PATHO 370 CH. 16 QUIZ TEST QUESTIONS WITH 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025 FIRST CLASS PASS

PATHO 370 CH. 16 QUIZ TEST QUESTIONS WITH 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025 FIRST CLASS PASS PATHO 370 CH. 16 QUIZ 2025  PATHO 370 CH. 16 QUIZ TEST QUESTIONS WITH 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025 FIRST CLASS PASS arterial blood pressure - correct answer -is the pressure differences between the left and right sides of the heart that produce the gradient allowing systemic movement of blood. -is produced by force of left ventricular contraction overcoming the resistance of the aorta to open the aortic valve. What are the determinants of systemic blood pressure? - correct answer -cardiac output and the resistance to the ejection of the heart. (CO = SV x HR) -end-diastolic volume is the preload -systemic vascular resistance (afterload) is determined by the radius of arteries and degree of vessel compliance SV (stroke volume) - correct answer -is the primary factor influencing systolic pressure systolic blood pressure - correct answer -peak pressure during cardiac systole diastolic blood pressure - correct answer -lowest pressure during cardiac diastole SVR (systemic vascular resistance) - correct answer -is the major determinant of diastolic pressure mean arterial pressure (MAP) - correct answer -is the calculated average pressure within the circulatory system throughout the cardiac cycle MAP - correct answer (2x diastolic pressure) + systolic pressure/3 Direct Measurement of blood pressure - correct answer -requires intra arterial catheter to transduce arterial fluid pulsations into electrical signals (waveforms) -catheter commonly placed in radial artery -most accurate method of measuring blood pressure Indirect measurement of blood pressure - correct answer -commonly measured via the brachial artery using stethoscope and sphygmomanometer or automated oscillometric system -requires careful technique to ensure accuracy -auscultation of Korotkoff sounds mechanisms of blood pressure - correct answer -affected by neural, humoral and renal factors -blood pressure fluctuates over 24hrs due to physiologic changes associated with circadian rhythm short term regulation of systemic blood pressure - correct answer -changes in BP are mediated through activation of the sympathetic nervous system -results in release of neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine -vasomotor center indirectly activated via baroreceptors receptors in smooth muscle of arterioles activates? - correct answer -alpha 1 receptors of the heart activates - correct answer -beta 1 long term regulation of systemic blood pressure - correct answer -increase in extracellular fluid volume = increased CO and SVR = elevated BP -increased serum sodium level = increased osmolality = increased ADH secretion -Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) important regulator of BP angiotensin II produces? - correct answer -an increase in SVR atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) causes kidneys to? - correct answer -increase sodium and water excretion by increasing the glomerular filtration rate intrarenal arteriolar constriction leads to? - correct answer -increased tubular reabsorption of sodium and water Normal fluctuations in systemic blood pressure - correct answer -suprachiasmatic nuclei in the brain govern daily variations in bodily functions -neural and hormonal regulation influences BP -lifestyle influences can affect BP