
and MAP; vasoconstriction continues and compromises cellular perfusion
What occurs in the irreversible/refractory stage of shock?
organ damage is so severe that the patient becomes unresponsive to treatment
What medication(s) can be used for a patient in ventricular fibrillation?
epinephrine, amiodarone
What medication(s) can be used for a patient in asystole?
epinephrine
What medication(s) can be used for a patient in symptomatic ventricular
tachycardia?
amiodarone, lidocaine, procainamide
