NURS 6501 FINAL EXAM (3 Versions, 2020) / NURS6501 FINAL EXAM : (100 Q & A in Each, Total 300 Questions, 100% Correct)

NURS-6501N Final Exam User Course NURS-6501N-58,Advanced Pathophysiology.2020 Spring Qtr 02/24-05/17-PT27 Test Exam - Week 11 Final Started 5/10/20 6:24 PM Submitted 5/10/20 8:19 PM Due Date 5/11/20 1:59 AM Status Completed Attempt Score 98 out of 100 points Time Elapsed 1 hour, 54 minutes out of 2 hours Results Displayed Submitted Answers • Question 1 1 out of 1 points What is the link between major depression and cortisol secretion? Selected Answer: Individuals with depression show that persistently elevated plasma cortisol levels can result in inflammation that is believed to trigger depression. • Question 2 1 out of 1 points A patient has chronic anemia associated with chronic renal failure. What substance does the healthcare professional tell the patient is needed to treat this anemia? Selected Answer: Erythropoietin • Question 3 1 out of 1 points What is the first indication of nephrotic syndrome in children? Selected Answer: Periorbital edema • Question 4 1 out of 1 points A patient is in the Emergency Department with heat stroke. What finding does the healthcare provider associate with this condition? Selected Answer: Absence of sweating despite a high core temperature • Question 5 1 out of 1 points Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots, and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis? Selected Answer: Abnormal uterine bleeding • Question 6 1 out of 1 points The health care professional is caring for a person who has a pathologic fracture. The patient asks the professional to explain the condition. What response by the professional is best? Selected Answer: A fracture that happens at the site of an abnormality already in that bone. • Question 7 1 out of 1 points A patient has a temporary displacement of two bones in a joint causing the bone surfaces to partially lose contact with each other. What treatment does the health care professional prepare the patient for? Selected Answer: Reduction and immobilization • Question 8 1 out of 1 points Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom? Selected Answer: Excessive mucus production • Question 9 1 out of 1 points An infant has gluten-sensitive enteropathy and the parents ask the healthcare professional to explain why the baby bruises so easily. The professional explains that the baby has which deficit? Selected Answer: Vitamin K deficiency from fat malabsorption • Question 10 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional advises a pregnant woman to add supplements of which nutrient to her diet to prevent birth defects? Selected Answer: Folate • Question 11 1 out of 1 points A mother reports that her young teens have voracious appetites. The healthcare professional would explain that which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty? Selected Answer: Leptin • Question 12 1 out of 1 points Why is nasal congestion a serious threat to young infants? Selected Answer: Infants are obligatory nose breathers. • Question 13 1 out of 1 points A student studying osteomyelitis and asks for an explanation of the term sequestrum. What response by the professor is best? Selected Answer: An area of devascularized and devitalized bone • Question 14 1 out of 1 points Which statement by the healthcare professional accurately describes childhood asthma? Selected Answer: An obstructive airway disease characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, bronchial hyperreactivity, and inflammation • Question 15 1 out of 1 points A patient has a spinal cord injury at C4. What should the healthcare professional assess as the priority in this patient? Selected Answer: Respirations • Question 16 1 out of 1 points Which cells function to maintain bone matrix? Selected Answer: Osteocytes • Question 17 1 out of 1 points To quickly assess a patient's nervous system for dysfunction, what assessment should the healthcare professional perform as the priority? Selected Answer: Level of consciousness • Question 18 1 out of 1 points What is the effect of low plasma albumin? Selected Answer: Osmotic pressure decreases; thus water moves from the capillaries to the interstitium. • Question 19 1 out of 1 points Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma? Selected Answer: IgE • Question 20 1 out of 1 points Which mother does the healthcare professional prepare to administer Rh immune globulin (Rho-GAM) to? Selected Answer: Is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive • Question 21 1 out of 1 points A parent brings a 10-year-old child to the clinic and reports a mottled appearance to the skin and legs cramps when the child is in physical education class. Physical assessment positive for upper extremity hypertension. What diagnostic testing or treatment does the healthcare professional prepare the family for? Selected Answer: An echocardiogram • Question 22 1 out of 1 points In order to help prevent a preadolescent girl from developing later cervical cancer, which virus does the healthcare professional recommend vaccination against to the parent? Selected Answer: Human papillomavirus (HPV) • Question 23 1 out of 1 points Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain? Selected Answer: Gate control theory (GCT) • Question 24 1 out of 1 points A newborn baby displays jaundice 20 hours after birth. