BIOL 121 Exam 1 PURDUE Actual study
with Questions and correct/verified
Answers
Prokaryote - ANSWER-unicellular
single membrane
bacteria and archaea
Eukaryote - ANSWER-inner & outer membrane
organelles un cells
-nucleus: genetic material
-mitochondria: power house
Homo sapiens - ANSWER-homo - genus
sapins - name of species
Carbohydrates - ANSWER-starches and sugars
Carbohydrate function - ANSWER-source of energy
stored energy
structural components
Monosaccharides - ANSWER-ribose, glucose, glyceraldehyde
simple sugars
Disaccharide - ANSWER-double sugar
sucrose
Polysaccharides - ANSWER-starch and multiple sugars
easily broken down by enzymes
Lipids - ANSWER-C, H, O
fats, oils, waxes
Lipid Function - ANSWER-membrane structure
energy storage
structural basis for animal hormones & vitamins
Triglycerides - ANSWER-glycerol + 3 fatty acids
Saturated Fatty Acids - ANSWER-max number of H atoms possible
pack tightly
+ cholesterol = heart disease
Unsaturated Fatty Acids - ANSWER-double bonds
crooked structure
liquid
Cholesterol - ANSWER-made in liver and degraded in liver
, LDL - delivery trucks, bad
HDL - good, garbage trucks
Phospholipids - ANSWER-two fatty acids + phosphate group + glycerol
membrane function
Steroids - ANSWER-lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings
Proteins - ANSWER-E. coli
C, H, O, N sometimes P, S, Mg, Fe
amino group, carboxyl group, side chain, and hydrogen attached to carbon
Protein Function - ANSWER-support - collagen
transport - hemoglobin
movement - actin
defense - antibodies
enzymatic - regulate chem rxns
Protein Structure Levels - ANSWER-primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
Primary Protein Structure - ANSWER-sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
-inherited
Secondary Protein Structure - ANSWER-localized twisting or folding
alpha helices and beta pleated sheets
Tertiary Protein Structure - ANSWER-additional folding
interaction between R groups
Quaternary Protein Structure - ANSWER-association of several polypeptide chains
Enzyme - ANSWER-protein that acts as a biological catalyst
small amounts
lower Ea
DO NOT affect deltaG
Nucleic Acids - ANSWER-C,H,O,N,P
polymers of nucleotides
nitrogen base, pentose sugar, phosphate group
Nucleic Acid Function - ANSWER-information storage and transfer
synthesis of proteins
transfer chem energy
RNA enzyme/regulator -microRNA
DNA and RNA - ANSWER-DNA
-deoxyribose
-A-T, G-C
-double helix
RNA
with Questions and correct/verified
Answers
Prokaryote - ANSWER-unicellular
single membrane
bacteria and archaea
Eukaryote - ANSWER-inner & outer membrane
organelles un cells
-nucleus: genetic material
-mitochondria: power house
Homo sapiens - ANSWER-homo - genus
sapins - name of species
Carbohydrates - ANSWER-starches and sugars
Carbohydrate function - ANSWER-source of energy
stored energy
structural components
Monosaccharides - ANSWER-ribose, glucose, glyceraldehyde
simple sugars
Disaccharide - ANSWER-double sugar
sucrose
Polysaccharides - ANSWER-starch and multiple sugars
easily broken down by enzymes
Lipids - ANSWER-C, H, O
fats, oils, waxes
Lipid Function - ANSWER-membrane structure
energy storage
structural basis for animal hormones & vitamins
Triglycerides - ANSWER-glycerol + 3 fatty acids
Saturated Fatty Acids - ANSWER-max number of H atoms possible
pack tightly
+ cholesterol = heart disease
Unsaturated Fatty Acids - ANSWER-double bonds
crooked structure
liquid
Cholesterol - ANSWER-made in liver and degraded in liver
, LDL - delivery trucks, bad
HDL - good, garbage trucks
Phospholipids - ANSWER-two fatty acids + phosphate group + glycerol
membrane function
Steroids - ANSWER-lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings
Proteins - ANSWER-E. coli
C, H, O, N sometimes P, S, Mg, Fe
amino group, carboxyl group, side chain, and hydrogen attached to carbon
Protein Function - ANSWER-support - collagen
transport - hemoglobin
movement - actin
defense - antibodies
enzymatic - regulate chem rxns
Protein Structure Levels - ANSWER-primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary
Primary Protein Structure - ANSWER-sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
-inherited
Secondary Protein Structure - ANSWER-localized twisting or folding
alpha helices and beta pleated sheets
Tertiary Protein Structure - ANSWER-additional folding
interaction between R groups
Quaternary Protein Structure - ANSWER-association of several polypeptide chains
Enzyme - ANSWER-protein that acts as a biological catalyst
small amounts
lower Ea
DO NOT affect deltaG
Nucleic Acids - ANSWER-C,H,O,N,P
polymers of nucleotides
nitrogen base, pentose sugar, phosphate group
Nucleic Acid Function - ANSWER-information storage and transfer
synthesis of proteins
transfer chem energy
RNA enzyme/regulator -microRNA
DNA and RNA - ANSWER-DNA
-deoxyribose
-A-T, G-C
-double helix
RNA
