SJSU Kin 147 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Graded A+
Name different ways to assess muscle function? - Answers strength testing
manual muscle testing
dynamometry
electromyography
What is manual muscle testing (MMT)? - Answers -a test used to determine the extent of muscular
weakness as a result of disuse, injury, or disease
-can be used to aid diagnoses and plan therapeutic exercises when a strength deficit exists
concentric contraction - Answers muscle shortens as it maintains tension
eccentric contraction - Answers muscle lengthens as it maintains tension
isometric contraction - Answers Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays the same
length
What type of contraction is used during MMT? - Answers -usually isometric contraction
-examinar places patient in optimal position and tries to "break" the patient by moving them away from
their isometric hold
Where should the participant be placed for manual muscle testing? - Answers -in a position of
advantage
-muscle is generally placed at optimum muscle length tension relationship
What does an MMT grade of zero signify? - Answers none- no visible or palpablwe contraction
What does an MMT grade of 1 signify? - Answers trace- visible or palpable contraction with no motion
What does an MMT grade of 2 signify? - Answers poor- full ROM, gravity eliminated
What does an MMT grade of 3 signify? - Answers fair- full ROM against gravity
What does an MMT grade of 4 signify? - Answers good- full ROM against gravity, moderate resistance
What does an MMT grade of 5 signify? - Answers normal- full ROM against gravity, maximal resistance
T/F: You can modify a patients postion during a physical exam if they are unable to place themselves in
an optimal position by eliminating gravity - Answers True
, Where should the examiner place their hand during MMT? - Answers - in a position that maximizes
mechanical advantage by increasing moment arm of your resistance force (*think class 3 lever)
-to resist the patient isometrically, the amount of torque you apply must match the amount of torque
the patient applies (this is static equalibrium)
Torque equals... - Answers Force times moment arm
T=Fxd
T/F: muscle torque equals resistance torque - Answers true
What is dynamometry? - Answers the process of measuring forces that are doing work
Name 3 methods of dynamometry - Answers handheld
biodex
humac norm
isometric dynamometry - Answers push against immobile resistance
concentric dynamometry - Answers push against resistance; speed not consistent
eccentric dynamometry - Answers push against resistance; resistance wins
isokinetic - Answers push against resistance at constant speed
What type of dynamometry measure is the most common? - Answers isometric dynamometry
What can dynamometry measure? - Answers peak force
average force
power (force/time)
time to force peak or decline (fatigue)
What is the gold standard for dynamometry? - Answers isoketic dynamometry
What are the advantages of isokinetic dynamometry? - Answers -able to compare between subjects
-multiple measurement modes
-can measure any joint
-not reliant on test strength
Name different ways to assess muscle function? - Answers strength testing
manual muscle testing
dynamometry
electromyography
What is manual muscle testing (MMT)? - Answers -a test used to determine the extent of muscular
weakness as a result of disuse, injury, or disease
-can be used to aid diagnoses and plan therapeutic exercises when a strength deficit exists
concentric contraction - Answers muscle shortens as it maintains tension
eccentric contraction - Answers muscle lengthens as it maintains tension
isometric contraction - Answers Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays the same
length
What type of contraction is used during MMT? - Answers -usually isometric contraction
-examinar places patient in optimal position and tries to "break" the patient by moving them away from
their isometric hold
Where should the participant be placed for manual muscle testing? - Answers -in a position of
advantage
-muscle is generally placed at optimum muscle length tension relationship
What does an MMT grade of zero signify? - Answers none- no visible or palpablwe contraction
What does an MMT grade of 1 signify? - Answers trace- visible or palpable contraction with no motion
What does an MMT grade of 2 signify? - Answers poor- full ROM, gravity eliminated
What does an MMT grade of 3 signify? - Answers fair- full ROM against gravity
What does an MMT grade of 4 signify? - Answers good- full ROM against gravity, moderate resistance
What does an MMT grade of 5 signify? - Answers normal- full ROM against gravity, maximal resistance
T/F: You can modify a patients postion during a physical exam if they are unable to place themselves in
an optimal position by eliminating gravity - Answers True
, Where should the examiner place their hand during MMT? - Answers - in a position that maximizes
mechanical advantage by increasing moment arm of your resistance force (*think class 3 lever)
-to resist the patient isometrically, the amount of torque you apply must match the amount of torque
the patient applies (this is static equalibrium)
Torque equals... - Answers Force times moment arm
T=Fxd
T/F: muscle torque equals resistance torque - Answers true
What is dynamometry? - Answers the process of measuring forces that are doing work
Name 3 methods of dynamometry - Answers handheld
biodex
humac norm
isometric dynamometry - Answers push against immobile resistance
concentric dynamometry - Answers push against resistance; speed not consistent
eccentric dynamometry - Answers push against resistance; resistance wins
isokinetic - Answers push against resistance at constant speed
What type of dynamometry measure is the most common? - Answers isometric dynamometry
What can dynamometry measure? - Answers peak force
average force
power (force/time)
time to force peak or decline (fatigue)
What is the gold standard for dynamometry? - Answers isoketic dynamometry
What are the advantages of isokinetic dynamometry? - Answers -able to compare between subjects
-multiple measurement modes
-can measure any joint
-not reliant on test strength