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Draw blood to measure total bilirubin. • Question 25 1 out of 1 points What causes the vasomotor flushes (hot flashes) that are associated with declining ovarian function with age? Selected Answer: Rapid changes in estrogen levels • Question 26 1 out of 1 points In acute hypothermia, what physiologic change shunts blood away from the colder skin to the body core in an effort to decrease heat loss? Selected Answer: Peripheral vasoconstriction • Question 27 1 out of 1 points How does the epididymis become infected? Selected Answer: The pathogenic microorganisms ascend the vasa deferentia from an already infected urethra or bladder. • Question 28 1 out of 1 points What are the clinical manifestations of testicular cancer? Selected Answer: Firm, nontender testicular mass • Question 29 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is discussing breast feeding with a pregnant woman. Which beneficial substance does the professional tell the mother is found in breast milk? Selected Answer: IgA • Question 30 1 out of 1 points The disruption in cellular adhesion observed in bullous impetigo is caused by an exfoliative toxin related to which organism? Selected Answer: Staphylococcus aureus • Question 31 1 out of 1 points A patient has been exposed to prolonged high environmental temperatures and now shows signs of dehydration, decreased plasma volumes, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and tachycardia. What treatment does the healthcare professional prepare to administer to this patient? Selected Answer: Give the patient plenty of cool fluids to drink. • Question 32 1 out of 1 points A woman who is positive for hepatitis B is in labor. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Immunize the newborn within 12 hours. • Question 33 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is planning a community event to reduce risk of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in high risk groups. Which group would the professional target as the priority? Selected Answer: Hypertension • Question 34 1 out of 1 points A pregnant woman is seen for the first time at 6 months' gestation and has not taken prenatal vitamins. The healthcare professional educates the woman on the need for a blood test specifically to assess what substance? Selected Answer: a-Fetoprotein • Question 35 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is seeing a patient with suspected schizophrenia. For which prenatal occurrence should the professional assess? Selected Answer: Viral infection • Question 36 1 out of 1 points What congenital malformation is commonly linked to acute leukemia in children? Selected Answer: Down syndrome • Question 37 1 out of 1 points Parents bring their 1-year-old child to the emergency department, reporting that the child has been irritable and pounding on her head, has projectile vomiting, and seems very sleepy for most of the last 3 days. What diagnostic testing does the healthcare professional prepare the child and parents for as the priority? Selected Answer: Lumbar puncture with CSF cultures • Question 38 1 out of 1 points A patient in the hospital has been receiving heparin injections. The platelet count on admission was 222,000/mm 3 and four days later is 113,000/mm 3. What action by the healthcare professional is best? Selected Answer: Switch the heparin to lepirudin • Question 39 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional works with recent refugees. A mother brings in her children who have been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. What action by the professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Arrange to test for parasitic infections. • Question 40 1 out of 1 points Which patient finding would lead the health care professional to assess the patient for inflammatory joint disease? Selected Answer: Systemic symptoms of inflammation • Question 41 1 out of 1 points A student asks the professor what the most common pathophysiologic process is that triggers aplastic anemia (AA). What response by the professor is most accurate? Selected Answer: Autoimmune disease against hematopoiesis by activated cytotoxic T (Tc) cells • Question 42 1 out of 1 points A student is learning about pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). What information does the student clarify with a study partner as being correct? Selected Answer: Such an inflammation may result in permanent changes to the ciliated epithelium of the fallopian tubes. • Question 43 1 out of 1 points A patient in the healthcare clinic reports fatigue, weakness, and dyspnea, as well as pale conjunctiva of the eyes and brittle, concave nails. What assessment by the healthcare professional is most appropriate for the suspected anemia? Selected Answer: Oral mucus membranes and tongue • Question 44 1 out of 1 points A patient is 8 hours postoperative after a long orthopedic procedure. The student asks why this patient is at particular risk of developing a thromboembolism. What response by the healthcare professional is best? Selected Answer: Patients tend to have venous stasis from orthopedic operations. • Question 45 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional suspects a patient is brain dead. How would the professional assess for brain death? Selected Answer: Remove the patient's ventilator to see if spontaneous breathing occurs.. • Question 46 1 out of 1 points An adult patient has been hospitalized with thrombocytopenia with a platelet count of 8000/mm 3. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Tell the patient not to get out of bed without assistance. • Question 47 1 out of 1 points A child with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is voiding smoky, brown-colored urine and asks the healthcare professional to explain what causes it. What explanation by the professional is best? Selected Answer: Presence of red blood cells • Question 48 1 out of 1 points A patient has pernicious anemia and asks the healthcare professional to explain the disease. Which statement by the professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: Your body cannot absorb vitamin B 12. • Question 49 1 out of 1 points In immunoglobulin G (IgG) nephropathies such as glomerulonephritis, IgG is deposited in which location? Selected Answer: Glomerulus basement membranes • Question 50 1 out of 1 points A child has iron deficiency anemia. In addition to iron supplements, what else does the healthcare professional educate the parents on giving the child? Selected Answer: Vitamin C • Question 51 1 out of 1 points When are childhood cancers most often diagnosed? Selected Answer: At peak time of physical growth • Question 52 1 out of 1 points Without prior exposure to an antigen, which cells are able to destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus-infected cells? Selected