APHON Chemotherapy Overview Questions and Answers Graded A+

APHON Chemotherapy Overview Questions and Answers Graded A+ Pre-clinical Studies - Answers purpose is to determine safe starting dose for humans Folic Acid - Answers Positive effect on kids w/ lymphoblastic leukemia Clinical trials - Answers comparing 2+ therapeutic tx in ctl setting to evaluate effect of intervention of specific disease/s Clinical Trial phase 1 - Answers how much can you handle before breakdown? determine max tolerated dose of drug or drug combo. ID dose-limiting toxicities: highest dose for which incidence of dose limiting toxicities is 33% Clinical Trial Phase 1 Patient - Answers advanced disease, good organ function, resistant to standard therapies Clinical Trial phase 2 - Answers determines efficacy of new agent in tx of specific cancer types and validate toxicity & dosage data. info r/t drug administration, acute toxicity, & supporting care Clinical Trial phase 2 Patient - Answers pt who show little to no response to prior tx usually selected w/ normal organ function, measurable tumor size, reasonable life expectancy & functional status. Includes pt who have not been treated w/ investigational drug Clinical Trial Phase 3 - Answers determine value of agent r/t existing tx. Measure response, toxicity, survival & QOL Clinical trial Phase 3 Patient - Answers large number of newly dx who receive tx and observed over long period of time Clinical Trial Phase 4 - Answers Occurs after agent is available in commercial market. Efforts to decrease AE, toxicity w/ acceptable cure rate. Focuses more on long term safety Institutional Review Board - Answers Ensures the rights/welfare of humans are protected, by signing informed consent and requires documentation of eligibility, tx, modifications, toxicities, and outcome informed consent - Answers requires enough information to make decisions consistent w/ cultural, spiritual, & psychosocial values. purpose/duration/procedures, participant rights, possible benefits, probable risks, alternative therapies, confidentiality stmt, stmt for voluntary participation nursing role - Answers verify consent, information provided, educational materials, radiographic/lab studies completed prior to tx, dose/schedule, drug rx, collect lab specimens, document start/stop times, pt response, instruct family to report rx pharmacokinetics - Answers movement of drug in body: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion. consider how it varies person to person and dose to dose wide therapeutic range - Answers dosage required to achieve efficacy in large % pt is lower than dosage expected to produce AE narrow therapeutic range - Answers ex. anticancer meds dosage required to achieve efficacy is not very much lower than dosage that may result in life-threatening toxicities or AE