Public Health Exam Cheatsheet 2025/26 | Verified,
Graded, and Pass Guaranteed
Health Promotion - Interventions done to help maintain and improve health
Health Behaviors - Attributes that contribute positively or negatively to overall health
Ecological Model - Defines, understands, changes behavior, and ultimately promotes
population-level health and wellness based on the biological, behavioral, physical, and social
aspects of health
Web of Causation - Illustrates the complexities of how illness, injury and disease are
determined by multiple causes (including a complex interaction of biological and
sociobehavioral determinants of health)
Causal Relationship - A direct or indirect relationship between two factors
Causality - Determining whether a cause and effect relationship exists between a risk
factor a health effect
Three Constants for EVERY Epidemiological Investigation - Person, place, and time
Environment - All of the external factors that can influence the host's vulnerability to the
risk factors related to a disease
Host - Susceptible human or animal
Agent - A biological, chemical, nutritive, physical, or psychological which contributes to
problems or disease
The Epidemiological Triangle - Agent, host, environment used to explain the occurrence
of disease
Genomics - The field of genetic epidemiology that helps to understand and explain
heritability of factors that can lead to disease
Three Major Categories of Risk Factors - Behavioral, environmental, and genetic
The Risk Factor Phase - Helps to link exposures to the occurrence of the injury/disease
and helps to identify risk factors that can be reduced to reduce morbidity and mortality of
disease
John Snow - The founder of modern epidemiology
, Florence Nightingale - The found of modern nursing
Sanitary Phase - Based on the Miasma theory, that illness was related to poisoning by
foul emanations from soil, air, and water
Communicable Disease Phase - Focused on a single cause of a disease, helped with
communicable diseases, antibiotics, and increased life expectancy
Epidemiology - Study of distribution of disease and injury in human populations
The Goal of Nursing - Helping people achieve optimal health
CDC Wonder - Provides online data sources, environment, mortality, population, sexually
transmitted morbidity, and vaccine adverse event reporting
FASTSTATS - Provides statistics on topics of public health importance
Vital Statistics Online Data Portal - Provides users with the ability to access vital statistics,
specifically birth and mortality data
Healthy People 2030 - Goals and an action plan for the Nation to improve health and
well-being of every person across the lifespan, created by the CDC and USDHHS
CDC - Created in 1946 to control malaria. Part of the USDHHS. Maintains research and a
national surveillance system. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
USDHHS - United States Department of Health and Human Services
WHO - Located in Geneva. Directs and coordinates international health within the United
Nations' system (World Health Organization)--the public health arm of the UN
UN - United Nations
United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals - Built to follow the MDGs, to end all
forms of poverty in all countries
International Health Regulations - Created by the WHO, sets requirements for how
countries must act when there are disease outbreaks and assists in reporting to the WHO
Global Health - Collaborative transnational research and action for promoting health for
all
Social Justice - Acting in accordance with fair treatment regardless of economic status,
race, ethnicity, citizenship, disability, or sexual orientation
Graded, and Pass Guaranteed
Health Promotion - Interventions done to help maintain and improve health
Health Behaviors - Attributes that contribute positively or negatively to overall health
Ecological Model - Defines, understands, changes behavior, and ultimately promotes
population-level health and wellness based on the biological, behavioral, physical, and social
aspects of health
Web of Causation - Illustrates the complexities of how illness, injury and disease are
determined by multiple causes (including a complex interaction of biological and
sociobehavioral determinants of health)
Causal Relationship - A direct or indirect relationship between two factors
Causality - Determining whether a cause and effect relationship exists between a risk
factor a health effect
Three Constants for EVERY Epidemiological Investigation - Person, place, and time
Environment - All of the external factors that can influence the host's vulnerability to the
risk factors related to a disease
Host - Susceptible human or animal
Agent - A biological, chemical, nutritive, physical, or psychological which contributes to
problems or disease
The Epidemiological Triangle - Agent, host, environment used to explain the occurrence
of disease
Genomics - The field of genetic epidemiology that helps to understand and explain
heritability of factors that can lead to disease
Three Major Categories of Risk Factors - Behavioral, environmental, and genetic
The Risk Factor Phase - Helps to link exposures to the occurrence of the injury/disease
and helps to identify risk factors that can be reduced to reduce morbidity and mortality of
disease
John Snow - The founder of modern epidemiology
, Florence Nightingale - The found of modern nursing
Sanitary Phase - Based on the Miasma theory, that illness was related to poisoning by
foul emanations from soil, air, and water
Communicable Disease Phase - Focused on a single cause of a disease, helped with
communicable diseases, antibiotics, and increased life expectancy
Epidemiology - Study of distribution of disease and injury in human populations
The Goal of Nursing - Helping people achieve optimal health
CDC Wonder - Provides online data sources, environment, mortality, population, sexually
transmitted morbidity, and vaccine adverse event reporting
FASTSTATS - Provides statistics on topics of public health importance
Vital Statistics Online Data Portal - Provides users with the ability to access vital statistics,
specifically birth and mortality data
Healthy People 2030 - Goals and an action plan for the Nation to improve health and
well-being of every person across the lifespan, created by the CDC and USDHHS
CDC - Created in 1946 to control malaria. Part of the USDHHS. Maintains research and a
national surveillance system. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
USDHHS - United States Department of Health and Human Services
WHO - Located in Geneva. Directs and coordinates international health within the United
Nations' system (World Health Organization)--the public health arm of the UN
UN - United Nations
United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals - Built to follow the MDGs, to end all
forms of poverty in all countries
International Health Regulations - Created by the WHO, sets requirements for how
countries must act when there are disease outbreaks and assists in reporting to the WHO
Global Health - Collaborative transnational research and action for promoting health for
all
Social Justice - Acting in accordance with fair treatment regardless of economic status,
race, ethnicity, citizenship, disability, or sexual orientation
