1. Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory
emphasizes which primary factor in patient recovery?
A. Genetic inheritance
B. Nurse–patient rapport
C. Clean air, water, and environment
D. Patient self-care activities
Answer: C
Rationale: Nightingale believed optimal
environmental conditions (hygiene, ventilation,
sanitation) promote healing.
2. Virginia Henderson’s Need Theory defines the
nurse’s role as assisting individuals until they can
perform activities unaided or until they acquire
independence based on:
A. 10 basic needs
B. 14 basic needs
C. 21 nursing problems
D. 5 modes of care
Answer: B
Rationale: Henderson outlined 14 components of
basic human needs that guide nursing care
(Wikipedia).
3. Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory focuses
on:
A. The nurse’s use of environmental alterations
B. The patient’s ability to perform self-care
C. Adaptive coping mechanisms
D. Interpersonal relationships
, Answer: B
Rationale: Orem posited that nursing is required
when individuals cannot meet self-care requisites.
4. Imogene King’s Theory of Goal Attainment centers
on which key interaction?
A. Nurse and environment
B. Nurse and patient
C. Patient and family
D. Nurse and community
Answer: B
Rationale: King emphasized mutual goal-setting
through nurse–patient transactions (Wikipedia).
5. Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model views the
patient as:
A. A holistic being in constant change
B. An interpersonal participant
C. A human caring agent
D. A self-care agent
Answer: A
Rationale: Roy described individuals as adaptive
systems reacting to stimuli.
6. Jean Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring
highlights:
A. Environmental manipulation
B. Technological interventions
C. Transpersonal caring relationships
D. Behavioral conditioning
Answer: C
, Rationale: Watson stressed authentic, transpersonal
connections as central to healing (Nursing Theory).
7. Hildegard Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations
Theory identifies the first phase of the nurse–patient
relationship as:
A. Working
B. Orientation
C. Termination
D. Identification
Answer: B
Rationale: Orientation involves rapport building and
defining problems.
8. Myra Levine’s Conservation Principles include
conservation of:
A. Energy, structural integrity, personal integrity,
social integrity
B. Energy, comfort, self-esteem, spirituality
C. Resources, family, culture, society
D. Energy, environment, values, beliefs
Answer: A
Rationale: Levine proposed four conservation
domains guiding nursing interventions.
9. Betty Neuman’s Systems Model categorizes
stressors as intrapersonal, interpersonal, and:
A. Environmental
B. Cultural
C. Spiritual
D. Technological
emphasizes which primary factor in patient recovery?
A. Genetic inheritance
B. Nurse–patient rapport
C. Clean air, water, and environment
D. Patient self-care activities
Answer: C
Rationale: Nightingale believed optimal
environmental conditions (hygiene, ventilation,
sanitation) promote healing.
2. Virginia Henderson’s Need Theory defines the
nurse’s role as assisting individuals until they can
perform activities unaided or until they acquire
independence based on:
A. 10 basic needs
B. 14 basic needs
C. 21 nursing problems
D. 5 modes of care
Answer: B
Rationale: Henderson outlined 14 components of
basic human needs that guide nursing care
(Wikipedia).
3. Dorothea Orem’s Self-Care Deficit Theory focuses
on:
A. The nurse’s use of environmental alterations
B. The patient’s ability to perform self-care
C. Adaptive coping mechanisms
D. Interpersonal relationships
, Answer: B
Rationale: Orem posited that nursing is required
when individuals cannot meet self-care requisites.
4. Imogene King’s Theory of Goal Attainment centers
on which key interaction?
A. Nurse and environment
B. Nurse and patient
C. Patient and family
D. Nurse and community
Answer: B
Rationale: King emphasized mutual goal-setting
through nurse–patient transactions (Wikipedia).
5. Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model views the
patient as:
A. A holistic being in constant change
B. An interpersonal participant
C. A human caring agent
D. A self-care agent
Answer: A
Rationale: Roy described individuals as adaptive
systems reacting to stimuli.
6. Jean Watson’s Philosophy and Science of Caring
highlights:
A. Environmental manipulation
B. Technological interventions
C. Transpersonal caring relationships
D. Behavioral conditioning
Answer: C
, Rationale: Watson stressed authentic, transpersonal
connections as central to healing (Nursing Theory).
7. Hildegard Peplau’s Interpersonal Relations
Theory identifies the first phase of the nurse–patient
relationship as:
A. Working
B. Orientation
C. Termination
D. Identification
Answer: B
Rationale: Orientation involves rapport building and
defining problems.
8. Myra Levine’s Conservation Principles include
conservation of:
A. Energy, structural integrity, personal integrity,
social integrity
B. Energy, comfort, self-esteem, spirituality
C. Resources, family, culture, society
D. Energy, environment, values, beliefs
Answer: A
Rationale: Levine proposed four conservation
domains guiding nursing interventions.
9. Betty Neuman’s Systems Model categorizes
stressors as intrapersonal, interpersonal, and:
A. Environmental
B. Cultural
C. Spiritual
D. Technological