Answer: Natural killer (NK) cells • Question 53 1 out of 1 points A patient has hepatomegaly, bronze-colored skin, and cardiac dysrhythmias. What condition does the healthcare professional prepare to teach the patient about? Selected Answer: Pernicious anemia • Question 54 1 out of 1 points How should the healthcare professional reply when parents question why a computed tomographic (CT) scan of the head was not ordered for their 5-year-old child after a minor fall? Selected Answer: Research suggests that repeated CT scans can increase the risk of developing brain cancer • Question 55 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is trying to lower a patient's body temperature by convection. What action by the professional will accomplish this? Selected Answer: Obtain a fan and set it to blow over the patient. • Question 56 1 out of 1 points A patient has primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and is hospitalized after a bleeding episode. What treatment does the healthcare provider anticipate being ordered for this patient? Selected Answer: Infusion of IVIG • Question 57 1 out of 1 points A student reads in a chart that a child has been diagnosed with mixed precocious puberty and asks for an explanation. What explanation by the healthcare professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: When early puberty has signs of physical and hormonal abnormalities • Question 58 1 out of 1 points A woman attempting to conceive tells the healthcare professional that she and her partner have intercourse when her basal body temperature (BBT) is around 37˚C (98˚F) without getting pregnant. What information does the professional give the woman? Selected Answer: Temperature alone is not the most accurate way to predict ovulation • Question 59 1 out of 1 points A student reads in a chart that a baby was born with an encephalocele. The student asks the healthcare professional to explain this condition. What explanation by the healthcare professional is best? Selected Answer: A herniation or protrusion of brain and meninges through a defect in the skull • Question 60 1 out of 1 points A student asks the healthcare professional why researchers are trying to link specific genes to specific asthma phenotypes. What response by the professional is best? Selected Answer: It can lead to personalized approaches to treatment. • Question 61 1 out of 1 points A health care professional is teaching a group of college women about increasing calcium in the diet to prevent osteoporosis. A participant asks at what age is peak bone mass is reached in women. What response is best? Selected Answer: 30 years • Question 62 1 out of 1 points The student wants to know how the clinical manifestations and onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) differ from those of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults. What answer by the healthcare professional is best? Selected Answer: JIA predominantly affects large joints. • Question 63 1 out of 1 points A child has Duchenne muscular dystrophy. What complication does the healthcare professional teach the parents is most important to control? Selected Answer: Respiratory infection • Question 64 1 out of 1 points A 9-year-old child has a blood pressure of 112/72 mmHg in the school nurse's office. What action by the school nurse is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Note the normal finding in the child's records. • Question 65 0 out of 1 points An infant is brought to the emergency department by parents who report that the baby's fontanels seem to be bulging outward. What action by the healthcare provider is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Determine how much fluid the baby had in the last 24 hours. • Question 66 1 out of 1 points What diagnosis is given to parents when their infant's hip maintains contact with the acetabulum but is not well seated within the hip joint? Selected Answer: Subluxated hip • Question 67 1 out of 1 points The student asks the professor for a definition of orexigenic neurons. What description by the professor is most accurate? Selected Answer: Promote appetite and stimulate eating • Question 68 1 out of 1 points A patient is in the intensive care unit and has intercranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. The patient's ICP is 17 mmHg. The healthcare professional notes that the chart indicates the patient is now in stage 1 intracranial hypertension. What assessment finding does the professional associate with this condition? Selected Answer: No significant change in ICP readings upil changes • Question 69 1 out of 1 points A preschool teacher notices a child who has burrows on the hands that are several millimeters to 1 cm long, papules, and vesicular lesions. What other assessment finding would help the teacher determine the type of infestation the child has? Selected Answer: Ask the child if itching occurs at night. • Question 70 1 out of 1 points A man has balanitis. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Perform a finger stick for a blood glucose reading. • Question 71 1 out of 1 points Which condition is consistent with the cardiac defect of transposition of the great vessels? Selected Answer: The aorta arises from the right ventricle. • Question 72 1 out of 1 points A newborn has meconium ileus. What diagnostic test does the healthcare professional advise the parents about? Selected Answer: A sweat test • Question 73 1 out of 1 points Which condition is considered a clinical cause of amenorrhea? Selected Answer: Failure to ovulate • Question 74 1 out of 1 points The healthcare professional directs a student to assess a teen who has Osgood-Schlatter disease. What assessment finding does the student anticipate for this disorder? Selected Answer: Tendinitis of the anterior patellar tendon • Question 75 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is educating a community men's group on symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The professional relates that most symptoms are a result of which pathophysiologic condition? Selected Answer: Compression of the urethra • Question 76 1 