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,Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
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Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th
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Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE $i
1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States?
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a. Heart disease zs
b. Childhood cancer zs
c. Injuries
d. Congenital anomalies zs
ANS: C z s
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence.
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The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital anomalies, and childhood
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canc ers and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of deaths in children older than 1
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yearof ag e.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
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TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: zs zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Health Promot zs zs zs
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2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, ―What is meant by family-
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zs centered care?‖ The nurse should respond with which statement?
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a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversityon the family. zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
b. Family-centered care encourages familydependence on the health care system. zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child‘s life. zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision- zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
making process.
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ANS: C z s
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family-
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centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child‘s life. The family should be enabled
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and empowered to work with the health care system and is expected to be part of the decision-
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making process. The nurse should also support the family‘s cultural diversity, not reduce its effect.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying $i zs
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: zs zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Health Promot zs zs zs
zs ion and Maintenance
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3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which? zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs $i zs
a. Using information in textbooks to guide care zs zs zs zs zs zs
b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition zs zs zs zs zs zs
c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making
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d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child‘s health and familysituationzs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
ANS: B z s
EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and questi
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oning the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the integration of the best research evi
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dence combined with clinical expertise and patient values.
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,Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test
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Ban
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TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: zs zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Safe and Effec zs zs zs zs
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4. The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-
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school program about childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in th e
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teaching?
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b. Immunization rates arethe same among children of different races and ethnicity. zs zs zs zs zs $i zs zs zs zs zs
c. Dental caries is not a problem commonly seen in children since the introduction of fl
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uorinated water.
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d. Mental health problems are typically not seen in school- zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
age children but may be diagnosed in adolescents.
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ANS: A z s
When teaching parents of school-
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age children about childhood health problems, the nurse should include information about childhood o
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besity because it is the most common problem among children and is associated with type 2 diabetes.
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Teaching parents about ways to prevent obesity is important to include. Immunization rates differ depe
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nding on the child‘s race and ethnicity; dental caries continues to be a common chronic disease in child
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hood; and mental health problems are seen in children as young as school age, not just in adolescents.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying $i zs
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning MSC: zs zs zs i$ z s Client Needs: Health Promot zs zs zs
zs ion and Maintenance
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5. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-
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aged child. Which should the nurse plan to ensure atraumatic care?
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a. Limit explanation ofprocedures because the child is preschool aged.
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b. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures.
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c. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oralm
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edications.
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d. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there i s
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not time for it to be effective.
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ANS: C z s
The overriding goal in providing atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing the child, a choice of
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juice to drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a sense of control. The preschoo
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l child should be prepared before procedures, so limiting explanations of procedures would increase
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anxiety. The family should be allowed to staywith the child during procedures, minimizing stress.
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Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a topical local anesthetic. The nurse should plan to use the prescribe d zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs $i zs
cream in time for morning laboratory draws to minimize pain.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying zs zs
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: zs zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Health Promot zs zs zs
zs ion and Maintenance
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6. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic nurse–patient–familyrelationship?
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a. The nurse is planning to read a favorite fairytale to a patient.
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b. During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child.
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c. The nurse is discussing with a fellow nurse the emotional draw to a certain patient.
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d. The nurse is working with a familyto find ways to decrease the family‘s dependence
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zs on health care providers.
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, Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test
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Ban
ANS: B z s
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic and shows an under
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involvement with the parents. Reading a fairy tale is a therapeutic and age-
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appropriate action. Discussing feelings of an emotional draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and sh
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ows a willingness to understand feelings. Working with parents to decrease dependence on health
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car e providers is therapeutic and helps to empower the family.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing
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TOP: Integrated Process: Caring MSC: zs zs zs i$ z s Client Needs: Psychosocial I zs zs zs
zs ntegrity
7. The nurse is aware that which age-
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group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitive characteristic of magical and egoc
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entric thinking?
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a. Preschool
b. Young school age zs zs
c. Middle school age zs zs
d. Adolescent
ANS: A z s
Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking, meaning they
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are unable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle school-
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aged children have transitional cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous acts without detai
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led planning but recognize danger to themselves or others. Adolescents have formal operational cogniti
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ve processes and are preoccupied with abstract thinking.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
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TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: z s zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Safe and zs zs zs
zs Effec tive Care Environmentzs zs zs
8. The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which child has
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z s the most risk factors related to childhood injury?
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a. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life zs zs zs zs zs
b. Male, high activitylevel, stressful home life zs zs zs zs zs zs
c. Male, even tempered, historyof previous injuries zs zs zs zs zs
d. Female, reacts negativelyto new situations, no serious previous injuries
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ANS: B z s
Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because of a difference in behavioral
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characteristics, a high activity temperament is associated with risk-
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taking behaviors, and stress predisposes children to increased risk taking and self-
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destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male child with a high activity level and living in a stressful enviro
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nment has the highest number of risk factors. A girl with several siblings and a stable home life is low r
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isk. A boy with previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temperis not a risk factor for injuries.
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A girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses has only one risk f
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actor.
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TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: z s zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Safe zs zs
and Effec tive Care Environment
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9. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents.
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Whic h moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?
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a. Justice
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,Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
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Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th
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Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE $i
1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States?
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a. Heart disease zs
b. Childhood cancer zs
c. Injuries
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ANS: C z s
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence.
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The leading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital anomalies, and childhood
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canc ers and heart disease cause a significantly lower percentage of deaths in children older than 1
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yearof ag e.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
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TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: zs zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Health Promot zs zs zs
zs ion and Maintenance
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2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, ―What is meant by family-
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zs centered care?‖ The nurse should respond with which statement?
