NCTRC CTRS EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What ages are considered the early childhood stage? - Correct Answers -Birth-6
What are key developmental elements that occur during the early childhood stage? -
Correct Answers -Development of fundamental motor skills, communication skills, and
social skills, rapid body changes, important emphasis on play
What ages are considered the children stage? - Correct Answers -6-12
What are key developmental elements that occur during the children stage? - Correct
Answers -Social world expands, becomes involved in organized activities, still very
involved in play, improved hand eye coordination, friends become more important than
family
What ages are considered the adolescence stage? - Correct Answers -13-21
What does it mean to advocate? - Correct Answers -To recommend or plead for a
specific cause or policy and speak on behalf of another
What is the health insurance portability and accountability act? - Correct Answers -It
states that healthcare personnel cannot release patient information unless given
permission by the patient
What is normalization? - Correct Answers -That people with disabilities have the same
needs and desires as people without disabilities. Normalization would imply that people
with disabilities should have the same opportunities as anyone without a disability in
their life should be as typical as possible.
What are key developmental elements that occur during the adolescence stage? -
Correct Answers -Peer groups become more important than family, they struggle to
become more independent, body becomes, mature, interest in intimate, relationships,
near the end, family regains, importance
What ages are considered the early adulthood stage? - Correct Answers -21-30
, What are key developmental elements that occur during early adulthood stage? -
Correct Answers -Establish independence through education and occupation, serious,
intimate, relationships, lifelong leisure pursuits
What ages are considered the middle adulthood stage? - Correct Answers -30-50
What are key developmental elements that occur during middle adulthood stage? -
Correct Answers -Family and career take priority, involved in children's leisure, pursuits,
family oriented
What ages are considered the older adulthood stage? - Correct Answers -45-60
What are key developmental elements that occur during older adulthood stage? -
Correct Answers -Weight gain, reduction in strength and flexibility, common midlife
crisis, and depression
What ages are considered the senior adulthood stage? - Correct Answers -60-75
What are key developmental elements that occur during senior adulthood stage? -
Correct Answers -Great amounts of free time, beginning to experience, health,
problems, freedom to travel and participate in activities of their choosing
What ages are considered the old old stage? - Correct Answers -75-death
What are key developmental elements that occur during old old stage? - Correct
Answers -Physical deterioration can be rapid, as well as cognitive deterioration in the
world may become smaller due to deaths
Maslow's hierarchy - Correct Answers -Based on needs with the lowest level being
physiological in nature, then safety needs, social needs, and self-esteem needs with the
highest level being self actualization
Social learning theory - Correct Answers -By observing a behavior, a person learns by
also observing the consequence of that behavior and modeling behaviors is important
Experiential learning model - Correct Answers -One learns by reflecting on doing or
what one has done
Self-determination theory - Correct Answers -The motivation behind choices people
make without external influence and interference. The degree to which a persons
behavior is self motivated or self determined.
What are the three principles of behavior change? - Correct Answers -Self efficacy, the
attribution model, and the concept of learned helplessness
ANSWERS
What ages are considered the early childhood stage? - Correct Answers -Birth-6
What are key developmental elements that occur during the early childhood stage? -
Correct Answers -Development of fundamental motor skills, communication skills, and
social skills, rapid body changes, important emphasis on play
What ages are considered the children stage? - Correct Answers -6-12
What are key developmental elements that occur during the children stage? - Correct
Answers -Social world expands, becomes involved in organized activities, still very
involved in play, improved hand eye coordination, friends become more important than
family
What ages are considered the adolescence stage? - Correct Answers -13-21
What does it mean to advocate? - Correct Answers -To recommend or plead for a
specific cause or policy and speak on behalf of another
What is the health insurance portability and accountability act? - Correct Answers -It
states that healthcare personnel cannot release patient information unless given
permission by the patient
What is normalization? - Correct Answers -That people with disabilities have the same
needs and desires as people without disabilities. Normalization would imply that people
with disabilities should have the same opportunities as anyone without a disability in
their life should be as typical as possible.
What are key developmental elements that occur during the adolescence stage? -
Correct Answers -Peer groups become more important than family, they struggle to
become more independent, body becomes, mature, interest in intimate, relationships,
near the end, family regains, importance
What ages are considered the early adulthood stage? - Correct Answers -21-30
, What are key developmental elements that occur during early adulthood stage? -
Correct Answers -Establish independence through education and occupation, serious,
intimate, relationships, lifelong leisure pursuits
What ages are considered the middle adulthood stage? - Correct Answers -30-50
What are key developmental elements that occur during middle adulthood stage? -
Correct Answers -Family and career take priority, involved in children's leisure, pursuits,
family oriented
What ages are considered the older adulthood stage? - Correct Answers -45-60
What are key developmental elements that occur during older adulthood stage? -
Correct Answers -Weight gain, reduction in strength and flexibility, common midlife
crisis, and depression
What ages are considered the senior adulthood stage? - Correct Answers -60-75
What are key developmental elements that occur during senior adulthood stage? -
Correct Answers -Great amounts of free time, beginning to experience, health,
problems, freedom to travel and participate in activities of their choosing
What ages are considered the old old stage? - Correct Answers -75-death
What are key developmental elements that occur during old old stage? - Correct
Answers -Physical deterioration can be rapid, as well as cognitive deterioration in the
world may become smaller due to deaths
Maslow's hierarchy - Correct Answers -Based on needs with the lowest level being
physiological in nature, then safety needs, social needs, and self-esteem needs with the
highest level being self actualization
Social learning theory - Correct Answers -By observing a behavior, a person learns by
also observing the consequence of that behavior and modeling behaviors is important
Experiential learning model - Correct Answers -One learns by reflecting on doing or
what one has done
Self-determination theory - Correct Answers -The motivation behind choices people
make without external influence and interference. The degree to which a persons
behavior is self motivated or self determined.
What are the three principles of behavior change? - Correct Answers -Self efficacy, the
attribution model, and the concept of learned helplessness
