MGRADES
IB SEHS Exam Prep UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
long bones - CORRECT ANSWER - longer than they are wide, long cylindrical shaft,
ends are enlarged, includes the femur, humerus, metatarsals, and phalanges
par-q - CORRECT ANSWER - Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire: identifies
people who should not be tested in a field setting. Proceed with caution if a client answers yes to
one or more questions. May require physician clearance
par-q plus - CORRECT ANSWER -
short bones - CORRECT ANSWER - small, cube-shaped, usually articulate with more
than one bone, includes the tarsals and carpals
flat bones - CORRECT ANSWER - curved surfaces, large area for muscles to attach,
provide protection, can be very thick/thin, includes the ribs, scapula, sternum
sesamoid bones - CORRECT ANSWER - short bones embedded into tendon, places of
high pressure, include the patella (patella tendon/knee), and a set of smaller bones near the
metatarsals
irregular bones - CORRECT ANSWER - specialized shapes and functions, include the
coccyx, sacrum, mandible, and vertebrae
axial skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - central part of the skeleton, axis, contains 80
bones, includes the skull, ribs, sternum, vertebral column, mainly functions to protect
appendicular skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - bones built off of the axis, 126 bones,
used for movement, energy storage, muscle attachment, calcium/phosphorous storage
,MGRADES
articulate - CORRECT ANSWER - to form a joint
tendon - CORRECT ANSWER - connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
ligament - CORRECT ANSWER - connective tissue that connects bone to bone
cartilage - CORRECT ANSWER - reduces friction, absorbs shock, protects bones, layer of
strong protective tissue
posterior - CORRECT ANSWER - behind
anterior - CORRECT ANSWER - in front of
medial - CORRECT ANSWER - near the midline
lateral - CORRECT ANSWER - far from the midline, towards the sides
inferior - CORRECT ANSWER - below
superior - CORRECT ANSWER - above
articular cartilage - CORRECT ANSWER - cartilage that reduces friction, absorbs shock
where bones meet to form joints
synovial membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - membrane that secretes fluid into joint
cavity
,MGRADES
synovial fluid - CORRECT ANSWER - joint lubricant, very fluid with movement, reduces
friction, provides nutrients to the cartilage
bursae - CORRECT ANSWER - fluid-filled sacs, where bone/ligaments meet,
tendons/bones meet, or skin/bone meet, lined by synovial membrane, reduces friction
meniscus - CORRECT ANSWER - cushion-like fibrocartilage disk that is found between
some bones, particularly when they don't fit well, semi-lunar disk
articular capsule - CORRECT ANSWER - sleeve-like structure, allows joint movement
but protects from dislocation, fibers protect joint
proximal - CORRECT ANSWER - closer to the center of the body/attachment point
distal - CORRECT ANSWER - farther from the center of the body/attachment point
epiphysis - CORRECT ANSWER - the ending of the bone (proximal=closer to body's
axis, distal=farther from the body's axis)
order of vertebrae bones - CORRECT ANSWER - cervical(7), thoracic(12), lumbar(5),
sacral(5), coccygeal (4)
spongy bone - CORRECT ANSWER - (found primarily in the epiphyses), branching, bony
plates, reduced weight, tissue with branching and interconnected spaces, also called cancellous
bone, storage center of red bone marrow
diaphysis - CORRECT ANSWER - long shaft of the bone, made of compact bone,
encloses the medullary/marrow cavity
compact bone - CORRECT ANSWER - tightly packed tissue, resists bending, solid, dense,
homogenous, strong
, MGRADES
marrow cavity - CORRECT ANSWER - also called medullary cavity, where yellow bone
marrow is stored (in diaphysis)
bone marrow - CORRECT ANSWER - tissue that produces either blood cells, or stores
lipids
periosteum - CORRECT ANSWER - thin, shiny white membrane, outer lining of bone,
important for growth, repair, nutrition, and ligament/tendon attachment
fibrous joint - CORRECT ANSWER - joint that has a layer of fibrous tissue connects the
edges of two bones, continuous with the periosteum, no movement allowed, as in the sutures
between the parts of the skull
cartilaginous joint - CORRECT ANSWER - a disk of fibrocartilage or a thick layer of
hyaline cartilage separates bones (as in the ribs/sternum, and the vertebrae), limited movement
synovial joint - CORRECT ANSWER - most important joint for motility, with various
cartilages and capsules to protect
haemopoiesis - CORRECT ANSWER - blood cell production
bone - CORRECT ANSWER - a matrix of collagen (protein) fibers with water and mineral
salts, crystallized into hard tissue
Wolff's law - CORRECT ANSWER - bone adapts to the load it is placed under
joint (articular) cavity - CORRECT ANSWER - space between the bones
