PHARMACOLOGY ASSESSMENT A
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025
REVISED AND GRADED A+.
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and has a new
prescription for baclofen. Which of the following findings indicates to the
nurse that the medication is having a therapeutic effect?
A) Decreased muscle spasticity
The nurse should identify that baclofen is an antispasmodic that decreases
muscle spasticity in a client who has multiple sclerosis.
B) Increased urinary output
Urinary frequency is an adverse effect of baclofen rather than a therapeutic
effect.
C) Increased mental alertness
Baclofen is an antispasmodic that can cause CNS adverse effects, such as
drowsiness, fatigue, and confusion, and does not produce an increase in
the client's mental alertness as a therapeutic effect.
D) Decreased heart rate
Baclofen is an antispasmodic and does not decrease the client's heart rate
as a therapeutic effect. - Precise answer A) Decreased muscle spasticity
The nurse should identify that baclofen is an antispasmodic that decreases
muscle spasticity in a client who has multiple sclerosis.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking ferrous sulfate orally.
Which of the following findings reported by the client should indicate to the
nurse that the medication is having a therapeutic effect?
A) Passage of a soft, formed stool daily
Passing a soft, formed stool is not an indication the medication is having a
therapeutic effect. Ferrous sulfate can cause constipation.
B) Decreased number of viral illnesses
A decreased number of viral illnesses is not an indication the ferrous
sulfate is having a therapeutic effect.
C) Improved ability to fall asleep
An improved ability to fall asleep is not an indication the ferrous sulfate is
having a therapeutic effect.
,D) Increased tolerance to exercise
The client who takes ferrous sulfate, which is used to treat iron-deficiency
anemia, can have fatigue and shortness of breath due to a low hemoglobin
level. An increased tolerance to exercise is an indication - Precise answer
D) Increased tolerance to exercise
The client who takes ferrous sulfate, which is used to treat iron-deficiency
anemia, can have fatigue and shortness of breath due to a low hemoglobin
level. An increased tolerance to exercise is an indication the ferrous sulfate
is having a therapeutic effect. Increased tolerance to exercise occurs when
the hemoglobin level increases, allowing more oxygen to be carried to the
vital organs and tissue.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is asking about taking celecoxib
for treatment of joint pain. The nurse should identify that which of the
following findings is a contraindication to receiving celecoxib?
A) Hyperglycemia
Celecoxib is not contraindicated for a client who has hyperglycemia.
B) Allergy to penicillin
Celecoxib can cause hypersensitivity reactions in clients who are allergic to
sulfonamides or salicylates rather than penicillin.
C) History of myocardial infarction
Celecoxib increases the risk of myocardial infarction caused by increased
vasoconstriction and unimpeded platelet aggregation. It is contraindicated
for a client who has a history of myocardial infarction or heart disease.
D) Peptic ulcer disease
Celecoxib should be used with caution for clients who have peptic ulcer
disease; however, it is not contraindicated. - Precise answer C) History of
myocardial infarction
Celecoxib increases the risk of myocardial infarction caused by increased
vasoconstriction and unimpeded platelet aggregation. It is contraindicated
for a client who has a history of myocardial infarction or heart disease.
A client comes to an urgent care clinic and announces with great
enthusiasm, "I am an expert at all things medical as they apply to me, and I
require zolpidem." The client's pupils are dilated, along with an elevated
heart rate and blood pressure level. The nurse should suspect intoxication
with which of the following substances?
A) Alcohol
, The client who has alcohol intoxication typically has slurred speech,
drowsiness, impaired judgment, irritability, and decreased blood pressure.
B) Cocaine
The client who has cocaine intoxication typically has tachycardia, elevated
blood pressure, dilated pupils, and displays delusions. This client's
behavior and physiological data indicate cocaine intoxication.
C) Barbiturates
The client who has barbiturate toxicity typically has respiratory depression,
constricted pupils, drowsiness, impaired judgment, irritability, and
decreased blood pressure.
D) Heroin
The client who has her - Precise answer B) Cocaine
The client who has cocaine intoxication typically has tachycardia, elevated
blood pressure, dilated pupils, and displays delusions. This client's
behavior and physiological data indicate cocaine intoxication.
A nurse is planning to administer metoprolol to a client who has heart
failure and a heart rate of 48/min. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
A) Ambulate the client before administering the medication.
A client who has a heart rate of 50/min or below can become hypotensive.
Therefore, ambulating can increase the client's risk of falling. However, the
nurse should not administer this medication because of the client's
bradycardia.
B) Give the medication when the client has an empty stomach.
The nurse should administer the medication to the client with meals or
immediately after meals. This medication can mask manifestations of
hypoglycemia if the client has diabetes.
C) Administer one-half of the client's prescribed dose.
The nurse should notify the provider of the client's heart rate to determine
when to administer the next dose or if a decrease in the dosage is needed.
D) Withhold the client's - Precise answer D) Withhold the client's
medication.
The nurse should withhold the metoprolol when the client's heart rate is
50/min or less and notify the provider.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving 0.9% sodium chloride 1,000
mL to infuse over 8 hr. The drop factor on the manual IV tubing is 15
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025
REVISED AND GRADED A+.
