NSG 2271 Exam 1 QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS| LATEST UPDATE 100%
VERIFIED
What syndrome identified the relationship between chronic stress and illness? General
adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Who developed the GAS? Hans Selye
He called press evoked by positive emotions or events eustress and stress evoked by negative
feelings and events distress. He showed that corticosteroid secretion from the pituitary gland
increased during stress and contributed to development of illnesses. This early work set the
stage for our understanding of the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) in chronic
stress.
When the hypothalamus secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), the pituitary gland
increases secretion of adrenocorticotropic (corticotropin), which in turn stimulates the
adrenocortical secretion of cortisol. Over time, excessive exposure of cortisol contributes to the
dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system.
What does the Transactional Stress Model describe? The psychological experience of stress.
This model views stress as an interactive process arising from real or perceived internal or
external environmental demands that are appraised as threatening or benign.
What are the two levels of the appraisal process? The primary appraisal, a person evaluates
the events occurring in his or her life as a threat, harm, challenge.
The secondary appraisal, the person explains the out-come of events.
What are the three goals of primary appraisal? (1) the goal is relevant
(2)the goal is consistent with his or her values and beliefs
,(3) whether a personal commitment is present
________________ is the process where potentially stressful events are evaluated for meaning
and significance to individual well-being Appraisal
What are some questionnaires used to assess anger? The Spielberger State-Trait Anger
Expression Inventory (STAXI)---This instrument measures the general proneness to be aroused
to anger (trait anger) as well as current feelings (state anger) and several styles of anger
expression, including control through calming techniques.
What is the only DSM-5 anger-related disorder? intermittent explosive disorder (IED)
What must be taken into consideration before planning anger interventions? Gender,
culture, and ethnic differences in the experience and expression of anger.
________________ involves overt behavior intended to hurt, belittle, take revenge, or achieve
domination and control. Aggression
What are some ways people express aggression? 1. verbal (sarcasm, insults, threats)
2. physical (property damage, slapping, hitting)
How do mentally healthy people deal with aggression? Mentally healthy people stop
themselves from aggression by realizing the negative consequences to themselves or their
relationships.
________________________ is extreme aggression and involves the use of strong force or
weapons to inflict bodily harm to another person and in some cases to kill. Violence
,How does violence and aggression relate to each other? Violence connotes greater intensity
and destruction than aggression. All violence is aggressive, but not all aggression is violent.
__________________ in situations of anger and anxiety when the individual lashes out.
Impulsive Aggression
_________________ is a goal-directed aggressive behavior that is and unrelated to immediate
feelings of frustration or threat. It is a means to secure a goal or reward. Instrumental
Aggression
When is the best time to teach a patient anger and aggression techniques to manage feelings?
When the patient is not the provoking event. Cognitive therapy approaches are useful and
can be prioritized according to responses.
What must a nurse who intervenes from within the context of the therapeutic relationship be
cognize of? The fit of a particular intervention, known as Intervention fit.
_____________ Is a time-limited event that triggers adaptive or nonadaptive responses to
maturational, situational, or traumatic experiences. Crisis: A crisis results from stressful
events for which previous coping mechanisms fail to provide adequate adaptive skills to
address the perceived challenge or threat. Adaptation to crisis typically occurs in 6 weeks.
Grief Responses: Physical weight gain/loss, insomnia, anorexia, exhausted, restless, aching
arms, sleep difficulties, headaches, feels ill, palpitations, breathlessness, sighing, lack of
strength, blurred vision
Grief Responses: Emotional sobbing, sadness, guilt, ange, sense of failure, irritability,
resentment, bitterness, denial, frustration, fear of own death, oversensitivity to environment,
senses the presence of the deceased
, Grief Responses: Social social withdrawal from normal activity, isolation from others
Grief Respones: Cognitive forgetful, difficulty in making decisions, disorganized,
concentration is difficult, preoccupation with thoughts of the deceased, time confusion, short
attention span, think they are going crazy
_____________ is initiated by unexpected, unusual that can affect an individual or a multitude
of people. traumatic crisis
In such situations, people face overwhelmingly hazardous events that entail injury, trauma,
destruction, or sacrifice. Examples of events include national disasters (e.g., racial persecutions,
riots, war), violent crimes (e.g rape., murder, kidnappings, and assault and battery), and
environmental disasters (e.g., earthquakes, floods, forest hurricanes).
__________ are intense, physical, emotional, social, cognitive, or so reactions to the death of a
loved one. Grief responses
Spontaneous expressions to loss can include sobbing, crying, anger, and expressions of guilt.
__________ is the process of healing and learning how to cope with the loss. It begins
immediately after the loss, and can last months or years. Bereavement
Individual differences, age, religious and cultural practices, and social support influence grief
responses and bereavement.
