C HAPTER 4: U RINARY T RACT I NFECTION
AND P YELONEPHRITIS
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the parents of a child with
vesicoureteral reflux?
a. Screening for urinary tract infection (UTI) if febrile
b. Suggestions for how to maintain fluid restrictions
c. The use of bubble baths as an incentive to increase bath time
d. The need for the child to hold urine for 6 to 8 hours
ANS: A
A child with vesicoureteral reflux is screened for a UTI if febrile. Fluids are
not restricted when a child has vesicoureteral reflux. In fact, fluid intake
should be increased as a measure to prevent urinary tract infections. Bubble
baths should be avoided to prevent urethral irritation and possible urinary
tract infection. To prevent urinary tract infections, the child should be taught
to void frequently and never resist the urge to urinate.
2. Which intervention is appropriate when examining a male infant for
cryptorchidism?
a. Cooling the examiners hands
b. Taking a rectal temperature
c. Placing the infant on the examination table
d. Warming the room
, ANS: D
For the infants comfort, the infant should be examined in a warm room with
the examiners hands warmed. Testes can retract into the inguinal canal if the
infant is upset or cold. Examining the infant with cold hands is uncomfortable
for the infant and is likely to cause the infants testes to retract into the
inguinal canal. It may also cause the infant to be uncooperative during the
examination. A rectal temperature yields no information about
cryptorchidism. When possible, the infant should be examined in the
caregivers lap to elicit cooperation and avoid upsetting the infant.
3. Parents ask the nurse, When should our childs hypospadias be corrected? The
nurse responds based upon the knowledge that correction of hypospadias should
be accomplished by the time the child is:
a. 1 month of age.
b. 6 to 8 months of age.
c. school age.
d. sexually mature.
ANS: B
The correction of hypospadias should ideally be accomplished by the time the
child is 6 to 8 months of age and before toilet training. Surgery to correct
hypospadias is not performed when the infant is less than 6 months of age. It
is preferable for hypospadias to be surgically corrected before the child enters
school so that the child has normal toileting behaviors in the presence of his
peers. Corrective surgery for hypospadias is done long before sexual maturity.
4. A nurse is teaching a class on acute renal failure. The nurse relates that acute
renal failure as a result of hemolytic-uremic syndrome is classified as:
AND P YELONEPHRITIS
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. What should the nurse include in a teaching plan for the parents of a child with
vesicoureteral reflux?
a. Screening for urinary tract infection (UTI) if febrile
b. Suggestions for how to maintain fluid restrictions
c. The use of bubble baths as an incentive to increase bath time
d. The need for the child to hold urine for 6 to 8 hours
ANS: A
A child with vesicoureteral reflux is screened for a UTI if febrile. Fluids are
not restricted when a child has vesicoureteral reflux. In fact, fluid intake
should be increased as a measure to prevent urinary tract infections. Bubble
baths should be avoided to prevent urethral irritation and possible urinary
tract infection. To prevent urinary tract infections, the child should be taught
to void frequently and never resist the urge to urinate.
2. Which intervention is appropriate when examining a male infant for
cryptorchidism?
a. Cooling the examiners hands
b. Taking a rectal temperature
c. Placing the infant on the examination table
d. Warming the room
, ANS: D
For the infants comfort, the infant should be examined in a warm room with
the examiners hands warmed. Testes can retract into the inguinal canal if the
infant is upset or cold. Examining the infant with cold hands is uncomfortable
for the infant and is likely to cause the infants testes to retract into the
inguinal canal. It may also cause the infant to be uncooperative during the
examination. A rectal temperature yields no information about
cryptorchidism. When possible, the infant should be examined in the
caregivers lap to elicit cooperation and avoid upsetting the infant.
3. Parents ask the nurse, When should our childs hypospadias be corrected? The
nurse responds based upon the knowledge that correction of hypospadias should
be accomplished by the time the child is:
a. 1 month of age.
b. 6 to 8 months of age.
c. school age.
d. sexually mature.
ANS: B
The correction of hypospadias should ideally be accomplished by the time the
child is 6 to 8 months of age and before toilet training. Surgery to correct
hypospadias is not performed when the infant is less than 6 months of age. It
is preferable for hypospadias to be surgically corrected before the child enters
school so that the child has normal toileting behaviors in the presence of his
peers. Corrective surgery for hypospadias is done long before sexual maturity.
4. A nurse is teaching a class on acute renal failure. The nurse relates that acute
renal failure as a result of hemolytic-uremic syndrome is classified as:
