ATI Advanced Med-Surg Exam with Complete Solution 2025 Rated A+

1. A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has diverticulitis about preventing acute attacks. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? a. Foods high in Vitamin C b. Foods low in fat c. Foods high in fiber d. Foods low in calories 2. A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 days postoperative following gastric surgery and has an NG tube inserted. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Dryness of mucous membranes b. Hypoactive bowel sounds in all quadrants c. 200 mL of bright red drainage from the NG tube d. Suction set at continuous low suction 3. A community health nurse is planning an educational program about hepatitis A. When preparing the materials, the nurse should identify that which of the following groups is most at risk for developing hepatitis A? a. Children b. Older adults c. Women who are pregnant d. Middle-aged men 4. A nurse is caring for a client who is dehydrated and is receiving continuous tube feeding through a pump at 75 mL/hr. When the nurse assesses the client at 0800, which of the following findings requires intervention? a. A full pitcher of water is sitting on the client’s bedside table within the client’s reach b. The disposable feeding bag is from the previous day at 1000 and contains 200 mL of feeding c. The client is lying on the right side with a visible dependent loop in the feeding tube d. The head of the bed is elevated to 20 degrees 5. A nurse is caring for a client who is 3 days postoperative following abdominal surgery. The client states, "Something just popped when I coughed." Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Cove the client’s wound with a sterile moist dressing b. Flex the client’s knees c. Reassure the client d. Instruct the client to avoid coughing 6. A nurse is providing teaching about nutrients to a client. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? a. Carbohydrates transport nutrients throughout the body b. Fats prevent ketosis c. Protein builds and repairs body tissue d. Carbohydrates help regulate body temperature 7. A nurse is caring for a client who has celiac disease. Which of the following foods should the nurse remove from the client’s meal tray? a. Wheat toast b. Tapioca pudding c. Hard-boiled egg d. Mashed potatoes 8. A nurse is assessing a client who was admitted with a bowel obstruction. The client reports severe abdominal pain. Which of the following findings indicates that a possible bowel perforation has occurred? a. Elevated blood pressure b. Bowel sounds increased in frequency and pitch c. Rigid abdomen d. Emesis of undigested food 9. A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis. The provider prescribes bed rest with bathroom privileges. When the client asks the nurse why he has to stay in bed, which of the following responses should the nurse provide? a. You need to conserve energy at this time b. Lying quietly in bed helps slow down the activity in your intestines c. Staying in bed promotes the rest and comfort you need d. Staying in bed will help prevent injury and minimize your fall risk 10. A nurse is teaching dietary-modification strategies to a client who has been newly diagnosed with cirrhosis. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? a. Grilled Chicken b. Potato Soup c. Fish Sticks d. Baked Ham 11. A nurse is caring for a client who is 2 days postoperative following a gastric bypass. The nurse notes that bowel sounds are present. Which of the following foods should the nurse provide at the initial feeding? a. Vanilla pudding b. Apple juice c. Diet ginger ale d. Clear liquids 12. A nurse is caring for a client who has gastrointestinal bleeding. The provider suspects a bleeding lesion in the colon. The initial approach to treatment likely will involve which of the following procedures? a. Exploratory laparotomy b. Double-contrast barium enema c. Magnetic resonance imaging d. Colonoscopy 13. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the partner of a client who has a new diagnosis of hepatitis A. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. During this illness, she may take acetaminophen for fevers of discomfort b. Encourage her to eat foods that are high in carbohydrates c. The provider will prescribe a medication to help her liver heal faster. d. Have her perform moderate exercise to restore her strength more quickly 14. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for a sigmoid colon resection with colostomy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? a. Because most of my colon is still intact and functioning, my stool will be formed b. My stoma will appear large at first, but it will shrink over the next several weeks. c. My colostomy will begin to function in 2 to 6 days after surgery d. I’ll have to consume a sof t diet after surgery 15. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Use bismuth subsalicylate regularly b. Consume a low fiber diet c. Eat yogurt with live cultures d. Use bisacodyl suppositories regularly 16. A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client who will undergo surgery to create a temporary colostomy. The client asks the nurse about the difference between colostomies and ileostomies. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. A colostomy drains stool, and ileostomy drains urine b. A colostomy is temporary, and an ileostomy is permanent c. A colostomy is from the large intestine and an ileostomy is from the small intestine d. An ileostomy requires dietary restrictions, while a colostomy does not 17. A nurse is teaching a client who has a colostomy about ways to reduce flatus and odor. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include? a. Eat crackers and yogurt regularly b. Chew minty gum throughout the day c. Drink Orange juice every day d. Put an aspirin in the pouch 18. A nurse is caring for a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Place the drainage bag on the client’s abdomen when transferring from bed to cart b. Empty the drainage bag when half-full of urine c. Rest the drainage bag on the floor when closing the drainage spigot during emptying d. Disconnect the drainage bag when obtaining a urine specimen 19. A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to undergo a liver biopsy for a suspected malignancy. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse monitor prior to the procedure? a. Prothrombin time b. Serum lipase c. Bilirubin d. Calcium 20. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy and has just returned to the room following physical therapy. The nurse notes that the infusion pump for the client’s TPN is turned off. After restarting the infusion pump, the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings? a. Hypertension b. Excessive thirst c. Fever d. Diaphoresis 21. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy and has just returned to the room following physical therapy. The nurse notes that the infusion pump for the client’s TPN is turned off. After restarting the infusion pump, the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings? a. Avoid foods containing protein b. Drink liquids during each meal c. Eat foods that contain simple sugars d. Maintain a supine position after meals