out of 1 points A patient has been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and asks the healthcare professional to describe it. What description by the professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: ALL is a progressive neoplasm defined by the presence of greater than 30% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow or blood. • Question 77 1 out of 1 points A child has cystic fibrosis (CF). Which medication does the healthcare professional teach the parents about? Selected Answer: Pancreatic enzymes • Question 78 1 out of 1 points A woman diagnosed with trichomoniasis asks if her sexual partner should be treated as well. What is the appropriate response by the healthcare professional? Selected Answer: Sexual partners should be treated even if they are asymptomatic. • Question 79 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is caring for a patient diagnosed with aphasia. What action by the professional would be best in working with this patient? Selected Answer: Provide speech therapy. • Question 80 1 out of 1 points In which stage of syphilis would the following clinical manifestations be found: destructive skin, bone and soft tissue lesions, aneurysms, heart failure, and neurosyphilis? Selected Answer: Tertiary • Question 81 1 out of 1 points What is the most abundant class of plasma protein? Selected Answer: Albumin • Question 82 1 out of 1 points A baby is born with a myelomeningocele and needs urgent surgery to repair the defect. The parents want to take the baby home instead. What does the healthcare professional tell the parents about the purpose of this surgery? Selected Answer: 1cAdditional nervous system damage will occur the longer we wait. 1d • Question 83 1 out of 1 points A student asks the health care professional why obese people are at higher risk for hypertension than non-obese individuals. What response by the professional is best? Selected Answer: They produce more angiotensinogen. • Question 84 1 out of 1 points In the majority of children experiencing delayed puberty, what is the problem caused by? Selected Answer: Physiologic delays in maturation • Question 85 1 out of 1 points A patient has been diagnosed with lithium toxicity. Which electrolyte imbalance does the healthcare professional correlate with this condition? Selected Answer: Hyponatremia • Question 86 0 out of 1 points A healthcare professional has educated a student on folic acid. Which statement by the student indicates that more teaching is needed? Selected Answer: Folic acid is stored in the liver. • Question 87 1 out of 1 points A patient had a seizure that consisted of impaired consciousness and the appearance of a dreamlike state. How does the healthcare professional chart this episode? Selected Answer: Complex focal seizure • Question 88 1 out of 1 points A health care professional is caring for a patient admitted to the hospital with severe anorexia. What action by the health care professional would be most important? Selected Answer: Ensuring the patient is on a cardiac monitor • Question 89 1 out of 1 points Parents report their 3-week-old infant who eats well and has gained weight began to have projectile vomiting for no apparent reason. What treatment option does the healthcare professional prepare to educate the parents on? Selected Answer: Corrective surgery • Question 90 1 out of 1 points Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) can result in which type of cancer? Selected Answer: Vaginal cancer • Question 91 1 out of 1 points An infant has been diagnosed with intussusception and the student asks the healthcare professional to explain the condition. What explanation by the professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: One part of the intestine telescopes into another section of the intestine. • Question 92 1 out of 1 points Local signs and symptoms of Hodgkin disease-related lymphadenopathy are a result of what? Selected Answer: Pressure and obstruction • Question 93 1 out of 1 points A woman has been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome but is confused because her pelvic ultrasound (US) was read as normal and did not show cysts. What response by the health care professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: You do not need to have cysts on your ovaries to have this condition. • Question 94 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional wants to volunteer for a community education project to help prevent spinal cord injury. What activity would the professional most likely volunteer for? Selected Answer: Teaching older adults how to prevent trip-and-fall events • Question 95 1 out of 1 points A person has abnormally severe tooth decay and erosion of the tooth enamel. What problem should the health care professional assess the person for? Selected Answer: Bulimia • Question 96 1 out of 1 points What is the consequence of a splenectomy? Selected Answer: The number of defective cells in circulation increases. • Question 97 1 out of 1 points A patient is admitted to the hospital with multiple myeloma (MM). Which diagnostic test should the healthcare professional assess as the priority? Selected Answer: Serum calcium level • Question 98 1 out of 1 points A patient has been hospitalized with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The patient asks how this could have occurred. What response by the healthcare professional is best? Selected Answer: It is often preceded by a viral illness. • Question 99 1 out of 1 points A parent asks the healthcare professional to explain why a child diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot squats frequently. What explanation by the professional is best? Selected Answer: Relieves hypoxia • Question 100 1 out of 1 points A patient is in status epilepticus. In addition to giving medication to stop the seizures, what would the healthcare professional place highest priority on? Selected Answer: Providing oxygen • Question 101 0 out of 0 points When completing this exam, did you comply with Walden University's Code of Conduct including the expectations for academic integrity? Selected Answer: Yes