DMSU 210
DMSU 210 FINAL EXAM PREP (ALL
MODULES) QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS NEWEST
UPDATE 2025
Alkaline phosphatase - Correct Ans-Elevation of which of the following laboratory values
is most associated with biliary obstruction?
Alkaline phosphatase
Amylase
ALT
AST
3 mm - Correct Ans-What is the upper limit of normal gallbladder wall thickness if the
patient is fasting?
3 cm
3 mm
5 cm
5 mm
All of the above - Correct Ans-Multiple patient positions are important when scanning
the gallbladder because:
Gallstones are mobile.
Bowel can move out of the way.
The gallbladder moves when the patient moves.
All of the above
Posterior enhancement - Correct Ans-Which of the following is NOT characteristic of
gallstones?
Echogenic
Mobile
Posterior shadowing
Posterior enhancement
A gallbladder that is completely filled with stones - Correct Ans-The sonographic WES
sign is characteristic of:
A dilated gallbladder with stones
A gallbladder that is completely filled with stones
Acute cholecystitis
Gallbladder polyps
DMSU 210
,DMSU 210
Gallbladder sludge - Correct Ans-Low-level "sandy" echoes within the gallbladder that
move when the patient changes position but do not exhibit shadowing are consistent
with:
Gallbladder sludge
Gallstones
Gallbladder polyps
All of the above
Adenomyomatosis - Correct Ans-A gallbladder with multiple septate, multiple polyps,
and comet-tail artifact on sonography is consistent with:
Acute cholecystitis
Gangrenous cholecystitis
Adenomyomatosis
Cholelithiasis
gastritis - Correct Ans-A 45-year-old man has epigastric pain of 3 week's duration. A
right upper quadrant ultrasound scan reveals multiple small polypoid lesions that arise
from the gallbladder wall. The remaining ultrasound examination results are
unremarkable. Subsequent investigation of the gastrointestinal tract reveals
gastroenteritis. What is the most likely diagnosis for the finding in the gallbladder?
A) acute cholecystitis
B) cholelithiasis
C) chronic cholecystitis
D) gastritis
All of the above - Correct Ans-A 68-year-old woman has right upper quadrant pain. The
ultrasound examination reveals a distended gallbladder with a wall thickness of 1.8 mm.
The gallbladder contains low-level echoes that layer and are gravity dependent and
multiple small echogenic foci that shadow (Figure 2, A and B). The common bile duct
measures 10 mm and also contains a small echogenic focus (Figure 2, C) in its distal
aspect. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) choledocholithiasis
B) sludge
C) cholelithiasis
D) All of the above
acute cholecystitis - Correct Ans-aA 49-year-old woman is seen at an emergency
department with epigastric pain for 1 day, nausea and vomiting, and an elevated
temperature. The ultrasound examination reveals a thick-walled gallbladder and
evidence of gallstones (Figure 3, A and B). What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) acute cholecystitis
B) adenomyomatosis
C) sludge
D) Caroli's disease
DMSU 210
, DMSU 210
amoebic abscess - Correct Ans-A 36-year-old man is seen with right upper quadrant
pain, diarrhea, and fever. History reveals that the patient recently returned from a 2-
week business trip in South America. An ultrasound examination of the right upper
quadrant reveals a 3 cm mass in the right lobe of the liver that appears to be isoechoic
to the liver, with a surrounding hypoechoic halo. Acoustic enhancement posterior to the
mass is also shown (Figure 4, A and B). What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) cholecystitis
B) amoebic abscess
C) Caroli's disease
D) empyema
polycystic disease of the liver - Correct Ans-A 64-year-old man undergoes an
ultrasound scan for right-sided pain to rule out gallbladder disease. The patient also has
a history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and bilateral nephrectomy.
Ultrasound examination of the right upper quadrant reveals a normal gallbladder and
multiple thin-walled anechoic structures within the liver (Figure 5). These results are
most consistent with what diagnosis?
A) pneumobilia
B) choledochal cyst
C) polycystic disease of the liver
D) cholecystitis
Budd-Chiari syndrome - Correct Ans-Uncommon illness caused by thrombosis of the
hepatic veins or inferior vena cava
A) Budd-Chiari syndrome
B) glycogen storage disease
C) hepatitis
portal vein thrombosis - Correct Ans-Clot in the portal vein with decreased flow in the
portal vein
A) portal hypertension
B) portal vein thrombosis
C) cirrhosis
hepatitis - Correct Ans-Results from infection by a group of viruses that specifically
target the hepatocytes
A) hepatitis
B) steatosis
C) Budd-Chiari syndrome
glycogen storage disease - Correct Ans-An inherited disease characterized by the
abnormal storage of glycogen in the tissues
A) passive liver congestion
B) cirrhosis
C) glycogen storage disease
DMSU 210
DMSU 210 FINAL EXAM PREP (ALL
MODULES) QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS NEWEST
UPDATE 2025
Alkaline phosphatase - Correct Ans-Elevation of which of the following laboratory values
is most associated with biliary obstruction?