What are the stages/phases of the bereavement process? 1. Shock and disbelief
2. Awareness of loss
3. Conservation-withdrawal
VERIFIED
What syndrome identified the relationship between chronic stress and illness? General
adaptation syndrome (GAS)
Who developed the GAS? Hans Selye
He called press evoked by positive emotions or events eustress and stress evoked by negative
feelings and events distress. He showed that corticosteroid secretion from the pituitary gland
increased during stress and contributed to development of illnesses. This early work set the
stage for our understanding of the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) in chronic
stress.
When the hypothalamus secretes corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), the pituitary gland
increases secretion of adrenocorticotropic (corticotropin), which in turn stimulates the
adrenocortical secretion of cortisol. Over time, excessive exposure of cortisol contributes to the
dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system.
What does the Transactional Stress Model describe? The psychological experience of stress.
This model views stress as an interactive process arising from real or perceived internal or
external environmental demands that are appraised as threatening or benign.
What are the two levels of the appraisal process? The primary appraisal, a person evaluates
the events occurring in his or her life as a threat, harm, challenge.
The secondary appraisal, the person explains the out-come of events.
What are the three goals of primary appraisal? (1) the goal is relevant
(2)the goal is consistent with his or her values and beliefs
,(3) whether a personal commitment is present
________________ is the process where potentially stressful events are evaluated for meaning
and significance to individual well-being Appraisal
What are some questionnaires used to assess anger? The Spielberger State-Trait Anger
Expression Inventory (STAXI)---This instrument measures the general proneness to be aroused
to anger (trait anger) as well as current feelings (state anger) and several styles of anger
expression, including control through calming techniques.
What is the only DSM-5 anger-related disorder? intermittent explosive disorder (IED)
What must be taken into consideration before planning anger interventions? Gender,
culture, and ethnic differences in the experience and expression of anger.
________________ involves overt behavior intended to hurt, belittle, take revenge, or achieve
domination and control. Aggression
What are some ways people express aggression? 1. verbal (sarcasm, insults, threats)
2. physical (property damage, slapping, hitting)
How do mentally healthy people deal with aggression? Mentally healthy people stop
themselves from aggression by realizing the negative consequences to themselves or their
relationships.
________________________ is extreme aggression and involves the use of strong force or
weapons to inflict bodily harm to another person and in some cases to kill. Violence
,How does violence and aggression relate to each other? Violence connotes greater intensity
and destruction than aggression. All violence is aggressive, but not all aggression is violent.
__________________ in situations of anger and anxiety when the individual lashes out.
Impulsive Aggression
_________________ is a goal-directed aggressive behavior that is and unrelated to immediate
feelings of frustration or threat. It is a means to secure a goal or reward. Instrumental
Aggression
When is the best time to teach a patient anger and aggression techniques to manage feelings?
When the patient is not the provoking event. Cognitive therapy approaches are useful and
can be prioritized according to responses.
What must a nurse who intervenes from within the context of the therapeutic relationship be
cognize of? The fit of a particular intervention, known as Intervention fit.
_____________ Is a time-limited event that triggers adaptive or nonadaptive responses to
maturational, situational, or traumatic experiences. Crisis: A crisis results from stressful
events for which previous coping mechanisms fail to provide adequate adaptive skills to
address the perceived challenge or threat. Adaptation to crisis typically occurs in 6 weeks.
Grief Responses: Physical weight gain/loss, insomnia, anorexia, exhausted, restless, aching
arms, sleep difficulties, headaches, feels ill, palpitations, breathlessness, sighing, lack of
strength, blurred vision
Grief Responses: Emotional sobbing, sadness, guilt, ange, sense of failure, irritability,
resentment, bitterness, denial, frustration, fear of own death, oversensitivity to environment,
senses the presence of the deceased
, Grief Responses: Social social withdrawal from normal activity, isolation from others
Grief Respones: Cognitive forgetful, difficulty in making decisions, disorganized,
concentration is difficult, preoccupation with thoughts of the deceased, time confusion, short
attention span, think they are going crazy
_____________ is initiated by unexpected, unusual that can affect an individual or a multitude
of people. traumatic crisis
In such situations, people face overwhelmingly hazardous events that entail injury, trauma,
destruction, or sacrifice. Examples of events include national disasters (e.g., racial persecutions,
riots, war), violent crimes (e.g rape., murder, kidnappings, and assault and battery), and
environmental disasters (e.g., earthquakes, floods, forest hurricanes).
__________ are intense, physical, emotional, social, cognitive, or so reactions to the death of a
loved one. Grief responses
Spontaneous expressions to loss can include sobbing, crying, anger, and expressions of guilt.
__________ is the process of healing and learning how to cope with the loss. It begins
immediately after the loss, and can last months or years. Bereavement
Individual differences, age, religious and cultural practices, and social support influence grief
responses and bereavement.
What are the stages/phases of the bereavement process? 1. Shock and disbelief
2. Awareness of loss
3. Conservation-withdrawal