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a. Family-centered care reduces the effect of cultural diversityon the family. zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
b. Family-centered care encourages familydependence on the health care system. zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
c. Family-centered care recognizes that the family is the constant in a child‘s life. zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
d. Family-centered care avoids expecting families to be part of the decision- zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
making process.
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ANS: C z s
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family-
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centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child‘s life. The family should be enabled
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and empowered to work with the health care system and is expected to be part of the decision-
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making process. The nurse should also support the family‘s cultural diversity, not reduce its effect.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying $i zs
TOP: Nursing Process: Implementation MSC: zs zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Health Promot zs zs zs
zs ion and Maintenance
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3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which? zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs $i zs
a. Using information in textbooks to guide care zs zs zs zs zs zs
b. Combining knowledge with clinical experience and intuition zs zs zs zs zs zs
c. Using a professional code of ethics as a means for decision making
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d. Gathering all evidence that applies to the child‘s health and familysituationzs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
ANS: B z s
EBP helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and questi
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oning the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the integration of the best research evi
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dence combined with clinical expertise and patient values.
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,Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test
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Ban
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering $i zs
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: zs zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Safe and Effec zs zs zs zs
zs tive Care Environment
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4. The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-
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school program about childhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in th e
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teaching?
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a. Childhoodobesityis the most common nutritional problem among children. zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
b. Immunization rates arethe same among children of different races and ethnicity. zs zs zs zs zs $i zs zs zs zs zs
c. Dental caries is not a problem commonly seen in children since the introduction of fl
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uorinated water.
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d. Mental health problems are typically not seen in school- zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
age children but may be diagnosed in adolescents.
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ANS: A z s
When teaching parents of school-
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age children about childhood health problems, the nurse should include information about childhood o
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besity because it is the most common problem among children and is associated with type 2 diabetes.
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Teaching parents about ways to prevent obesity is important to include. Immunization rates differ depe
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nding on the child‘s race and ethnicity; dental caries continues to be a common chronic disease in child
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hood; and mental health problems are seen in children as young as school age, not just in adolescents.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying $i zs
TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning MSC: zs zs zs i$ z s Client Needs: Health Promot zs zs zs
zs ion and Maintenance
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5. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-
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aged child. Which should the nurse plan to ensure atraumatic care?
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a. Limit explanation ofprocedures because the child is preschool aged.
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b. Ask that all family members leave the room when performing procedures.
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c. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oralm
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edications.
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d. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because there i s
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not time for it to be effective.
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ANS: C z s
The overriding goal in providing atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing the child, a choice of
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juice to drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a sense of control. The preschoo
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l child should be prepared before procedures, so limiting explanations of procedures would increase
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anxiety. The family should be allowed to staywith the child during procedures, minimizing stress.
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Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a topical local anesthetic. The nurse should plan to use the prescribe d zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs $i zs
cream in time for morning laboratory draws to minimize pain.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying zs zs
TOP: Nursing Process: Planning MSC: zs zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Health Promot zs zs zs
zs ion and Maintenance
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6. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic nurse–patient–familyrelationship?
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a. The nurse is planning to read a favorite fairytale to a patient.
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b. During shift report, the nurse is criticizing parents for not visiting their child.
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c. The nurse is discussing with a fellow nurse the emotional draw to a certain patient.
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d. The nurse is working with a familyto find ways to decrease the family‘s dependence
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zs on health care providers.
zs zs zs
, Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
Ban
ANS: B z s
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic and shows an under
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involvement with the parents. Reading a fairy tale is a therapeutic and age-
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
appropriate action. Discussing feelings of an emotional draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and sh
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ows a willingness to understand feelings. Working with parents to decrease dependence on health
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
car e providers is therapeutic and helps to empower the family.
zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs zs
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing
z s z s zs zs
TOP: Integrated Process: Caring MSC: zs zs zs i$ z s Client Needs: Psychosocial I zs zs zs
zs ntegrity
7. The nurse is aware that which age-
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group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitive characteristic of magical and egoc
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entric thinking?
zs zs
a. Preschool
b. Young school age zs zs
c. Middle school age zs zs
d. Adolescent
ANS: A z s
Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking, meaning they
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are unable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle school-
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aged children have transitional cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous acts without detai
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led planning but recognize danger to themselves or others. Adolescents have formal operational cogniti
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ve processes and are preoccupied with abstract thinking.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
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TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: z s zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Safe and zs zs zs
zs Effec tive Care Environmentzs zs zs
8. The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which child has
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z s the most risk factors related to childhood injury?
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a. Female, multiple siblings, stable home life zs zs zs zs zs
b. Male, high activitylevel, stressful home life zs zs zs zs zs zs
c. Male, even tempered, historyof previous injuries zs zs zs zs zs
d. Female, reacts negativelyto new situations, no serious previous injuries
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ANS: B z s
Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because of a difference in behavioral
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characteristics, a high activity temperament is associated with risk-
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taking behaviors, and stress predisposes children to increased risk taking and self-
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destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male child with a high activity level and living in a stressful enviro
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nment has the highest number of risk factors. A girl with several siblings and a stable home life is low r
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isk. A boy with previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temperis not a risk factor for injuries.
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A girl who reacts negatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses has only one risk f
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actor.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing zs zs
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: z s zs zs $i z s Client Needs: Safe zs zs
and Effec tive Care Environment
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9. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents.
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Whic h moral value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?
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a. Justice