Erikson Psychological Development Theory Piaget Cognitive Development Theory
Stage Notes Stage Notes
0-12months 0-2 years
Trust develops with consistent care and Learn through senses and actions
T.M. Sensorimotor
nurturing. Development of object permanence
Trust vs. Mistrust
Mistrust develops with inconsistency or (objects exist even when not visible or
lack of care. audible)
1-3years 2-7years
A.S.
Autonomy develops when toddlers Preoperational Symbolic thinking
Autonomy vs.
explore and are encouraged. Egocentrism
Shame and Imitation (pretend play)
Shame/doubt develops with
Doubt
criticism or excessive control
3-6years Concrete 7-11years
Operational More logical, systematic, organized
I.G. Independence and exploration. Conservation and Reversibility: recognizing
Initiative vs. Guilt Guilt/anxiety if actions are disapproved that properties remain constant despite
by adults. changes in form/ability to revert actions
6-12years
Development of competence/sense of Formal 12+years
I.I. Operational Development of abstract, complex, and
accomplishment
Industry vs. systematic thinking skills
Inferiority and self-doubt, often due to
Inferiority
negative comparisons to peers
I.R.C. 12-19years
Identity vs. Role Exploration and shaping of personal
Confusion identity
Stage Notes Stage Notes
0-12months 0-2 years
Trust develops with consistent care and Learn through senses and actions
T.M. Sensorimotor
nurturing. Development of object permanence
Trust vs. Mistrust
Mistrust develops with inconsistency or (objects exist even when not visible or
lack of care. audible)
1-3years 2-7years
A.S.
Autonomy develops when toddlers Preoperational Symbolic thinking
Autonomy vs.
explore and are encouraged. Egocentrism
Shame and Imitation (pretend play)
Shame/doubt develops with
Doubt
criticism or excessive control
3-6years Concrete 7-11years
Operational More logical, systematic, organized
I.G. Independence and exploration. Conservation and Reversibility: recognizing
Initiative vs. Guilt Guilt/anxiety if actions are disapproved that properties remain constant despite
by adults. changes in form/ability to revert actions
6-12years
Development of competence/sense of Formal 12+years
I.I. Operational Development of abstract, complex, and
accomplishment
Industry vs. systematic thinking skills
Inferiority and self-doubt, often due to
Inferiority
negative comparisons to peers
I.R.C. 12-19years
Identity vs. Role Exploration and shaping of personal
Confusion identity
