Patho NSG 3370 Study Guide Exam 2
Questions And Already Passed Answers.
Ventilation - Answer Process of inspiration and expiration
Control of Ventilation - Answer Hypercapnia (primary)
Carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase.
Carbon dioxide easily diffuses into CSF.
-Hypoxemia (secondary)
Marked decrease in oxygen
Chemoreceptors respond.
Important control mechanism in individuals with chronic lung disease—move to hypoxic drive
Gas Exchange - Answer Flow of gases between the alveolar air and blood (external respiration)
Po2—partial pressure of oxygen
Pco2—partial pressure of carbon dioxide
Pneumonia - Answer Pneumonia (PNA) is a condition where the parenchyma of the lung
becomes inflamed.
Pulmonary parenchyma is a term that refers to the parts of the lungs involved in gas transfer.
Classification of Pneumonia - Answer cause: viral, bacterial, fungal
Lobar Pneumonia - Answer -bacterial.
-caused: Streptococcus pneumoniae
-Infection localized in one or more lobes
Manifestation of Lobar Pneumonia - Answer -Sudden onset
-Systemic signs:
High fever with chills, fatigue, leukocytosis
, Bronchopneumonia - Answer Diffuse pattern of infection in both lungs
Several species of microorganisms may be the cause.
Inflammatory exudate forms in alveoli
Pneumonia Treatment - Answer -treatment based on cause
-antibiotic, antiviral, and antifungal drugs are used
-Most cases of bacterial pneumonia can be treated at home with oral antibiotics
-Severe cases
--IV antibiotics (provide immediate treatment)
--Respiratory support and oxygen
Cystic Fibrosis - Answer seen in lungs & pancreas
--Mucus obstructs airflow in bronchioles and small bronchi.
Can cause atelectasis (alveolar deflation)
Permanent damage to bronchial walls
Cystic Fibrosis-continued - Answer ---Digestive tract
Blockage of pancreatic ducts
Obstruction of bile ducts
Salivary glands often mildly affected
----Reproductive tract
Obstruction of vas deferens (male)
Obstruction of cervix (female)
---Sweat glands
Sweat has high sodium chloride content.
Sign and Symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis - Answer ---Salty skin
May lead to performing sweat test and diagnosis of cystic fibrosis
---Signs of malabsorption
Steatorrhea, abdominal distention
Questions And Already Passed Answers.
Ventilation - Answer Process of inspiration and expiration
Control of Ventilation - Answer Hypercapnia (primary)
Carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase.
Carbon dioxide easily diffuses into CSF.
-Hypoxemia (secondary)
Marked decrease in oxygen
Chemoreceptors respond.
Important control mechanism in individuals with chronic lung disease—move to hypoxic drive
Gas Exchange - Answer Flow of gases between the alveolar air and blood (external respiration)
Po2—partial pressure of oxygen
Pco2—partial pressure of carbon dioxide
Pneumonia - Answer Pneumonia (PNA) is a condition where the parenchyma of the lung
becomes inflamed.
Pulmonary parenchyma is a term that refers to the parts of the lungs involved in gas transfer.
Classification of Pneumonia - Answer cause: viral, bacterial, fungal
Lobar Pneumonia - Answer -bacterial.
-caused: Streptococcus pneumoniae
-Infection localized in one or more lobes
Manifestation of Lobar Pneumonia - Answer -Sudden onset
-Systemic signs:
High fever with chills, fatigue, leukocytosis
, Bronchopneumonia - Answer Diffuse pattern of infection in both lungs
Several species of microorganisms may be the cause.
Inflammatory exudate forms in alveoli
Pneumonia Treatment - Answer -treatment based on cause
-antibiotic, antiviral, and antifungal drugs are used
-Most cases of bacterial pneumonia can be treated at home with oral antibiotics
-Severe cases
--IV antibiotics (provide immediate treatment)
--Respiratory support and oxygen
Cystic Fibrosis - Answer seen in lungs & pancreas
--Mucus obstructs airflow in bronchioles and small bronchi.
Can cause atelectasis (alveolar deflation)
Permanent damage to bronchial walls
Cystic Fibrosis-continued - Answer ---Digestive tract
Blockage of pancreatic ducts
Obstruction of bile ducts
Salivary glands often mildly affected
----Reproductive tract
Obstruction of vas deferens (male)
Obstruction of cervix (female)
---Sweat glands
Sweat has high sodium chloride content.
Sign and Symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis - Answer ---Salty skin
May lead to performing sweat test and diagnosis of cystic fibrosis
---Signs of malabsorption
Steatorrhea, abdominal distention
