PSU BBH 101 final exam
questions & answers
biomedical model - ANSWERSsuggests that illness always has a biological cause
*only really focuses on pathogens and how people get sick
biobehavioral model - ANSWERSrecognizes biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces in
determining an individuals health and vulnerability to disease
*a more "well rounded" view of health
hypothesis - ANSWERSan idea that someone has about something
theory - ANSWERSan idea that has been proven over and over
p-value - ANSWERStells you the probability of obtaining your result if there really is no
relationship between the variables that you are testing (rules out likelihood of random chance)
*p-vaules of LESS THAN 0.05 is generally accepted as a significant finding
prevalence - ANSWERSnumber of current cases of something
incidence - ANSWERSnumber of new cases of something
Case-study - ANSWERSA description of one patient
*useful for unique cases, but not really for finding out what causes a condition
*low explanatory capabilities
, Cross-sectional study - ANSWERSTaken at "one point in time", and no follow up is given
*typically a survey
*you can see correlation, but not causation
Case control study - ANSWERSA group that has the thing you're studying for, and a group that
does not have the thing you're studying for
*uses odds ratio to measure results
odds ratio - ANSWERStells how much more likely people with the exposure are to have an
outcome; a higher number equals a greater risk (compared to the group without the exposure)
cohort study - ANSWERSno one in the study has the outcome you're looking for, but some are
exposed to what you believe to be a risk
*you can examine cause/effect from this!!!
How do you make the groups you are studying as similar as possible? - ANSWERSRandom
assignments: randomly assign people to the groups
Blinding: concealing what group they are a part of (can be single, double, or triple)
Good placebo: make it look similar to the actual drug or whatever you are testing for so that
people can't obviously tell it's fake
Phase 1 of clinical drug trials - ANSWERSDrug is tested for safety, usually tested on a group that
doesn't have the disease
Phase 2 of clinical drug trials - ANSWERSRCT happen, and the drug is tested to determine the
effectiveness against a placebo
questions & answers
biomedical model - ANSWERSsuggests that illness always has a biological cause
*only really focuses on pathogens and how people get sick
biobehavioral model - ANSWERSrecognizes biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces in
determining an individuals health and vulnerability to disease
*a more "well rounded" view of health
hypothesis - ANSWERSan idea that someone has about something
theory - ANSWERSan idea that has been proven over and over
p-value - ANSWERStells you the probability of obtaining your result if there really is no
relationship between the variables that you are testing (rules out likelihood of random chance)
*p-vaules of LESS THAN 0.05 is generally accepted as a significant finding
prevalence - ANSWERSnumber of current cases of something
incidence - ANSWERSnumber of new cases of something
Case-study - ANSWERSA description of one patient
*useful for unique cases, but not really for finding out what causes a condition
*low explanatory capabilities
, Cross-sectional study - ANSWERSTaken at "one point in time", and no follow up is given
*typically a survey
*you can see correlation, but not causation
Case control study - ANSWERSA group that has the thing you're studying for, and a group that
does not have the thing you're studying for
*uses odds ratio to measure results
odds ratio - ANSWERStells how much more likely people with the exposure are to have an
outcome; a higher number equals a greater risk (compared to the group without the exposure)
cohort study - ANSWERSno one in the study has the outcome you're looking for, but some are
exposed to what you believe to be a risk
*you can examine cause/effect from this!!!
How do you make the groups you are studying as similar as possible? - ANSWERSRandom
assignments: randomly assign people to the groups
Blinding: concealing what group they are a part of (can be single, double, or triple)
Good placebo: make it look similar to the actual drug or whatever you are testing for so that
people can't obviously tell it's fake
Phase 1 of clinical drug trials - ANSWERSDrug is tested for safety, usually tested on a group that
doesn't have the disease
Phase 2 of clinical drug trials - ANSWERSRCT happen, and the drug is tested to determine the
effectiveness against a placebo
