BIOL 2117 Exam 1 Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update 2025
Robert Hooke - Answers - Observed the first cells
- observed a cork through a crude microscope in 1665.
Antin Van Leeuwenhoek - Answers Observed the first microorganisms
What are some functions/applications of microbes? - Answers - Sewage Treatment to recycle water.
- Bio-remediation to clean up pollutants.
- Insect control and modern biotechnology.
- Recombinant DNA technology
Carolus Linnaeus - Answers Established the first system of scientific nomenclature.
What are the rules for binomial nomenclature? - Answers 1. The scientific name always consists of two
words (The genus & Species).
2. All scientific names are in Latin and Italicized.
3. The genus name is ALWAYS capitalized and the species name is NEVER capitalized.
What are the 3 domains? - Answers Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
What are the four Kingdoms? - Answers Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals.
Protists - Answers Single celled or multi-cellular, autotrophs or heterotrophs, most are microscopic,
some are animal like, some are like plants, some are like fungus.
Fungi - Answers Absorptive Heterotrophs - get nutrients from eating other organisms, but they digest it
outside of their bodies then absorb the nutrients, are multi-cellular, and have cell walls of chitin.
Plants - Answers Autotrophs, have chlorophyll and go through photosynthesis for energy, have cell
walls.
Animal - Answers Heterotrophs, ingest food before they digest, multi-cellular, no cell wall, no
photosynthesis or chlorophyll, go through cellular respiration for energy.
What are the 7 types of microorganisms? - Answers Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Protozoa, Algae, Virsuses,
Multi-Cellular Animal Parasites.
Bacteria - Answers Simple, single-celled organisms with no nucleus, reproduce by binary fission;
Prokaryotes.
Archaea - Answers Prokaryotic cells with cell walls, but lack peptidoglycan; found in extreme
environments.
, Fungi - Answers Eukaryotes whose cells have a distinct nucleus containing DNA surrounded by a nuclear
membrane: cell walls containing chitin.
Protozoa - Answers unicellular, eukaryotic microbes with flagella or cilia; some are photosynthetic; have
both asexual and sexual reproductive forms.
Algae - Answers Photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide variety of shapes and have both sexual and
asexual reproductive forms; cell walls are composed of cellulose; play an important role in the balance
of nature.
Viruses - Answers a small, simple, acellular structure made only of one type of nucleic acid, either DNA
or RNA ; parasites from other forms of life; not considered living because they are inert outside living
hosts.
Multi-cellular ANIMAL parasites - Answers Eukaryotes of parasitic worms, flatworms, and roundworms
collectively called Helminths.
Biogenesis - Answers living cells arise only from pre-existing living cells.
Spontaneous Generation - Answers some forms of life could arise spontaneously from non-living matter.
Louis Pasteur - Answers Famous for Pasteurization and Fermentation
- developed Germ Theory of disease
Robert Koch - Answers postulates which is a sequence of experimental steps for directly relating a
specific microbe to a specific disease
edward jenner - Answers developed the first vaccine; small pox vaccine
alexander flemming - Answers accidently discovers penicillin in 1928
biotechnology - Answers the industrial application of microorganisms, cells, or cell components to make
a useful product.
Recombinant DNA - Answers a DNA molecule prodiced by combining DNA from 2 different sources
bioremediation - Answers the use of microbes to remove and environmental pollutant
normal microbiota - Answers they are a variety of microorganisms that are on and inside our bodies.
they fincgtion to protect us against disease, produce vitamin B and K, prevention of the overgrowth of
harmful microbes.
Biofilm - Answers a complex aggregation of microbes that create a slimy film as protection.
what are the basci building blocks of all cells - Answers nucleic acids
Robert Hooke - Answers - Observed the first cells
- observed a cork through a crude microscope in 1665.
Antin Van Leeuwenhoek - Answers Observed the first microorganisms
What are some functions/applications of microbes? - Answers - Sewage Treatment to recycle water.
- Bio-remediation to clean up pollutants.
- Insect control and modern biotechnology.
- Recombinant DNA technology
Carolus Linnaeus - Answers Established the first system of scientific nomenclature.
What are the rules for binomial nomenclature? - Answers 1. The scientific name always consists of two
words (The genus & Species).
2. All scientific names are in Latin and Italicized.
3. The genus name is ALWAYS capitalized and the species name is NEVER capitalized.
What are the 3 domains? - Answers Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
What are the four Kingdoms? - Answers Protists, Fungi, Plants, and Animals.
Protists - Answers Single celled or multi-cellular, autotrophs or heterotrophs, most are microscopic,
some are animal like, some are like plants, some are like fungus.
Fungi - Answers Absorptive Heterotrophs - get nutrients from eating other organisms, but they digest it
outside of their bodies then absorb the nutrients, are multi-cellular, and have cell walls of chitin.
Plants - Answers Autotrophs, have chlorophyll and go through photosynthesis for energy, have cell
walls.
Animal - Answers Heterotrophs, ingest food before they digest, multi-cellular, no cell wall, no
photosynthesis or chlorophyll, go through cellular respiration for energy.
What are the 7 types of microorganisms? - Answers Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi, Protozoa, Algae, Virsuses,
Multi-Cellular Animal Parasites.
Bacteria - Answers Simple, single-celled organisms with no nucleus, reproduce by binary fission;
Prokaryotes.
Archaea - Answers Prokaryotic cells with cell walls, but lack peptidoglycan; found in extreme
environments.
, Fungi - Answers Eukaryotes whose cells have a distinct nucleus containing DNA surrounded by a nuclear
membrane: cell walls containing chitin.
Protozoa - Answers unicellular, eukaryotic microbes with flagella or cilia; some are photosynthetic; have
both asexual and sexual reproductive forms.
Algae - Answers Photosynthetic eukaryotes with a wide variety of shapes and have both sexual and
asexual reproductive forms; cell walls are composed of cellulose; play an important role in the balance
of nature.
Viruses - Answers a small, simple, acellular structure made only of one type of nucleic acid, either DNA
or RNA ; parasites from other forms of life; not considered living because they are inert outside living
hosts.
Multi-cellular ANIMAL parasites - Answers Eukaryotes of parasitic worms, flatworms, and roundworms
collectively called Helminths.
Biogenesis - Answers living cells arise only from pre-existing living cells.
Spontaneous Generation - Answers some forms of life could arise spontaneously from non-living matter.
Louis Pasteur - Answers Famous for Pasteurization and Fermentation
- developed Germ Theory of disease
Robert Koch - Answers postulates which is a sequence of experimental steps for directly relating a
specific microbe to a specific disease
edward jenner - Answers developed the first vaccine; small pox vaccine
alexander flemming - Answers accidently discovers penicillin in 1928
biotechnology - Answers the industrial application of microorganisms, cells, or cell components to make
a useful product.
Recombinant DNA - Answers a DNA molecule prodiced by combining DNA from 2 different sources
bioremediation - Answers the use of microbes to remove and environmental pollutant
normal microbiota - Answers they are a variety of microorganisms that are on and inside our bodies.
they fincgtion to protect us against disease, produce vitamin B and K, prevention of the overgrowth of
harmful microbes.
Biofilm - Answers a complex aggregation of microbes that create a slimy film as protection.
what are the basci building blocks of all cells - Answers nucleic acids
