CHAPTER 9: MICROBIOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS A
CLINICAL APPROACH, 4TH EDITION COMPLETE NEWEST
VERIFIED VERSION
1.Outcomes of Methods of Microbial Control Outside the Body - answer
>Sterilization
>Disinfection
>Decontamination/Sanitization
>Antisepsis
2.Characteristics of ideal disinfectant - answer -Physical process or chemical
agent to destroy vegetative pathogens.
-Removes harmful products of microorganism (toxins) from material
3.STUDY!!!! Methods of evaluating disinfectants - answer 1.The phenol
coefficient (quantitaively compares a cheimcal's antimicrobial properties to those
of phenol.
4.Sterilization - answer Autoclave
>Destroys everything including viruses & spores
5.Disinfection - answer Chemicals
>Bleach
,>Iodine
>Boiling
>Kills everything except spores
6.Decontamination/Sanitization - answer Detergents
>Soaps
>Commercial dishwashers
>Removes microorganisms & debris to reduce contamination to safe levels
7.Antisepsis - answer Alcohol
Surgical hand scrubs
-Reduces number of microbes on human skin (a form of decontamination, but on
living tissues)
-A chemical agent applied directly to body surface to inhibit vegetative pathogens.
8.Degermination - answer -The physical removal of surface oil, debris, and soil
form skin to reduce the microbial load.
9.Two broad method of controlling microorganisms - answer 1. Physical: Heat
2. Chemical: Radiation, Filtration, Ultrasonic Wave, Cold
10.Mode of Action of Anti-microbial Agents - answer 1. The Cell Wall
2. The cytoplasmic membrane
, 3. Cellular synthetic process: DNA and RNA
4. Proteins
>Others: Presence of interfering matter, Microbial load, Concentration and action
of agents, temperature of environment, and relative resistance of population.
11.Action of Surfactants - answer -Change the permeability of the cell membrane
-Effect the cell membrane of organisms.
12.Halogens - answer Have two kinds: chlorine and iodine.
13.Relative Resistance - answer Prions
Bacterial endospores
... all the way to ...
Enveloped viruses
14.Bactericide - answer Chemical that destroys bacteria except for those at the
endospore stage
14.Fungicide - answer Chemical that can kill fungal spores
15.Virucide - answer Chemical known to inactivate viruses, especially on living
tissue
16.Sporicide - answer An agent capable of destroying bacterial endospores
CLINICAL APPROACH, 4TH EDITION COMPLETE NEWEST
VERIFIED VERSION
1.Outcomes of Methods of Microbial Control Outside the Body - answer
>Sterilization
>Disinfection
>Decontamination/Sanitization
>Antisepsis
2.Characteristics of ideal disinfectant - answer -Physical process or chemical
agent to destroy vegetative pathogens.
-Removes harmful products of microorganism (toxins) from material
3.STUDY!!!! Methods of evaluating disinfectants - answer 1.The phenol
coefficient (quantitaively compares a cheimcal's antimicrobial properties to those
of phenol.
4.Sterilization - answer Autoclave
>Destroys everything including viruses & spores
5.Disinfection - answer Chemicals
>Bleach
,>Iodine
>Boiling
>Kills everything except spores
6.Decontamination/Sanitization - answer Detergents
>Soaps
>Commercial dishwashers
>Removes microorganisms & debris to reduce contamination to safe levels
7.Antisepsis - answer Alcohol
Surgical hand scrubs
-Reduces number of microbes on human skin (a form of decontamination, but on
living tissues)
-A chemical agent applied directly to body surface to inhibit vegetative pathogens.
8.Degermination - answer -The physical removal of surface oil, debris, and soil
form skin to reduce the microbial load.
9.Two broad method of controlling microorganisms - answer 1. Physical: Heat
2. Chemical: Radiation, Filtration, Ultrasonic Wave, Cold
10.Mode of Action of Anti-microbial Agents - answer 1. The Cell Wall
2. The cytoplasmic membrane
, 3. Cellular synthetic process: DNA and RNA
4. Proteins
>Others: Presence of interfering matter, Microbial load, Concentration and action
of agents, temperature of environment, and relative resistance of population.
11.Action of Surfactants - answer -Change the permeability of the cell membrane
-Effect the cell membrane of organisms.
12.Halogens - answer Have two kinds: chlorine and iodine.
13.Relative Resistance - answer Prions
Bacterial endospores
... all the way to ...
Enveloped viruses
14.Bactericide - answer Chemical that destroys bacteria except for those at the
endospore stage
14.Fungicide - answer Chemical that can kill fungal spores
15.Virucide - answer Chemical known to inactivate viruses, especially on living
tissue
16.Sporicide - answer An agent capable of destroying bacterial endospores
