NUR 2038 Final Exam Questions with Complete Solutions 100% Verified| Latest
Update Graded A+
What are the clotting factors of the liver? fibrinogen, prothrombin
What are the fat soluble vitamins? A, D, E, K
What is hepcidin? iron regulating peptide hormone
What are the common signs and symptoms of liver disease? anorexia, weight loss,
weakness, fatigue, possible osteoporosis from vitamin D malabsorption
Liver disease is most often silent until what? client decompensates
What are some clinical assessments that should be performed if a client has liver disease?
jaundice of the eyes, gastrointestinal bleeding, RUQ aching, pruritus, coagulopathy,
increased abdominal girth, mental status changes, constipation, diarrhea
Irreversible tight scarring of the liver caused by a chronic reaction to hepatic inflammation and
necrosis cirrhosis
What are the causes of cirrhosis of the liver? chronic alcoholism, chronic hepatits B and C,
NASH, bile duct disease, genetic diseases
Can nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) be cured? no (alter lifestyle)
What characterizes chronic hepatitis? liver inflamed for 6 months or more
,What is NASH caused by? build up of fat in the liver
What are the risk factors for NASH? obesity, gastric bypass, diabetes, high cholesterol
increase in pressure within the portal vein and result from increased resistance and obstruction
of blood flow through the portal vein and branches portal vein hypertension
In portal vein hypertension, blood flows back into the spleen causing what? splenomegaly
What are the effects of portal vein hypertension? esophageal varices, caput medusae,
ascites, splenomegaly
Dilated veins around the umbilicus, associated with cirrhosis of the liver. caput medusae
swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus that are at risk for bursting (MEDICAL
EMERGANCY) esophageal varices
Portal vein hypertension causes what three conditions? increased pressure in peritoneal
capillaries, splenomegaly, portosystemic shunting of blood
increased pressure in peritoneal capillaries causes what? ascites
Splenomegaly causes what from portal vein hypertension? anemia, leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia
the bodies what of trying to produce vessels and veins in the liver is called what? portal
systemic collaterals
, How is ascites developed? liver is clogged, blood pools, decreased blood volume, activation
of neurohormonal systems, sodium and water retention
What is a complex result of cirrhosis of the liver? hepatic encephalopathy
Is hepatic encephalopathy reversible? yes in early stages
When is hepatic encephalopathy usually diagnosed? in later stages due to build up of toxins
and slow progression
What factors lead to hepatic encephalopathy? high protein diet, infection, constipation,
hypocalcemia, GI bleeds, drugs
What are the assessments of hepatic encephalopathy? SAFETY, sleep/mood disturbance,
mental status change, speech problems, altered LOC, impaired thinking, neuromuscular
problems
What is the treatment for hepatic encephalopathy? nasogastric lavage, lactulose, enemas,
neomycin sulfate and antibacterials
What is the goal of giving lactulose to a patient with hepatic encephalopathy? decrease
ammonium levels through stool
How would you diagnose hepatic encephalopathy? vital signs, volume status, evaluate for GI
bleed, eliminate sedatives, assess for hypoxia, hypoglycemia, anemia, hypokalemia, metabolic
alkalosis
Update Graded A+
What are the clotting factors of the liver? fibrinogen, prothrombin
What are the fat soluble vitamins? A, D, E, K
What is hepcidin? iron regulating peptide hormone
What are the common signs and symptoms of liver disease? anorexia, weight loss,
weakness, fatigue, possible osteoporosis from vitamin D malabsorption
Liver disease is most often silent until what? client decompensates
What are some clinical assessments that should be performed if a client has liver disease?
jaundice of the eyes, gastrointestinal bleeding, RUQ aching, pruritus, coagulopathy,
increased abdominal girth, mental status changes, constipation, diarrhea
Irreversible tight scarring of the liver caused by a chronic reaction to hepatic inflammation and
necrosis cirrhosis
What are the causes of cirrhosis of the liver? chronic alcoholism, chronic hepatits B and C,
NASH, bile duct disease, genetic diseases
Can nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) be cured? no (alter lifestyle)
What characterizes chronic hepatitis? liver inflamed for 6 months or more
,What is NASH caused by? build up of fat in the liver
What are the risk factors for NASH? obesity, gastric bypass, diabetes, high cholesterol
increase in pressure within the portal vein and result from increased resistance and obstruction
of blood flow through the portal vein and branches portal vein hypertension
In portal vein hypertension, blood flows back into the spleen causing what? splenomegaly
What are the effects of portal vein hypertension? esophageal varices, caput medusae,
ascites, splenomegaly
Dilated veins around the umbilicus, associated with cirrhosis of the liver. caput medusae
swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus that are at risk for bursting (MEDICAL
EMERGANCY) esophageal varices
Portal vein hypertension causes what three conditions? increased pressure in peritoneal
capillaries, splenomegaly, portosystemic shunting of blood
increased pressure in peritoneal capillaries causes what? ascites
Splenomegaly causes what from portal vein hypertension? anemia, leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia
the bodies what of trying to produce vessels and veins in the liver is called what? portal
systemic collaterals
, How is ascites developed? liver is clogged, blood pools, decreased blood volume, activation
of neurohormonal systems, sodium and water retention
What is a complex result of cirrhosis of the liver? hepatic encephalopathy
Is hepatic encephalopathy reversible? yes in early stages
When is hepatic encephalopathy usually diagnosed? in later stages due to build up of toxins
and slow progression
What factors lead to hepatic encephalopathy? high protein diet, infection, constipation,
hypocalcemia, GI bleeds, drugs
What are the assessments of hepatic encephalopathy? SAFETY, sleep/mood disturbance,
mental status change, speech problems, altered LOC, impaired thinking, neuromuscular
problems
What is the treatment for hepatic encephalopathy? nasogastric lavage, lactulose, enemas,
neomycin sulfate and antibacterials
What is the goal of giving lactulose to a patient with hepatic encephalopathy? decrease
ammonium levels through stool
How would you diagnose hepatic encephalopathy? vital signs, volume status, evaluate for GI
bleed, eliminate sedatives, assess for hypoxia, hypoglycemia, anemia, hypokalemia, metabolic
alkalosis
