portage pathophysiology module 5
1. the respiratory conduction airways and respiratory tissues
system can be di-
vided into what 2
structures?
2. what are the lev- trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
els of branching?
3. site of gas ex- alveoli
change
4. what cells are in type I and II alevolar cells, machrophages
the alveolar ep-
ithelium?
5. describe what inspiration: air is drawn into the lungs as the respiratory muscles expand the chest
happens during cavity
inspiration and expiration: air moves out of the lungs as the chest muscles relax and the chest cavity
expiration becomes smaller
6. what occurs with the diaphragm is the main muscle of inspiration. when the diaphragm contracts
the diaphragm (inspiration), the chest expands. upon expiration, the chest cavity decreases and
during inspira- pressure inside increases
tion and expira-
tion
7. what is lung com- the ease with which lungs can be inflated.
pliance? what fac- affected by: elastin, collagen, elastic recoil and surface tension.
tors affect it?
8. ventilation movement of gases into and out of the lungs
9. perfusion process that allows blood flow to hep facilitate fas exchange
1/6
, portage pathophysiology module 5
10. diffusion movement of gases across the alveolar-capillary membrane
11. shunt occurs when blood flows through the lungs without participating in gas exchange,
often due to inadequate ventilation relative to perfusion
12. dead space air that is ventilated but not adequately perfused, meaning it doesn't participate
in gas exchange because the blood is not available to pick up oxygen and release
carbon dioxide
13. difference b/w a shunt is a problem with perfusion, while dead space is a problem with ventilation.
shunt and dead
space
14. oxyhemoglobin term used to describe when hemoglobin is bound with oxygen
15. affinity the ability of the hemoglobin molecule to bind oxygen in the lungs and release it
in the tissues depends on the affinity of the molecule
16. how is carbon as dissolved carbon dioxide, attached to hemoglobin or as bicarbonate
dioxide trans-
ported in the
blood
17. how is breathing by both chemoreceptors and lung receptors
controlled?
18. chemoreceptors monitor blood levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH. adjusts ventilation accord-
ingly
19. lung receptors monitor breathing patterns and lung function
20. characteristics of the pathogenesis includes inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial wall, hy-
COPD pertrophy of the submucosal glands and hyper secretion of mucus, and loss of
elastic lung fibers and alveolar tissue. this airflow obstruction causes a mismatch
2/6
1. the respiratory conduction airways and respiratory tissues
system can be di-
vided into what 2
structures?
2. what are the lev- trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
els of branching?
3. site of gas ex- alveoli
change
4. what cells are in type I and II alevolar cells, machrophages
the alveolar ep-
ithelium?
5. describe what inspiration: air is drawn into the lungs as the respiratory muscles expand the chest
happens during cavity
inspiration and expiration: air moves out of the lungs as the chest muscles relax and the chest cavity
expiration becomes smaller
6. what occurs with the diaphragm is the main muscle of inspiration. when the diaphragm contracts
the diaphragm (inspiration), the chest expands. upon expiration, the chest cavity decreases and
during inspira- pressure inside increases
tion and expira-
tion
7. what is lung com- the ease with which lungs can be inflated.
pliance? what fac- affected by: elastin, collagen, elastic recoil and surface tension.
tors affect it?
8. ventilation movement of gases into and out of the lungs
9. perfusion process that allows blood flow to hep facilitate fas exchange
1/6
, portage pathophysiology module 5
10. diffusion movement of gases across the alveolar-capillary membrane
11. shunt occurs when blood flows through the lungs without participating in gas exchange,
often due to inadequate ventilation relative to perfusion
12. dead space air that is ventilated but not adequately perfused, meaning it doesn't participate
in gas exchange because the blood is not available to pick up oxygen and release
carbon dioxide
13. difference b/w a shunt is a problem with perfusion, while dead space is a problem with ventilation.
shunt and dead
space
14. oxyhemoglobin term used to describe when hemoglobin is bound with oxygen
15. affinity the ability of the hemoglobin molecule to bind oxygen in the lungs and release it
in the tissues depends on the affinity of the molecule
16. how is carbon as dissolved carbon dioxide, attached to hemoglobin or as bicarbonate
dioxide trans-
ported in the
blood
17. how is breathing by both chemoreceptors and lung receptors
controlled?
18. chemoreceptors monitor blood levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH. adjusts ventilation accord-
ingly
19. lung receptors monitor breathing patterns and lung function
20. characteristics of the pathogenesis includes inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial wall, hy-
COPD pertrophy of the submucosal glands and hyper secretion of mucus, and loss of
elastic lung fibers and alveolar tissue. this airflow obstruction causes a mismatch
2/6
