CRJS 324 FINAL EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT 2025

What are Federal Magistrates? - Correct Ans-They are federal equivalent of state trial court judges of limited jurisdiction Article I Judges (Not Article III Judges; Serve 8 year terms Do article I judges have to be reelected? - Correct Ans-Yes, Article III judges are the only ones who serve for life What do VA Magistrates do? - Correct Ans-warrants, grant police the power to arrest, and set bonds What are the different types of bonds? - Correct Ans-Personal Recognizance - when released under your own recognizance Secured - pay a percentage of the bond to not go to jail What are the main focus of Drug courts? - Correct Ans-Rehabilitation What is the mission of juvenile courts ? - Correct Ans-Rehabilitate and look for remedy Obligations of defense attorney? - Correct Ans-to zealously advocate for the client and maintain confidentiality of the client to tell all plea negotiations What is meant by the term discovery? - Correct Ans-formal process of exchanging information between the parties about the witnesses and evidence they'll present at trial. In civil cases both sides know everything in criminal cases defendant only has to give up exculpatory evidence T/F? - Correct Ans-True Which courts have Subject matter jurisdiction : - Correct Ans-Subject matter jurisdiction: The types of cases the court is entitled to hear Drug court, juvenile court, tax court, traffic court, small claims court etc. Law can be found in - Correct Ans-Appellate court opinions, codes/statutes, administrative regulations Motions of discovery in civil case - Correct Ans-Deposition: A deposition is an out-of-court statement given under oath by any person involved in the case Interrogatories: written questions that have to be answered in a certain time period Request for Admissions: Other party request for evidence to be given When does the defense attorney have the burden of proof? - Correct Ans-If I file a motion to suppress as a defense attorney and the commonwealth's attorney challenges I then have the burden of proof What are the burdens of proof and where they lie? - Correct Ans-Beyond Reasonable Doubt (criminal) Probable Cause (criminal) Clear and Convincing (civil) Preponderance of Evidence (civil) How does a judge become a judge? - Correct Ans-If I want to be a judge I have to be elected by legislature, appointed by president and approved by senate Appellate courts hear witness and examine physical evidence T/F - Correct Ans-False A criminal defendant has the responsibility to - Correct Ans-make a decision to accept a plea, testify, jury trial or bench trial Most state judges are appointed by president and confirmed by senate T/F ? - Correct Ans-FALSE its federal What is mediation? - Correct Ans-the process where an impartial third party helps disputing parties reach a resolution Mediation vs. Arbitration? - Correct Ans-Mediation helps come to a decision while Arbitrator makes decision Clerk of state court is responsible for maintaining order in court room - Correct Ans-False Commonwealth's attorney, Clerk of circuit court, and sheriff are elected by the people? T/F - Correct Ans-True Prior to trial, every party in civil action is entitled to disclosure of evidence to all relevant info unless info is privileged. T/F - Correct Ans-True What does privileged mean? - Correct Ans-Privileged means attorney client privilege. How do you cite a case? - Correct Ans-Appellant v Appelle, volume of reporter, name of reporter, page number, year that opinion was entered by court Civil cases begin with - Correct Ans-filing of pleadings with the court clerk The trial to determine if a child is guilty is called an __________ because juveniles are not found guilty, they are found not innocent - Correct Ans-adjudicatory hearing Substantive law? - Correct Ans-create legal obligations Procedural law? - Correct Ans-ways created to enforce legal obligations Original and appellate jurisdiction fall under the classification of - Correct Ans-hierarchical jurisdiction What is Mandatory and Discretionary jurisdiction and which courts have it? - Correct Ans-Mandatory jurisdiction: The court must hear all properly filed appeals Discretionary jurisdiction: The court can decide which cases it wants to hear Geographical jurisdiction? - Correct Ans-specified political boundaries, based on locality What is Original/ General jurisdiction jurisdiction and which courts have it? - Correct Ans-Original jurisdiction: The court's power to try a case and issue a ruling (Circuit Court) Courts of general jurisdiction are Trial courts that hear civil matters that have greater monetary value and felony cases. Also hear misdemeanor appeals What is appellate jurisdiction jurisdiction and which courts have it? - Correct Ans-Appellate jurisdiction: The court's authority to review decisions made by a lower court - (Court of Appeals, Supreme Court) What is Limited jurisdiction : - Correct Ans-Limited by types of cases such as traffic court, juvenile court, drug court District and Family Courts Can juveniles be sentenced? - Correct Ans-Juveniles are committed to the state, they aren't sentenced What are they two types of courts and how do they differ? - Correct Ans-Trial and Appellate Trial courts hear disputes over facts Appellate courts correct errors made by lower courts ( no witnesses, no trials, no jury) (Panel of Judges/Justices who write opinions) A person charged with a misdemeanor would most likely appear in what type of court? - Correct Ans-A trial court of limited jurisdiction