BIOD 101 MODULE 1 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS (RATED A+)
What is matter, and what states can it exist in? - ANSWERMatter is anything that
takes up space by having volume and mass. It can exist in solid, liquid, or gaseous
states.
Explain the difference between essential and trace elements. - ANSWEREssential
elements are required for human life. Trace elements are required only in small
quantities.
Why are lipids insoluble in water - ANSWERThey are made of mostly non-polar
hydrocarbon chains. Water can only dissolve other polar or ionically bonded
substances.
Two major types of nucleic acids - ANSWERDNA and RNA
What is the role of DNA - ANSWERcontains a vast amount of hereditary information
and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms
What is the role of RNA - ANSWERresponsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins
Describe the structure of DNA and RNA - ANSWERboth exist as a chain of
nucleotides where the sugar of one nucleotide is linked to the phosphate of the next,
while the nitrogenous base protrudes from each sugar in the string. The former forms
a double chain held together by hydrogen bonds while the latter is a single chain of
nucleotides
Prokaryotic Cells - ANSWERsimple cells with three defining characteristics: size,
non-enclosed genetic material, and lack of organelles and other internal membrane-
bound structures
Eukaryotic cells - ANSWERMore complex and composes most organisms. Much
larger, posess a nuclear membrane, and contain membrane-bound organelles
Ribosomes - ANSWERComplexes of tiny manufacturing plants that assemble
proteins
Nucleus - ANSWERControl center of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWERModifies and transports proteins
ANSWERS (RATED A+)
What is matter, and what states can it exist in? - ANSWERMatter is anything that
takes up space by having volume and mass. It can exist in solid, liquid, or gaseous
states.
Explain the difference between essential and trace elements. - ANSWEREssential
elements are required for human life. Trace elements are required only in small
quantities.
Why are lipids insoluble in water - ANSWERThey are made of mostly non-polar
hydrocarbon chains. Water can only dissolve other polar or ionically bonded
substances.
Two major types of nucleic acids - ANSWERDNA and RNA
What is the role of DNA - ANSWERcontains a vast amount of hereditary information
and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms
What is the role of RNA - ANSWERresponsible for deciphering the hereditary
information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins
Describe the structure of DNA and RNA - ANSWERboth exist as a chain of
nucleotides where the sugar of one nucleotide is linked to the phosphate of the next,
while the nitrogenous base protrudes from each sugar in the string. The former forms
a double chain held together by hydrogen bonds while the latter is a single chain of
nucleotides
Prokaryotic Cells - ANSWERsimple cells with three defining characteristics: size,
non-enclosed genetic material, and lack of organelles and other internal membrane-
bound structures
Eukaryotic cells - ANSWERMore complex and composes most organisms. Much
larger, posess a nuclear membrane, and contain membrane-bound organelles
Ribosomes - ANSWERComplexes of tiny manufacturing plants that assemble
proteins
Nucleus - ANSWERControl center of the cell
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWERModifies and transports proteins
