BIOD 151: MODULE 3 – EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ FIRST CLASS PASS 2025

BIOD 151: MODULE 3 – EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ FIRST CLASS PASS 2025 BIOD 151: MODULE 3 – EXAM QUESTIONS 2025   BIOD 151: MODULE 3 – EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ FIRST CLASS PASS 2025 Name the two main divisions of the digestive system organs. - correct answer Those of the alimentary canal and the accessory digestive organs. Name the seven parts of the gastrointestinal tract. - correct answer Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. Name the six digestive system accessory organs. - correct answer Teeth, tongue, gallbladder, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas. What structures respectively form these parts of the mouth? a. Opening b. Floor c. Walls d. Roof - correct answer a. Opening = Lips b. Floor = Tongue c. Walls = Cheeks d. Roof = Hard/soft palates List the two bones and the membrane to which the tongue is attached. - correct answer The tongue is attached to the hyoid bone and the mandible and the membranous lingual frenulum. How many teeth are there in an adult human and what do they do? - correct answer There are 32 teeth in the human mouth. Together they work to tear, crush and grind food to mechanically digest food. What are the four types of teeth, how many of each type are there and what does each type do? - correct answer PER 1/2 JAW: 2 chisel-shaped incisors for biting; 1 pointed canine for tearing; 2 fairly flat pre-molars for grinding; 3 flat molars for crushing What is the specific function of the salivary gland in the process of digestion? - correct answer Food is mixed and moistened with saliva (from the salivary glands) containing enzymes that begin the process of chemical digestion by breaking down starches. Where are taste buds located? - correct answer Taste buds are found primarily on the tongue (circumvallate and fungiform papillae) but also on the surface of the mouth and the wall of the pharynx. Describe the function of the tongue in the digestive process. - correct answer The tongue grips the food, constantly repositions it between the teeth and forms it into a compact mass, which is pushed back to the pharynx to begin the process of swallowing. What is a bolus? - correct answer A bolus is the compact mass of food formed by the combination of chewing by the teeth and repositioning by the tongue. List the 3 parts of the pharynx. - correct answer The pharynx is made up of three parts: the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx. Through what sections of the pharynx does air travel? - correct answer Air enters the nose, continues through the nasopharynx, oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. Air then enters the trachea on its way to the lungs. Through what sections of the pharynx does food travel? - correct answer Food and liquid enter the mouth, continue through the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx, and then continue into the esophagus. What prevents food from entering the lungs and why is this necessary? - correct answer Food is prevented from entering the larynx by the epiglottis, a flap of elastic cartilage which covers the larynx when swallowing food or liquid to prevent aspiration. Describe how the muscular layers in the pharynx assist with food passage. - correct answer The pharynx has two types of skeletal muscles; a circumferential outer layer and an inner longitudinal layer which contract alternatively, squeezing food into the esophagus. List and describe the tissue layers of the esophagus. - correct answer The esophagus contains 4 layers of tissue: 1. The innermost layer is the mucosa, which secretes mucus into the gastrointestinal tract 2. The second layer is the submucosa, which contains blood and lymph vessels, lymph nodes, nerves, and mucous glands 3. The third layer is the muscularis externa, which is made of two layers of muscle: the outer longitudinal fibers and inner circumferential fibers 4. The outermost layer is the serosa, which is made up of cells that make serous fluid Explain peristalsis. - correct answer Peristalsis is the squeezing of food through the GI tract by the alternating contraction of the sets of longitudinal and circumferential muscles. What are the three main divisions of a tooth? - correct answer Each tooth is made of three main parts: the crown, the neck and the root.