CNUR 303 FINAL EXAM| QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 100% SOLVED| LATEST
UPDATE GUARANTEED PASS
What is a marginal placental abruption? Separation is near the edge of the placenta
What is a concealed placental abruption? Separation is in the centre of the placenta
Nursing management of placenta abruption -CBC
-Coags
-Monitor vital signs for signs of bleeding
-Monitor FHR
-It will be painful and there will be tightness in the abdomen
What is gestational diabetes? When there is no pre existing diabetes but during pregnancy
you develop a carbohydrate intolerance
What are some risk factors for gestational diabetes? -Previous gestational diabetes
-History of stillborn
-Obesity
-Hypertension
What are the guidelines for diabetes screening in pregnancy? A 1 hour glucose tolerance
test is done at 24-28 weeks and if the blood sugar is above 10.3 then it is gestational diabetes
How is carbohydrate metabolism altered in pregnancy? 1) Fetus requires maternal glucose
2) Placental hormones alter the effects of and resistance to insulin and glucose tolerance
,What does insulin adjustments look like in the first trimester? -Insulin needs decrease
-Rise in hormones stimulates insulin production and increase tissue response to insulin
What does insulin adjustments look like in the second and third trimester? -hPL causes
increased resistance to insulin
-Beta cell dysfunction
-Decreased glucose tolerance
-Hyperglycemia
-Insulin needs increase
-Frees up glucose for the fetus
What can happen to the fetus of a mom with gestational diabetes? -The baby can develop
hyperglycemia
-Macrosomia
-Congenital anomalies
-IUFD
What is considered a pre existing hypertension in pregnancy? When it occurs before 20
weeks
What is considered gestational hypertension? When it occurs after 20 weeks
What are some risk factors for gestational hypertension? -Primipara
-Family history of hypertension
-Poor nutrition
-Obesity
,-Diabetes
What are signs and symptoms of gestational hypertension? -Headache
-Visual disturbances
-Epigastric pain
-Nausea dn vomiting
-Chest pain/SOB
-Edema
-Weight gain
-Hypertonic reflexes
What is secondary invasion? Occurs in the 16-18th week and it transforms the spiral
arterioles of the uterine lining into vein like structures and low resistance blood flow
-Part of normal placental development
How does secondary invasion differ in gestational hypertension? The spiral arterioles do not
get transformed into the vein like structures, they stay arterial which lead to high resistance
blood flow
What happens when there is vasospasm of the maternal arterioles? 1) Reduced organ
perfusion
2) Fluid shift from intravascular to extravascular space
3) Activation of the coagulation process
What is HELLP syndrome? -Hemolysis -Elevated liver enzymes
-Low platelets
-A complication of severe gestational hypertension
, What does PROM stand for? Premature rupture of membranes
What does PPROM stand for? Preterm premature rupture of membranes
What are some risk factors for PPROM? -Maternal nutrient deficiency
-Prior PPROM
-Tobacco use
-Substance use
-Polyhydraminos
-Multiple pregnancies
-Infection
What are some nursing management for PPROM? -Prolong pregnancy and delay labor as
long as possible
-Confirm that it was the amniotic sac breaking
-Antibiotic protocol
-Monitor for infection
-Vital signs
-Antenatal steroid to promote lung maturity
-Magnesium sulphate for neural protection
What does TPTL stand for? Threatened pre term labor
What is TPTL? -Contractions between 20-37 weeks
-No evidence of cervical dilation
UPDATE GUARANTEED PASS
What is a marginal placental abruption? Separation is near the edge of the placenta
What is a concealed placental abruption? Separation is in the centre of the placenta
Nursing management of placenta abruption -CBC
-Coags
-Monitor vital signs for signs of bleeding
-Monitor FHR
-It will be painful and there will be tightness in the abdomen
What is gestational diabetes? When there is no pre existing diabetes but during pregnancy
you develop a carbohydrate intolerance
What are some risk factors for gestational diabetes? -Previous gestational diabetes
-History of stillborn
-Obesity
-Hypertension
What are the guidelines for diabetes screening in pregnancy? A 1 hour glucose tolerance
test is done at 24-28 weeks and if the blood sugar is above 10.3 then it is gestational diabetes
How is carbohydrate metabolism altered in pregnancy? 1) Fetus requires maternal glucose
2) Placental hormones alter the effects of and resistance to insulin and glucose tolerance
,What does insulin adjustments look like in the first trimester? -Insulin needs decrease
-Rise in hormones stimulates insulin production and increase tissue response to insulin
What does insulin adjustments look like in the second and third trimester? -hPL causes
increased resistance to insulin
-Beta cell dysfunction
-Decreased glucose tolerance
-Hyperglycemia
-Insulin needs increase
-Frees up glucose for the fetus
What can happen to the fetus of a mom with gestational diabetes? -The baby can develop
hyperglycemia
-Macrosomia
-Congenital anomalies
-IUFD
What is considered a pre existing hypertension in pregnancy? When it occurs before 20
weeks
What is considered gestational hypertension? When it occurs after 20 weeks
What are some risk factors for gestational hypertension? -Primipara
-Family history of hypertension
-Poor nutrition
-Obesity
,-Diabetes
What are signs and symptoms of gestational hypertension? -Headache
-Visual disturbances
-Epigastric pain
-Nausea dn vomiting
-Chest pain/SOB
-Edema
-Weight gain
-Hypertonic reflexes
What is secondary invasion? Occurs in the 16-18th week and it transforms the spiral
arterioles of the uterine lining into vein like structures and low resistance blood flow
-Part of normal placental development
How does secondary invasion differ in gestational hypertension? The spiral arterioles do not
get transformed into the vein like structures, they stay arterial which lead to high resistance
blood flow
What happens when there is vasospasm of the maternal arterioles? 1) Reduced organ
perfusion
2) Fluid shift from intravascular to extravascular space
3) Activation of the coagulation process
What is HELLP syndrome? -Hemolysis -Elevated liver enzymes
-Low platelets
-A complication of severe gestational hypertension
, What does PROM stand for? Premature rupture of membranes
What does PPROM stand for? Preterm premature rupture of membranes
What are some risk factors for PPROM? -Maternal nutrient deficiency
-Prior PPROM
-Tobacco use
-Substance use
-Polyhydraminos
-Multiple pregnancies
-Infection
What are some nursing management for PPROM? -Prolong pregnancy and delay labor as
long as possible
-Confirm that it was the amniotic sac breaking
-Antibiotic protocol
-Monitor for infection
-Vital signs
-Antenatal steroid to promote lung maturity
-Magnesium sulphate for neural protection
What does TPTL stand for? Threatened pre term labor
What is TPTL? -Contractions between 20-37 weeks
-No evidence of cervical dilation