IB SEHS Exam Prep UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
long bones - CORRECT ANSWER - longer than they are wide, long cylindrical shaft,
ends are enlarged, includes the femur, humerus, metatarsals, and phalanges
par-q - CORRECT ANSWER - Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire: identifies
people who should not be tested in a field setting. Proceed with caution if a client answers yes to
one or more questions. May require physician clearance
par-q plus - CORRECT ANSWER -
short bones - CORRECT ANSWER - small, cube-shaped, usually articulate with more
than one bone, includes the tarsals and carpals
flat bones - CORRECT ANSWER - curved surfaces, large area for muscles to attach,
provide protection, can be very thick/thin, includes the ribs, scapula, sternum
sesamoid bones - CORRECT ANSWER - short bones embedded into tendon, places of
high pressure, include the patella (patella tendon/knee), and a set of smaller bones near the
metatarsals
irregular bones - CORRECT ANSWER - specialized shapes and functions, include the
coccyx, sacrum, mandible, and vertebrae
axial skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - central part of the skeleton, axis, contains 80
bones, includes the skull, ribs, sternum, vertebral column, mainly functions to protect
appendicular skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - bones built off of the axis, 126 bones,
used for movement, energy storage, muscle attachment, calcium/phosphorous storage
,MGRADES
articulate - CORRECT ANSWER - to form a joint
tendon - CORRECT ANSWER - connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
ligament - CORRECT ANSWER - connective tissue that connects bone to bone
cartilage - CORRECT ANSWER - reduces friction, absorbs shock, protects bones, layer of
strong protective tissue
posterior - CORRECT ANSWER - behind
anterior - CORRECT ANSWER - in front of
medial - CORRECT ANSWER - near the midline
lateral - CORRECT ANSWER - far from the midline, towards the sides
inferior - CORRECT ANSWER - below
superior - CORRECT ANSWER - above
articular cartilage - CORRECT ANSWER - cartilage that reduces friction, absorbs shock
where bones meet to form joints
synovial membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - membrane that secretes fluid into joint
cavity
,MGRADES
synovial fluid - CORRECT ANSWER - joint lubricant, very fluid with movement, reduces
friction, provides nutrients to the cartilage
bursae - CORRECT ANSWER - fluid-filled sacs, where bone/ligaments meet,
tendons/bones meet, or skin/bone meet, lined by synovial membrane, reduces friction
meniscus - CORRECT ANSWER - cushion-like fibrocartilage disk that is found between
some bones, particularly when they don't fit well, semi-lunar disk
articular capsule - CORRECT ANSWER - sleeve-like structure, allows joint movement
but protects from dislocation, fibers protect joint
proximal - CORRECT ANSWER - closer to the center of the body/attachment point
distal - CORRECT ANSWER - farther from the center of the body/attachment point
epiphysis - CORRECT ANSWER - the ending of the bone (proximal=closer to body's
axis, distal=farther from the body's axis)
order of vertebrae bones - CORRECT ANSWER - cervical(7), thoracic(12), lumbar(5),
sacral(5), coccygeal (4)
spongy bone - CORRECT ANSWER - (found primarily in the epiphyses), branching, bony
plates, reduced weight, tissue with branching and interconnected spaces, also called cancellous
bone, storage center of red bone marrow
diaphysis - CORRECT ANSWER - long shaft of the bone, made of compact bone,
encloses the medullary/marrow cavity
compact bone - CORRECT ANSWER - tightly packed tissue, resists bending, solid, dense,
homogenous, strong
, MGRADES
marrow cavity - CORRECT ANSWER - also called medullary cavity, where yellow bone
marrow is stored (in diaphysis)
bone marrow - CORRECT ANSWER - tissue that produces either blood cells, or stores
lipids
periosteum - CORRECT ANSWER - thin, shiny white membrane, outer lining of bone,
important for growth, repair, nutrition, and ligament/tendon attachment
fibrous joint - CORRECT ANSWER - joint that has a layer of fibrous tissue connects the
edges of two bones, continuous with the periosteum, no movement allowed, as in the sutures
between the parts of the skull
cartilaginous joint - CORRECT ANSWER - a disk of fibrocartilage or a thick layer of
hyaline cartilage separates bones (as in the ribs/sternum, and the vertebrae), limited movement
synovial joint - CORRECT ANSWER - most important joint for motility, with various
cartilages and capsules to protect
haemopoiesis - CORRECT ANSWER - blood cell production
bone - CORRECT ANSWER - a matrix of collagen (protein) fibers with water and mineral
salts, crystallized into hard tissue
Wolff's law - CORRECT ANSWER - bone adapts to the load it is placed under
joint (articular) cavity - CORRECT ANSWER - space between the bones
