NS2221 Exam| QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 100% SOLVED| LATEST UPDATE
GUARANTEED PASS
Investigations for perinatal loss Ultrasounds: lack of FHR or position of conceptus
Miscarriage: serum progesterone and hCG tests, possibly MRI
Management of perinatal loss Expectant: go home and await events
Surgical or medical treatment
Education and support of perinatal loss Advice about management plan incl risks
Advice about physical recovery and future fertility
Open discussion about loss and grief
Education on where to access counselling and emotional support
Surgical methods for fetal removal - up to 16 weeks Vacuum
Early aspiration <49 days
Electrical or manual aspiration <14 weeks
Large-bore cannula <16 weeks
Surgical fetal removal 13-24 weeks Dilation and curettage (D&C) 13-24 weeks
Meds/tools to dilate cervix
Scraping and removal (curettage) of conceptus products
Medical methods for fetal removal <9 weeks: Mifepristone +1 dose misoprostol
9-24: mifepristone + multiple misoprostol
,Neonatal death definition Death up to 28 days following live birth
Causes of neonatal death Congenital anomalies 33%
Preterm birth 29%
Antepartum bleed 10%
Maternal conditions
Labour or postnatal events
%s of neonatal death timing 60% in first 24 hours
23% in first 7 days
17% 7-28 days
Care for women experiencing neonatal death Usual maternal postnatal care
Fetal investigations
Debriefing for parents
Time with baby
Clothes & cot blankets
Plaster cast of feet and hands
Photos
Cot card
Memory box
Reporting responsibilities for miscarriage: diagnosed and birthed <20 weeks Birth not
registered or reportable
Burial/cremation not required - parents can make memorial arrangements
,Classification & responsibilities MW: NND diagnosed <20 weeks but birthed >20 weeks
Miscarriage
RBDM: no
PDCU: yes
Burial/cremation not required - parents may make memorial arrangements
Classification & responsibilities: NND diagnosed and occurred 20+ weeks/>400g Stillbirth
RBDM: yes
PDCU: yes
Burial/cremation required
What is the bi-parietal diameter? 9.5cm
What drugs are in an epidural? Fentanyl and bupivocaine/ropivocaine?
Causes of early decelerations? Head compression: contractions, VE, fundal pressure
Seen during fetal sleep periods or 2nd stage labour (more common)
Natural contraceptive methods Lactational amenorrhoea
Temperature monitoring
Cervical mucous monitoring
Calendar
What is lactational amenorrhea? Consistent breast feeding = prolactin = stops release of egg
FSH & LH: decrease
Only effective up to 6 months PP
, Benefits of lactational amenorrhea 98% effective when done properly for the first 6 months
No cost
Promotes BF
Disadvantages of lactational amenorrhoea May have BF difficulties
Only effective for 6 months
What is symptothermal contraception? Women use their basal body temperature (BBT)
AND
S&S of ovulation (SHOW cervix, egg white DC)
And avoid SI
Barrier contraceptive methods Condom
Femdom
Diaphragm
Combined hormonal contraception Oral combined pill (taken every day)
Nuva ring (changed every 3 weeks)
Not suitable for breastfeeding (oestrogen inhibits stimulation of prolactin)
Progesterone only contraception options Mini-pill
Injectable - depo provera every 12 weeks
Emergency contraception
Long acting reversible contraception IUD - copper
GUARANTEED PASS
Investigations for perinatal loss Ultrasounds: lack of FHR or position of conceptus
Miscarriage: serum progesterone and hCG tests, possibly MRI
Management of perinatal loss Expectant: go home and await events
Surgical or medical treatment
Education and support of perinatal loss Advice about management plan incl risks
Advice about physical recovery and future fertility
Open discussion about loss and grief
Education on where to access counselling and emotional support
Surgical methods for fetal removal - up to 16 weeks Vacuum
Early aspiration <49 days
Electrical or manual aspiration <14 weeks
Large-bore cannula <16 weeks
Surgical fetal removal 13-24 weeks Dilation and curettage (D&C) 13-24 weeks
Meds/tools to dilate cervix
Scraping and removal (curettage) of conceptus products
Medical methods for fetal removal <9 weeks: Mifepristone +1 dose misoprostol
9-24: mifepristone + multiple misoprostol
,Neonatal death definition Death up to 28 days following live birth
Causes of neonatal death Congenital anomalies 33%
Preterm birth 29%
Antepartum bleed 10%
Maternal conditions
Labour or postnatal events
%s of neonatal death timing 60% in first 24 hours
23% in first 7 days
17% 7-28 days
Care for women experiencing neonatal death Usual maternal postnatal care
Fetal investigations
Debriefing for parents
Time with baby
Clothes & cot blankets
Plaster cast of feet and hands
Photos
Cot card
Memory box
Reporting responsibilities for miscarriage: diagnosed and birthed <20 weeks Birth not
registered or reportable
Burial/cremation not required - parents can make memorial arrangements
,Classification & responsibilities MW: NND diagnosed <20 weeks but birthed >20 weeks
Miscarriage
RBDM: no
PDCU: yes
Burial/cremation not required - parents may make memorial arrangements
Classification & responsibilities: NND diagnosed and occurred 20+ weeks/>400g Stillbirth
RBDM: yes
PDCU: yes
Burial/cremation required
What is the bi-parietal diameter? 9.5cm
What drugs are in an epidural? Fentanyl and bupivocaine/ropivocaine?
Causes of early decelerations? Head compression: contractions, VE, fundal pressure
Seen during fetal sleep periods or 2nd stage labour (more common)
Natural contraceptive methods Lactational amenorrhoea
Temperature monitoring
Cervical mucous monitoring
Calendar
What is lactational amenorrhea? Consistent breast feeding = prolactin = stops release of egg
FSH & LH: decrease
Only effective up to 6 months PP
, Benefits of lactational amenorrhea 98% effective when done properly for the first 6 months
No cost
Promotes BF
Disadvantages of lactational amenorrhoea May have BF difficulties
Only effective for 6 months
What is symptothermal contraception? Women use their basal body temperature (BBT)
AND
S&S of ovulation (SHOW cervix, egg white DC)
And avoid SI
Barrier contraceptive methods Condom
Femdom
Diaphragm
Combined hormonal contraception Oral combined pill (taken every day)
Nuva ring (changed every 3 weeks)
Not suitable for breastfeeding (oestrogen inhibits stimulation of prolactin)
Progesterone only contraception options Mini-pill
Injectable - depo provera every 12 weeks
Emergency contraception
Long acting reversible contraception IUD - copper
