Corrections Multiple Choice Exam
Nearly ______ of all African American men in their twenties are under some form of
correctional control in the US - ANSWER-1/5
Since 1980, a greater proportion of correctional growth has occurred in: - ANSWER-
probation & parole
From the earliest accounts of mankind, punishment has been used as a means of
______, forcing people to comply with rules, norms and laws - ANSWER-social control
Roughly 70% of those under correctional control in the US are currently serving the
sentence in what ways - ANSWER-probation & parole
The central purpose of corrections is to _______ - ANSWER-carry out the criminal
sentence
Your authors refer to corrections as a(n)______, a complex whole consisting of
interdependent parts whose operations are directed toward common goals and is
directly influenced by its environment - ANSWER-system
Approximately how many Americans are currently incarcerated in a jail or prison? -
ANSWER-2 million
In the US today, more felons are being sentenced to _______ instead of _______ -
ANSWER-prison; probation
Corrections can be viewed as a series of processes that are _______, meaning that
each process affects another part of the CJ system in some way - ANSWER-
interconnected
The twin goals of corrections are punishment and ________ - ANSWER-protection
According to your authors, which of the following is NOT one of the three "P's" of
corrections - ANSWER-Punishment
The majority of correctional activity takes place at the ______ level - ANSWER-State
Nearly 40% of all offenders are under the correctional control of 4 states (i.e. the Big
Four of corrections). Which of the following is NOT one of these states? - ANSWER-
Oklahoma
, In the U.S., jails are operated mainly by what level of government - ANSWER-county
______ is a system of government in which power and responsibilities are divided
between one national government and multiple state governments - ANSWER-
federalism
During the Colonial Period, jails were mainly used to house ________ - ANSWER-those
held appending a court appearance
In 1790, the first recognized penitentiary was created in which U.S. city? - ANSWER-
Philadelphia
The opening of the ________ State penitentiary in 1829 in Cherry Hill, Pennsylvania,
marked the full development of the penitentiary system based on the philosophy of
separate confinement - ANSWER-Eastern
Much of the ideas, practices and principles that are the foundation of the American CJ
System were adopted from what country? - ANSWER-England
A _______ is a correctional facility used to house pre-trial detainees and those
sentenced for minor offenses - ANSWER-Jail
The congregate system, which emphasized isolation of inmates in individual cells at
night but permitted them to work together in silence during the day, was first adopted in
which US state? - ANSWER-New York
Prior to individual statehood, the very first prison facilities in the West were operated by
_________ - ANSWER-the US Military
In 1870, the National Prison Association held its historical meeting in what U.S. city? -
ANSWER-Cincinnati
The __________ model of corrections is based on the assumption that criminal
behavior can be controlled by greater use of incarceration and other forms of strict
supervision - ANSWER-Crime Control
Which of the following is NOT one of the four commonly accepted goals of criminal
sanctions in the U.S.? - ANSWER-Incarceration
The biblical expression "________" is often used to illustrate the underlying premise of
the punishment goal of retribution - ANSWER-Eye for an Eye
______ is a goal of punishment which focuses on the notion that both an individual and
society as a whole can be discouraged from committing similar crimes through the
effective use of certain types of punishments - ANSWER-Deterrence
Nearly ______ of all African American men in their twenties are under some form of
correctional control in the US - ANSWER-1/5
Since 1980, a greater proportion of correctional growth has occurred in: - ANSWER-
probation & parole
From the earliest accounts of mankind, punishment has been used as a means of
______, forcing people to comply with rules, norms and laws - ANSWER-social control
Roughly 70% of those under correctional control in the US are currently serving the
sentence in what ways - ANSWER-probation & parole
The central purpose of corrections is to _______ - ANSWER-carry out the criminal
sentence
Your authors refer to corrections as a(n)______, a complex whole consisting of
interdependent parts whose operations are directed toward common goals and is
directly influenced by its environment - ANSWER-system
Approximately how many Americans are currently incarcerated in a jail or prison? -
ANSWER-2 million
In the US today, more felons are being sentenced to _______ instead of _______ -
ANSWER-prison; probation
Corrections can be viewed as a series of processes that are _______, meaning that
each process affects another part of the CJ system in some way - ANSWER-
interconnected
The twin goals of corrections are punishment and ________ - ANSWER-protection
According to your authors, which of the following is NOT one of the three "P's" of
corrections - ANSWER-Punishment
The majority of correctional activity takes place at the ______ level - ANSWER-State
Nearly 40% of all offenders are under the correctional control of 4 states (i.e. the Big
Four of corrections). Which of the following is NOT one of these states? - ANSWER-
Oklahoma
, In the U.S., jails are operated mainly by what level of government - ANSWER-county
______ is a system of government in which power and responsibilities are divided
between one national government and multiple state governments - ANSWER-
federalism
During the Colonial Period, jails were mainly used to house ________ - ANSWER-those
held appending a court appearance
In 1790, the first recognized penitentiary was created in which U.S. city? - ANSWER-
Philadelphia
The opening of the ________ State penitentiary in 1829 in Cherry Hill, Pennsylvania,
marked the full development of the penitentiary system based on the philosophy of
separate confinement - ANSWER-Eastern
Much of the ideas, practices and principles that are the foundation of the American CJ
System were adopted from what country? - ANSWER-England
A _______ is a correctional facility used to house pre-trial detainees and those
sentenced for minor offenses - ANSWER-Jail
The congregate system, which emphasized isolation of inmates in individual cells at
night but permitted them to work together in silence during the day, was first adopted in
which US state? - ANSWER-New York
Prior to individual statehood, the very first prison facilities in the West were operated by
_________ - ANSWER-the US Military
In 1870, the National Prison Association held its historical meeting in what U.S. city? -
ANSWER-Cincinnati
The __________ model of corrections is based on the assumption that criminal
behavior can be controlled by greater use of incarceration and other forms of strict
supervision - ANSWER-Crime Control
Which of the following is NOT one of the four commonly accepted goals of criminal
sanctions in the U.S.? - ANSWER-Incarceration
The biblical expression "________" is often used to illustrate the underlying premise of
the punishment goal of retribution - ANSWER-Eye for an Eye
______ is a goal of punishment which focuses on the notion that both an individual and
society as a whole can be discouraged from committing similar crimes through the
effective use of certain types of punishments - ANSWER-Deterrence
