GCU BIO202 Exam 1 (ENDOCRINE AND BLOOD)
Real Test bank | Updated 2025/2026
Correct Answers
⫸What are the four types of glucose metabolism? - ✅Glycolysis (glucose to
pyruvate), glycogenesis (glucose to glycogen), glycogenolysis (glycogen to
glucose), and gluconeogenesis (lipids/proteins to glucose)
⫸What are the four macromolecules? - ✅Protein- amino acids, carbohydrates,
lipids, and nucleic acids
⫸What are the four types of tissue? - ✅Connective, muscular, nervous, and
epithelium
⫸What are the three ways that hormones are triggered? - ✅Blood chemistry,
other glands, or the nervous system
⫸What are the effects of testosterone? - ✅Facial/pubic hair, development of
sperm cell, muscle deposition
⫸What are the effects of estrogen? - ✅Development of fat deposition in breast
tissue, widening of hips, pubic/ armpit hair, increase in libido, vocal chords
⫸What are the six steroid hormones? - ✅Cortisone, aldosterone, testosterone,
estrogen, progesterone, and calcitrol
⫸What does plasma contain? - ✅Proteins, nutrients, blood gasses, electrolytes,
wastes
⫸What does albumin do? - ✅Attracts water into the cell
⫸What are the five kinds of white blood cells? - ✅Monocyte (eats bacteria),
Lymphocyte (immunity for flu/cold- b and t cells), Basophil (inflammation),
Eosinophil (allergies and parasites), and Neutrophil (phagocytes)
, ⫸What are the features and functions of a red blood cell? - ✅Biconcave disk, no
nuclei (no cell division), no organelles, gets ATP from glycolysis, cannot use the
O2 it carries (no mitochondria), contains hemoglobin
⫸What is hemopoiesis? - ✅Development of red blood cells
⫸What are the formed elements and what do they do? - ✅Erythrocytes (RBC):
carried oxygen
Leukocytes (WBC): immunity/ protection
Thrombocytes (Platelets): Clotting
⫸What are the agranular leukocytes? - ✅Monocytes and lymphocytes
⫸What is the difference between antigens and antibodies? - ✅Antigens are on
the blood cell and are what determine the blood type. Antibodies are in the plasma
and are not donated when whole blood is donated
⫸What changes fibrinogen to fibrin? - ✅Thrombin
⫸What is the production of melatonin inhibited by? - ✅Exposure to bright light
⫸The gonads produce what class of hormones?
a. amine hormones
b. peptide hormones
c. steroid hormones
d. catecholamines - ✅c. steroid hormones
⫸What is inhibin? - ✅A hormone secreted by the male and female gonads that
inhibits Follicle-Stimulating Hormone production by the anterior pituitary gland
⫸What hormones does the pancreas secrete? - ✅Glucagon and insulin
⫸What are the functions of glucagon and insulin? - ✅Glucagon: raises the blood
glucose levels using alpha cells
Insulin: lowers the blood glucose levels using beta cells
⫸If an autoimmune disorder targets the alpha cells, production of which hormone
would be directly affected?
a. somatostatin
Real Test bank | Updated 2025/2026
Correct Answers
⫸What are the four types of glucose metabolism? - ✅Glycolysis (glucose to
pyruvate), glycogenesis (glucose to glycogen), glycogenolysis (glycogen to
glucose), and gluconeogenesis (lipids/proteins to glucose)
⫸What are the four macromolecules? - ✅Protein- amino acids, carbohydrates,
lipids, and nucleic acids
⫸What are the four types of tissue? - ✅Connective, muscular, nervous, and
epithelium
⫸What are the three ways that hormones are triggered? - ✅Blood chemistry,
other glands, or the nervous system
⫸What are the effects of testosterone? - ✅Facial/pubic hair, development of
sperm cell, muscle deposition
⫸What are the effects of estrogen? - ✅Development of fat deposition in breast
tissue, widening of hips, pubic/ armpit hair, increase in libido, vocal chords
⫸What are the six steroid hormones? - ✅Cortisone, aldosterone, testosterone,
estrogen, progesterone, and calcitrol
⫸What does plasma contain? - ✅Proteins, nutrients, blood gasses, electrolytes,
wastes
⫸What does albumin do? - ✅Attracts water into the cell
⫸What are the five kinds of white blood cells? - ✅Monocyte (eats bacteria),
Lymphocyte (immunity for flu/cold- b and t cells), Basophil (inflammation),
Eosinophil (allergies and parasites), and Neutrophil (phagocytes)
, ⫸What are the features and functions of a red blood cell? - ✅Biconcave disk, no
nuclei (no cell division), no organelles, gets ATP from glycolysis, cannot use the
O2 it carries (no mitochondria), contains hemoglobin
⫸What is hemopoiesis? - ✅Development of red blood cells
⫸What are the formed elements and what do they do? - ✅Erythrocytes (RBC):
carried oxygen
Leukocytes (WBC): immunity/ protection
Thrombocytes (Platelets): Clotting
⫸What are the agranular leukocytes? - ✅Monocytes and lymphocytes
⫸What is the difference between antigens and antibodies? - ✅Antigens are on
the blood cell and are what determine the blood type. Antibodies are in the plasma
and are not donated when whole blood is donated
⫸What changes fibrinogen to fibrin? - ✅Thrombin
⫸What is the production of melatonin inhibited by? - ✅Exposure to bright light
⫸The gonads produce what class of hormones?
a. amine hormones
b. peptide hormones
c. steroid hormones
d. catecholamines - ✅c. steroid hormones
⫸What is inhibin? - ✅A hormone secreted by the male and female gonads that
inhibits Follicle-Stimulating Hormone production by the anterior pituitary gland
⫸What hormones does the pancreas secrete? - ✅Glucagon and insulin
⫸What are the functions of glucagon and insulin? - ✅Glucagon: raises the blood
glucose levels using alpha cells
Insulin: lowers the blood glucose levels using beta cells
⫸If an autoimmune disorder targets the alpha cells, production of which hormone
would be directly affected?
a. somatostatin
