EMPLOYMENT LAW EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS (2025)
Title 7 of Civil Rights At of 1964 - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅Contractor will not
discriminate against any employee or application for employment because of
- race
- colour
- religion
- age
- national origin
Why do contractors take affirmative action? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅to
ensure applicants are employed and treated during their employment without regard
to these
What actions are included in affirmative action? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅-
employment
- upgrading
- demotion
- transfer
- recruitment
- layoff
- pay rate
- selection of training
Pieces of Protective Employment Legislation - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅-
Americans with Disabilities Act
- Rehabilitation Act
- Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act
Affirmative Action - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅intentional inclusion of women
and minorities in the workplace based on a finding of their previous exclusion
Who has gained the most affirmative action? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅White
women
Timeline of Affirmative Action - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- First slaves in
America
- Civil War ends
- 13th Amendment to Constitution Abolishes Slavery
- Civil Rights Act of 1964 is Passed
- Civil Rights Act of 1964 becomes effective
- Voting Rights Act of 1965 is passed allowing African Americans to vote
- First Important Title VII case decided by US Supreme Court
- First workplace affirmative action decided by US Supreme Court
- Affirmative action is hotly debated
,- US House of Reps apologizes for slavery, Jim Crow, and aftermath, joing five
states that had already issued such resolutions
Voting Rights Act of 1965 - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅allowed African
Americans to vote
What was the first important Title VII case decided by the US Supreme Court? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅Griggs v Duke Power Co.
--> made it clear that equality meant equality in every way
What happened in the first workplace affirmative action decided by the US Supreme
Court? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅the court determined that affirmative action
is a viable means of effectuating the law and addressing present-day vestiges of the
346 year system that kept African Americans subjugated
In what areas are affirmative action hotly debated? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅Presidents (opposed) vs Federal Agencies responsible for enforcement
- Employers saw these public disagreements and were confused about what they
were required to do
How did politicians take advantage of Affirmative Action? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅using depiction of whites being fired from jobs in order to hire African
Americans
--> illegal under law but fed into constituent's fears
What employers does affirmative action not apply to? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅- those with 50 or more employees who have contracts with federal
government to provide government with goods or services worth 50,000 or more
- covers about 20% of workforce
Affirmative Actions an employer takes - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- expanded
outreach to groups that the employer has generally not made an effort to reach
- recruitment of groups the employer generally has not made an effort to recruit
- management training and development
- hiring
- training
- other attempts to bring into the workplace groups that have tended to be left out of
the employment process
When is affirmative action used? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅ONLY when there
is DEMONSTRATED underrepresentation or a finding of discrimination
What is affirmative action designed to remedy? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅present day employment inequities based on race or gendered
Why is affirmative action necessary? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅despite anti-
discrimination laws, minorities and women still lag behind in pay, jobs, and promotion
, What is the main argument against Affirmative Action? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅"Sins of the father"
National Labour Relations Act - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅allowed for the
power of collective bargaining by employees to gain employees more equitable,
stable working wages, and conditions
Fair Labour Standards Act - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅guaranteed a minimum
wage that could lift employees out of poverty
GI Bill - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅provided returning veterans of World War II
the right to receive financial assistance to go to college and low interest loans for
homes and businesses
Jim Crow Years - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- 75% of African Americans in
South and 60% worldwide were agricultural workers at the time
- these jobs were excluded from minimum wage laws
Executive Order 11246 - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- prohibits discrimination in
employment
Executive Order 11246: Contractors - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅for certain
contracts it requires that contractors who have underrepresentation of women and
minorities in their workplace agree to take steps to ensure adequate representation
What happens if a federal contractor does not follow affirmative action policy under
Executive Order 11246? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅Debar
Debar - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅prohibit a federal contractor from further
participation in government contracts
- in cases where employer refuses to remedy disparities found, they can be debarred
from further participation in government contracts
- rare occurrence
Who enforces Executive Order 11246? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅Office of
Federal Contract Compliance Programs in Employment Standards Administration
Office of Department and Labor
--> extensive regulations implementing executive order
What does the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs specifically
regulate? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- only employer's participation in federal
government contracts
- contains no provisions for private lawsuits by employees
