NSG-316 EXAM 3 PREP /COMPREHENSIVE
GUIDE/ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS CORRECTLY
ANSWERED/NEWEST UPDATE
Myocardium - (answers)heart muscle that surrounds ventricles and atrium
Atria are thinner as they need to pump less strong
pericardium - (answers)external layer that protects heart from injury/infection
endocardium - (answers)3 layered membrane that lines heart chambers
blockage of coronary arteries can lead to - (answers)heart attack or stroke
heart failure - (answers)increased pressure of cardiac overload
-pulm congestion
-inc amount of blood in pulm capillaries
Left sided heart failure - (answers)dyspnea/SOB, pulmonary edema
right sided heart failure - (answers)blood back up in the periphery and will
present with edema
cardiomegaly - (answers)abnormal enlargement of the heart due to over working
to compensate for decreased function
,frequency - (answers)high pitched or low pitched
what should you use the diaphragm of a stethoscope for - (answers)high pitched,
normal sounds
what should you use the bell of a stethoscope for - (answers)low pitched,
abnormal heart sounds, murmurs
intensity/loudness - (answers)loud or soft
duration - (answers)short heart sounds, or silent periods
timing - (answers)systole or diastole
carotid artery/pulse - (answers)found in the neck. feel one at a time. S1 is felt
what is the most diminished pulse in the aging adult - (answers)pedal pulse
normal heart sounds - (answers)S1 and S2
S1 heart sound - (answers)-occurs with closure of mitral and tricuspid valves (AV
valve)
, -"lub" sound
-loudest at apex (5th intercostal space at midclavicular line)
S2 heart sound - (answers)-occurs with closure of aortic and pulmonic valves
(semilunar valves)
-"dub" sound
-loudest at base of heart (2nd intercostal space)
abnormal heart sounds - (answers)S3 and S4 sounds, murmurs, and bruits
S3 heart sounds - (answers)-not usually heard
-gallop sound
-indication of HF
-occurs with ventricular resistance of filling
S4 heart sounds - (answers)-create vibrations
-can be heard right before S1 sound
-occurs at end of diastole when ventricles resist filling
murmurs - (answers)-from turbulent blood flow
-heard directly over heart
-gentle blowing/swooshing sound
GUIDE/ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS CORRECTLY
ANSWERED/NEWEST UPDATE
Myocardium - (answers)heart muscle that surrounds ventricles and atrium
Atria are thinner as they need to pump less strong
pericardium - (answers)external layer that protects heart from injury/infection
endocardium - (answers)3 layered membrane that lines heart chambers
blockage of coronary arteries can lead to - (answers)heart attack or stroke
heart failure - (answers)increased pressure of cardiac overload
-pulm congestion
-inc amount of blood in pulm capillaries
Left sided heart failure - (answers)dyspnea/SOB, pulmonary edema
right sided heart failure - (answers)blood back up in the periphery and will
present with edema
cardiomegaly - (answers)abnormal enlargement of the heart due to over working
to compensate for decreased function
,frequency - (answers)high pitched or low pitched
what should you use the diaphragm of a stethoscope for - (answers)high pitched,
normal sounds
what should you use the bell of a stethoscope for - (answers)low pitched,
abnormal heart sounds, murmurs
intensity/loudness - (answers)loud or soft
duration - (answers)short heart sounds, or silent periods
timing - (answers)systole or diastole
carotid artery/pulse - (answers)found in the neck. feel one at a time. S1 is felt
what is the most diminished pulse in the aging adult - (answers)pedal pulse
normal heart sounds - (answers)S1 and S2
S1 heart sound - (answers)-occurs with closure of mitral and tricuspid valves (AV
valve)
, -"lub" sound
-loudest at apex (5th intercostal space at midclavicular line)
S2 heart sound - (answers)-occurs with closure of aortic and pulmonic valves
(semilunar valves)
-"dub" sound
-loudest at base of heart (2nd intercostal space)
abnormal heart sounds - (answers)S3 and S4 sounds, murmurs, and bruits
S3 heart sounds - (answers)-not usually heard
-gallop sound
-indication of HF
-occurs with ventricular resistance of filling
S4 heart sounds - (answers)-create vibrations
-can be heard right before S1 sound
-occurs at end of diastole when ventricles resist filling
murmurs - (answers)-from turbulent blood flow
-heard directly over heart
-gentle blowing/swooshing sound
