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Samenvatting Schema hoofdstuk 6

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Schema van hoofdstuk 6 op basis van de slides practica en lessen

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H6: ENTEROBACTERIACEAE (GRAM -)
Algemene kenmerken: gram – staafjes katalase + en oxidase - facultatief aeroob/anaeroob vergisten van glucose (sommige ook lactose) reductie van NO3- tot NO2- (nitraatreductase)
bewegelijk/onbeweegelijk groeien op universele bodems + bodems met galzouten

Enteropathogeen: echt pathogeen, kunnen ernstige collitis veroorzaken Opportunistisch pathogeen: veroorzaken enkel problemen bij een verzwakte gastheer


ENTEROPATHOGENEN
Commensaal of Specifieke kenmerken Pathogenese / Pathogeen vermogen / pathologie Pathogeen Groei op KIA- Biochemische
pathogeen transmissie geïsoleerd uit isolatiebodems resultaat kenmerken
welk staal?
Salmonella enterica
Pathogeen 1 specie: enterica Faeco-orale besmetting Salmonellose Faeces Mc Conkey: kleurloos A K H2S+ Bewegelijk
6 subspecies - Diarree Bloed Lactose –
200 serotypes (dosis speelt rol in al dan - Maag- en darmklachten HEA: blauw-groen Lactose – Glucose +
(antigenische niet ontwikkelen van Sommige stammen kunnen door de intestinale weefsels Uitzonderlijk: kolonies / zwart Glucose +
varianten) salmonellose) doordringen en zich verder verspreiden urine of centrum Serotypering 
Gastro-enteritis: wondvocht agglutinatietest
O-Ag: in LPS celwand, - Salmonella typhimirium (cursus p. 89)
somatisch, - Zoönose: kippen (gevogelte), eieren; dierlijk reservoir
thermostabiel - Oorzaak: voedselintoxicatie:besmet dierlijk voedsel
polysacharide (enterotoxinen)
- Na 8 – 48u (incubatieduur): diarree (niet-bloederig),
H-Ag: in flagel (AZ- nausea, braken, matige koorts, hoofdpijn
keten: thermolabiel) - Zelf-limiterend (2-5 d): ongecompliceerd
- AB therapie; niet nuttig
Vi-Ag: in kapsel, Darmkoorts (tyfus):
thermolabiel, maskeert - Salmonella typhi
O-Ag - Salmonella parathypi (milder)
(Salmonella typhi) - Meestal importgevallen
- Humaan reservoir, serotype voorkomend bij mens
- Oorzaak: voedselintoxicatie (via kok): besmet voedsel
(enterotoxinen), besmet water, slechte hygiëne
- Incubatie: 1-2 weken
- Bacteriëmie, infectie van lever, milt…
- Toxines komen vrij in het lichaam
- Hoge koorts, malaise, hoofdpijn, diarree
- Niet zelf-limiterend
- AB-therapie: essentieel
Sepsis:
- Salmonella cholerae suis
- Vermenigvuldigen in het bloed

Andere stammen kunnen urineweg- en wondinfecties
veroorzaken indien geschikte ingangspoort.


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