- employees seeking redress must do so through their state's fair employment
practice laws
AND CORRECT ANSWERS (2025)
Title 7 of Civil Rights At of 1964 - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅Contractor will not
discriminate against any employee or application for employment because of
- race
- colour
- religion
- age
- national origin
Why do contractors take affirmative action? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅to
ensure applicants are employed and treated during their employment without regard
to these
What actions are included in affirmative action? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅-
employment
- upgrading
- demotion
- transfer
- recruitment
- layoff
- pay rate
- selection of training
Pieces of Protective Employment Legislation - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅-
Americans with Disabilities Act
- Rehabilitation Act
- Vietnam Era Veterans' Readjustment Assistance Act
Affirmative Action - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅intentional inclusion of women
and minorities in the workplace based on a finding of their previous exclusion
Who has gained the most affirmative action? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅White
women
Timeline of Affirmative Action - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- First slaves in
America
- Civil War ends
- 13th Amendment to Constitution Abolishes Slavery
- Civil Rights Act of 1964 is Passed
- Civil Rights Act of 1964 becomes effective
- Voting Rights Act of 1965 is passed allowing African Americans to vote
- First Important Title VII case decided by US Supreme Court
- First workplace affirmative action decided by US Supreme Court
- Affirmative action is hotly debated
,- US House of Reps apologizes for slavery, Jim Crow, and aftermath, joing five
states that had already issued such resolutions
Voting Rights Act of 1965 - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅allowed African
Americans to vote
What was the first important Title VII case decided by the US Supreme Court? -
CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅Griggs v Duke Power Co.
--> made it clear that equality meant equality in every way
What happened in the first workplace affirmative action decided by the US Supreme
Court? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅the court determined that affirmative action
is a viable means of effectuating the law and addressing present-day vestiges of the
346 year system that kept African Americans subjugated
In what areas are affirmative action hotly debated? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅Presidents (opposed) vs Federal Agencies responsible for enforcement
- Employers saw these public disagreements and were confused about what they
were required to do
How did politicians take advantage of Affirmative Action? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅using depiction of whites being fired from jobs in order to hire African
Americans
--> illegal under law but fed into constituent's fears
What employers does affirmative action not apply to? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅- those with 50 or more employees who have contracts with federal
government to provide government with goods or services worth 50,000 or more
- covers about 20% of workforce
Affirmative Actions an employer takes - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- expanded
outreach to groups that the employer has generally not made an effort to reach
- recruitment of groups the employer generally has not made an effort to recruit
- management training and development
- hiring
- training
- other attempts to bring into the workplace groups that have tended to be left out of
the employment process
When is affirmative action used? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅ONLY when there
is DEMONSTRATED underrepresentation or a finding of discrimination
What is affirmative action designed to remedy? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅present day employment inequities based on race or gendered
Why is affirmative action necessary? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅despite anti-
discrimination laws, minorities and women still lag behind in pay, jobs, and promotion
, What is the main argument against Affirmative Action? - CORRECT ANSWER
✅✅✅"Sins of the father"
National Labour Relations Act - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅allowed for the
power of collective bargaining by employees to gain employees more equitable,
stable working wages, and conditions
Fair Labour Standards Act - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅guaranteed a minimum
wage that could lift employees out of poverty
GI Bill - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅provided returning veterans of World War II
the right to receive financial assistance to go to college and low interest loans for
homes and businesses
Jim Crow Years - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- 75% of African Americans in
South and 60% worldwide were agricultural workers at the time
- these jobs were excluded from minimum wage laws
Executive Order 11246 - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- prohibits discrimination in
employment
Executive Order 11246: Contractors - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅for certain
contracts it requires that contractors who have underrepresentation of women and
minorities in their workplace agree to take steps to ensure adequate representation
What happens if a federal contractor does not follow affirmative action policy under
Executive Order 11246? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅Debar
Debar - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅prohibit a federal contractor from further
participation in government contracts
- in cases where employer refuses to remedy disparities found, they can be debarred
from further participation in government contracts
- rare occurrence
Who enforces Executive Order 11246? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅Office of
Federal Contract Compliance Programs in Employment Standards Administration
Office of Department and Labor
--> extensive regulations implementing executive order
What does the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs specifically
regulate? - CORRECT ANSWER ✅✅✅- only employer's participation in federal
government contracts
- contains no provisions for private lawsuits by employees
- employees seeking redress must do so through their state's fair employment
practice laws
