PNB 2274 Exam 1 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED| LATEST UPDATE
GRADED A+
benefits of negative feedback loops prevents sudden and severe changes, counteracts
bodily disruption, self-terminating
what is a disadvantage for positive feedback loops it causes instability in the body
lactation is an example of positive feedback loop
stimulus in glucose homeostasis high blood glucose level
sensor in glucose homeostasis sulfonylurea receptor
integrator in glucose homeostasis beta cells in pancreas
output in glucose homeostasis insulin
effector in glucose homeostasis any somatic cells, muscle cells or liver cells
response in glucose homeostasis normalized glucose level
input signal in glucose homeostasis change in membrane potential due to an influx of Ca2+
to allow for insulin release
Structure of plasma membrane phospholipid bilayer, intra and extracellular matrix, micelles,
fluid mosaic model
,Function of plasma membrane selective permeability, barrier, gateway for exchange,
allowing for communication, sit e of attachment
micelles spherical bubbles of bilayer
phospholipid structure has a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head
two pathways for membrane transport paracellular and transcellular path
paracellular path between cells
transcellular path across or through the cell
function of pathways in membranes allow movement of ions and molecules across
membranes
Types of membrane transport passive or active
Types of passive transport diffusion, channel-mediated, carrier-mediated
Diffusion movement of ions or molecules down their concentration gradient (high-low)
Characteristic of passive transport does not have any energy input
characteristic of Active transport needs energy input via ATP and is not spontaneous
, Relation of heat and diffusion direct relation (heat increase, diffusion increase)
relation of size of molecule or viscosity to diffusion inversely related (they increase, diffusion
decrease)
Why are cells so close to a capillary? because diffusion is faster over shorter distances
Fick's Law of Diffusion flux = - (diffusion coefficient)(concentration gradient)
Osmosis diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane
facilitated diffusion providing a pathway for something to diffuse via channels or
transporters
bulk filtration all types of molecules flow in bulk in the same direction typically in response
to pressure
Types of Transporters channels, carriers, pumps
channels typically for ions, are a type of facilitated diffusion (passive)
classes of carriers uniporter (passive), symporter (active) , antiporter (active)
pumps use ATP to pump ions against concentration gradients
GRADED A+
benefits of negative feedback loops prevents sudden and severe changes, counteracts
bodily disruption, self-terminating
what is a disadvantage for positive feedback loops it causes instability in the body
lactation is an example of positive feedback loop
stimulus in glucose homeostasis high blood glucose level
sensor in glucose homeostasis sulfonylurea receptor
integrator in glucose homeostasis beta cells in pancreas
output in glucose homeostasis insulin
effector in glucose homeostasis any somatic cells, muscle cells or liver cells
response in glucose homeostasis normalized glucose level
input signal in glucose homeostasis change in membrane potential due to an influx of Ca2+
to allow for insulin release
Structure of plasma membrane phospholipid bilayer, intra and extracellular matrix, micelles,
fluid mosaic model
,Function of plasma membrane selective permeability, barrier, gateway for exchange,
allowing for communication, sit e of attachment
micelles spherical bubbles of bilayer
phospholipid structure has a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head
two pathways for membrane transport paracellular and transcellular path
paracellular path between cells
transcellular path across or through the cell
function of pathways in membranes allow movement of ions and molecules across
membranes
Types of membrane transport passive or active
Types of passive transport diffusion, channel-mediated, carrier-mediated
Diffusion movement of ions or molecules down their concentration gradient (high-low)
Characteristic of passive transport does not have any energy input
characteristic of Active transport needs energy input via ATP and is not spontaneous
, Relation of heat and diffusion direct relation (heat increase, diffusion increase)
relation of size of molecule or viscosity to diffusion inversely related (they increase, diffusion
decrease)
Why are cells so close to a capillary? because diffusion is faster over shorter distances
Fick's Law of Diffusion flux = - (diffusion coefficient)(concentration gradient)
Osmosis diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane
facilitated diffusion providing a pathway for something to diffuse via channels or
transporters
bulk filtration all types of molecules flow in bulk in the same direction typically in response
to pressure
Types of Transporters channels, carriers, pumps
channels typically for ions, are a type of facilitated diffusion (passive)
classes of carriers uniporter (passive), symporter (active) , antiporter (active)
pumps use ATP to pump ions against concentration gradients