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and has a new
prescription for baclofen. Which of the following findings indicates to the
nurse that the medication is having a therapeutic effect?
A) Decreased muscle spasticity
The nurse should identify that baclofen is an antispasmodic that decreases
muscle spasticity in a client who has multiple sclerosis.
B) Increased urinary output
Urinary frequency is an adverse effect of baclofen rather than a therapeutic
effect.
C) Increased mental alertness
Baclofen is an antispasmodic that can cause CNS adverse effects, such as
drowsiness, fatigue, and confusion, and does not produce an increase in
the client's mental alertness as a therapeutic effect.
D) Decreased heart rate
Baclofen is an antispasmodic and does not decrease the client's heart rate
as a therapeutic effect. - Precise answer A) Decreased muscle spasticity
The nurse should identify that baclofen is an antispasmodic that decreases
muscle spasticity in a client who has multiple sclerosis.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking ferrous sulfate orally.
Which of the following findings reported by the client should indicate to the
nurse that the medication is having a therapeutic effect?
A) Passage of a soft, formed stool daily
Passing a soft, formed stool is not an indication the medication is having a
therapeutic effect. Ferrous sulfate can cause constipation.
B) Decreased number of viral illnesses
A decreased number of viral illnesses is not an indication the ferrous
sulfate is having a therapeutic effect.
C) Improved ability to fall asleep
An improved ability to fall asleep is not an indication the ferrous sulfate is
having a therapeutic effect.
,D) Increased tolerance to exercise
The client who takes ferrous sulfate, which is used to treat iron-deficiency
anemia, can have fatigue and shortness of breath due to a low hemoglobin
level. An increased tolerance to exercise is an indication - Precise answer
D) Increased tolerance to exercise
The client who takes ferrous sulfate, which is used to treat iron-deficiency
anemia, can have fatigue and shortness of breath due to a low hemoglobin
level. An increased tolerance to exercise is an indication the ferrous sulfate
is having a therapeutic effect. Increased tolerance to exercise occurs when
the hemoglobin level increases, allowing more oxygen to be carried to the
vital organs and tissue.
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is asking about taking celecoxib
for treatment of joint pain. The nurse should identify that which of the
following findings is a contraindication to receiving celecoxib?
A) Hyperglycemia
Celecoxib is not contraindicated for a client who has hyperglycemia.
B) Allergy to penicillin
Celecoxib can cause hypersensitivity reactions in clients who are allergic to
sulfonamides or salicylates rather than penicillin.
C) History of myocardial infarction
Celecoxib increases the risk of myocardial infarction caused by increased
vasoconstriction and unimpeded platelet aggregation. It is contraindicated
for a client who has a history of myocardial infarction or heart disease.
D) Peptic ulcer disease
Celecoxib should be used with caution for clients who have peptic ulcer
disease; however, it is not contraindicated. - Precise answer C) History of
myocardial infarction
Celecoxib increases the risk of myocardial infarction caused by increased
vasoconstriction and unimpeded platelet aggregation. It is contraindicated
for a client who has a history of myocardial infarction or heart disease.
A client comes to an urgent care clinic and announces with great
enthusiasm, "I am an expert at all things medical as they apply to me, and I
require zolpidem." The client's pupils are dilated, along with an elevated
heart rate and blood pressure level. The nurse should suspect intoxication
with which of the following substances?
A) Alcohol
, The client who has alcohol intoxication typically has slurred speech,
drowsiness, impaired judgment, irritability, and decreased blood pressure.
B) Cocaine
The client who has cocaine intoxication typically has tachycardia, elevated
blood pressure, dilated pupils, and displays delusions. This client's
behavior and physiological data indicate cocaine intoxication.
C) Barbiturates
The client who has barbiturate toxicity typically has respiratory depression,
constricted pupils, drowsiness, impaired judgment, irritability, and
decreased blood pressure.
D) Heroin
The client who has her - Precise answer B) Cocaine
The client who has cocaine intoxication typically has tachycardia, elevated
blood pressure, dilated pupils, and displays delusions. This client's
behavior and physiological data indicate cocaine intoxication.
A nurse is planning to administer metoprolol to a client who has heart
failure and a heart rate of 48/min. Which of the following actions should the
nurse take?
A) Ambulate the client before administering the medication.
A client who has a heart rate of 50/min or below can become hypotensive.
Therefore, ambulating can increase the client's risk of falling. However, the
nurse should not administer this medication because of the client's
bradycardia.
B) Give the medication when the client has an empty stomach.
The nurse should administer the medication to the client with meals or
immediately after meals. This medication can mask manifestations of
hypoglycemia if the client has diabetes.
C) Administer one-half of the client's prescribed dose.
The nurse should notify the provider of the client's heart rate to determine
when to administer the next dose or if a decrease in the dosage is needed.
D) Withhold the client's - Precise answer D) Withhold the client's
medication.
The nurse should withhold the metoprolol when the client's heart rate is
50/min or less and notify the provider.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving 0.9% sodium chloride 1,000
mL to infuse over 8 hr. The drop factor on the manual IV tubing is 15
