PORTAGE LEARNING BIOD 151 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the six levels of organization in the body? - ans -atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, system of organs, and organism
The necessary life function that protects our internal environment from our
external environment is provided by what system? - ans -Integumentary system
This region houses the pelvis - ans -the Pelvic Cavity
This cavity houses the teeth and tongue - ans -The buccal cavity
This cavity houses the eyes - ans -Orbital cavity
Joints are lined with what? - ans -Synovial tissue
This cavity contains the tiny ear bones, name them. - ans -The tympanic cavity;
ossicles, the malleus, incus, and the stapes
Explain why active metabolizing cells need to be relatively small - ans -The cell
must be able to obtain nutrients and excrete waste at a speed fast enough to
fulfill the cells needs. As the cell gets larger, the surface area decreases which
leads the metabolism to be relatively limited
Explain the three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells - ans -
Prokaryotes: bacteria, smaller size, DNA not enclosed, do not contain membrane
bound organelles
Eukaryotes: human cells, much larger in size, contains a nucleus and membrane
bound organelles
What is the function of the nucleus - ans -contains DNA and serves as the control
center
What is the function of ribosomes? - ans -responsible for assembling proteins
, What is the function of smooth ER? - ans -responsible for lipid synthesis
What is the function of rough ER? - ans -responsible for lipid synthesis
What is the function of RNA? - ans -decode messenger RNA and synthesize the
formation of peptide bonds
What is the function of endospores? - ans -allows bacteria to survive in dormant
state and preserve DNA while enduring high stress conditions
What is the function of the Golgi complex? - ans -receives lipids and proteins from
ER and alters the structures and ships them to other parts of the cell
What is the function of lysosomes? - ans -contain digestive enzymes to
breakdown waste products and harmful materials
What is the function of mitochondria? - ans -convert chemical energy to ATP
What is the function of the plasma membrane? - ans -regulate the passage of
materials that enter and exit the cell
What is the function of microtubules and microfilaments? - ans -Microtubules:
involved in the movement of chromosomes during cell division and in the
structure if there is cilia or flagella
Microfilaments: Two intertwined chains of actin that work together with myosin
to cause the formation of two daughter cells
What is the function of the extracellular matrix? - ans -Binds together and
regulates many cellular functions
Describe aerobic respiration and the purpose of ATP production - ans -Aerobic
respiration is the process of using oxygen to create CO2 and ATP. The purpose of
ATP production is to produce as much energy as possible
Explain what happens in Tay-Sachs disease - ans -One of the normally present
digestive enzymes inside lysosomes is lacking. Thus, a toxic lipid in the brain cells
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
What are the six levels of organization in the body? - ans -atom, molecule,
macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, system of organs, and organism
The necessary life function that protects our internal environment from our
external environment is provided by what system? - ans -Integumentary system
This region houses the pelvis - ans -the Pelvic Cavity
This cavity houses the teeth and tongue - ans -The buccal cavity
This cavity houses the eyes - ans -Orbital cavity
Joints are lined with what? - ans -Synovial tissue
This cavity contains the tiny ear bones, name them. - ans -The tympanic cavity;
ossicles, the malleus, incus, and the stapes
Explain why active metabolizing cells need to be relatively small - ans -The cell
must be able to obtain nutrients and excrete waste at a speed fast enough to
fulfill the cells needs. As the cell gets larger, the surface area decreases which
leads the metabolism to be relatively limited
Explain the three differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells - ans -
Prokaryotes: bacteria, smaller size, DNA not enclosed, do not contain membrane
bound organelles
Eukaryotes: human cells, much larger in size, contains a nucleus and membrane
bound organelles
What is the function of the nucleus - ans -contains DNA and serves as the control
center
What is the function of ribosomes? - ans -responsible for assembling proteins
, What is the function of smooth ER? - ans -responsible for lipid synthesis
What is the function of rough ER? - ans -responsible for lipid synthesis
What is the function of RNA? - ans -decode messenger RNA and synthesize the
formation of peptide bonds
What is the function of endospores? - ans -allows bacteria to survive in dormant
state and preserve DNA while enduring high stress conditions
What is the function of the Golgi complex? - ans -receives lipids and proteins from
ER and alters the structures and ships them to other parts of the cell
What is the function of lysosomes? - ans -contain digestive enzymes to
breakdown waste products and harmful materials
What is the function of mitochondria? - ans -convert chemical energy to ATP
What is the function of the plasma membrane? - ans -regulate the passage of
materials that enter and exit the cell
What is the function of microtubules and microfilaments? - ans -Microtubules:
involved in the movement of chromosomes during cell division and in the
structure if there is cilia or flagella
Microfilaments: Two intertwined chains of actin that work together with myosin
to cause the formation of two daughter cells
What is the function of the extracellular matrix? - ans -Binds together and
regulates many cellular functions
Describe aerobic respiration and the purpose of ATP production - ans -Aerobic
respiration is the process of using oxygen to create CO2 and ATP. The purpose of
ATP production is to produce as much energy as possible
Explain what happens in Tay-Sachs disease - ans -One of the normally present
digestive enzymes inside lysosomes is lacking. Thus, a toxic lipid in the brain cells
