Anatomy And Physiology For Health Professionals 3rd Edition MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND Answers

Anatomy And Physiology For Health Professionals 3rd Edition MIDTERM AND FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND Answers Acetylcholine - ANSWERS neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells action potential - ANSWERS nerve impulse troponin and tropomyosin - ANSWERS inhibitor substances Phosphocreatine - ANSWERS found in muscle tissue; provides a rapid source of high- energy ATP for muscle contraction muscle twitch - ANSWERS a single momentary muscle contraction, and is the response to a single stimulus. muscle tone - ANSWERS the state of balanced muscle tension that makes normal posture, coordination, and movement possible isotonic contraction - ANSWERS muscles contract and shorten, tensions remains the same isometric contraction - ANSWERS Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays the same length origin - ANSWERS attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during muscular contraction Insertion - ANSWERS attachment to movable bone Aponeurosis - ANSWERS A broad, flat tendon Tendon - ANSWERS Connects muscle to bone Agonist - ANSWERS muscle that contracts to produce a movement; prime mover Antagonist - ANSWERS muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover Synergist - ANSWERS Muscle that assists a prime mover Occipitalis - ANSWERS draws scalp backward Frontalis - ANSWERS raises eyebrows zygomaticus minor - ANSWERS retracts and elevates upper lip zygomaticus major - ANSWERS elevates corner of mouth as in laughing levator labii superioris - ANSWERS raises upper lip levator labii superioris alaeque nasi - ANSWERS raises upper lip and opens nostril Buccinator - ANSWERS compresses cheek Mentalis - ANSWERS protrudes lower lip orbicularis oris - ANSWERS closes lips Risoris - ANSWERS smiling muscle Masseter - ANSWERS closes jaw Temporalis - ANSWERS elevates and retracts mandible medial pterygoid - ANSWERS elevates mandible lateral pterygoid - ANSWERS brings jaw forward superior rectus - ANSWERS eye looks up inferior rectus - ANSWERS eye looks down medial rectus - ANSWERS moves eye medially lateral rectus - ANSWERS moves eye laterally inferior and superior rectus - ANSWERS rotates eyeball on axis Sternocleidomastoid - ANSWERS flexes neck; rotates head levator scapulae - ANSWERS elevates scapula rhomboid major - ANSWERS moves scapula backward and upward rhomboid minor - ANSWERS elevation and retraction of scapula pectoralis minor - ANSWERS depresses shoulder and rotates scapula downward Trapezius - ANSWERS draws head to one side, rotates scapula serratus anterior - ANSWERS pulls scapula anteriorly and downward Coracobrachialis - ANSWERS flexes and adducts arm pectoralis major - ANSWERS Adducts and flexes humerus teres major - ANSWERS extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm teres minor - ANSWERS rotates arm laterally and adducts Deltoid - ANSWERS shoulder; abducts arm Supraspinatus - ANSWERS abducts arm Infraspinatus - ANSWERS rotates humerus outward latissimus dorsi - ANSWERS Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward Brachialis - ANSWERS flexes forearm triceps brachii - ANSWERS extends and adducts forearm; three heads biceps brachii - ANSWERS Flexes and supinates forearm; two heads Anconeus - ANSWERS extends forearm; elbow Brachioradialis - ANSWERS flexes forearm