Alkaline phosphatase
Amylase
ALT
AST
3 mm - Correct Ans-What is the upper limit of normal gallbladder wall thickness if the
patient is fasting?
3 cm
3 mm
5 cm
5 mm
All of the above - Correct Ans-Multiple patient positions are important when scanning
the gallbladder because:
Gallstones are mobile.
Bowel can move out of the way.
The gallbladder moves when the patient moves.
All of the above
Posterior enhancement - Correct Ans-Which of the following is NOT characteristic of
gallstones?
Echogenic
Mobile
Posterior shadowing
Posterior enhancement
A gallbladder that is completely filled with stones - Correct Ans-The sonographic WES
sign is characteristic of:
A dilated gallbladder with stones
A gallbladder that is completely filled with stones
Acute cholecystitis
Gallbladder polyps
DMSU 210
,DMSU 210
Gallbladder sludge - Correct Ans-Low-level "sandy" echoes within the gallbladder that
move when the patient changes position but do not exhibit shadowing are consistent
with:
Gallbladder sludge
Gallstones
Gallbladder polyps
All of the above
Adenomyomatosis - Correct Ans-A gallbladder with multiple septate, multiple polyps,
and comet-tail artifact on sonography is consistent with:
Acute cholecystitis
Gangrenous cholecystitis
Adenomyomatosis
Cholelithiasis
gastritis - Correct Ans-A 45-year-old man has epigastric pain of 3 week's duration. A
right upper quadrant ultrasound scan reveals multiple small polypoid lesions that arise
from the gallbladder wall. The remaining ultrasound examination results are
unremarkable. Subsequent investigation of the gastrointestinal tract reveals
gastroenteritis. What is the most likely diagnosis for the finding in the gallbladder?
A) acute cholecystitis
B) cholelithiasis
C) chronic cholecystitis
D) gastritis
All of the above - Correct Ans-A 68-year-old woman has right upper quadrant pain. The
ultrasound examination reveals a distended gallbladder with a wall thickness of 1.8 mm.
The gallbladder contains low-level echoes that layer and are gravity dependent and
multiple small echogenic foci that shadow (Figure 2, A and B). The common bile duct
measures 10 mm and also contains a small echogenic focus (Figure 2, C) in its distal
aspect. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) choledocholithiasis
B) sludge
C) cholelithiasis
D) All of the above
acute cholecystitis - Correct Ans-aA 49-year-old woman is seen at an emergency
department with epigastric pain for 1 day, nausea and vomiting, and an elevated
temperature. The ultrasound examination reveals a thick-walled gallbladder and
evidence of gallstones (Figure 3, A and B). What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) acute cholecystitis
B) adenomyomatosis
C) sludge
D) Caroli's disease
DMSU 210
, DMSU 210
amoebic abscess - Correct Ans-A 36-year-old man is seen with right upper quadrant
pain, diarrhea, and fever. History reveals that the patient recently returned from a 2-
week business trip in South America. An ultrasound examination of the right upper
quadrant reveals a 3 cm mass in the right lobe of the liver that appears to be isoechoic
to the liver, with a surrounding hypoechoic halo. Acoustic enhancement posterior to the
mass is also shown (Figure 4, A and B). What is the most likely diagnosis?
A) cholecystitis
B) amoebic abscess
C) Caroli's disease
D) empyema
polycystic disease of the liver - Correct Ans-A 64-year-old man undergoes an
ultrasound scan for right-sided pain to rule out gallbladder disease. The patient also has
a history of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and bilateral nephrectomy.
Ultrasound examination of the right upper quadrant reveals a normal gallbladder and
multiple thin-walled anechoic structures within the liver (Figure 5). These results are
most consistent with what diagnosis?
A) pneumobilia
B) choledochal cyst
C) polycystic disease of the liver
D) cholecystitis
Budd-Chiari syndrome - Correct Ans-Uncommon illness caused by thrombosis of the
hepatic veins or inferior vena cava
A) Budd-Chiari syndrome
B) glycogen storage disease
C) hepatitis
portal vein thrombosis - Correct Ans-Clot in the portal vein with decreased flow in the
portal vein
A) portal hypertension
B) portal vein thrombosis
C) cirrhosis
hepatitis - Correct Ans-Results from infection by a group of viruses that specifically
target the hepatocytes
A) hepatitis
B) steatosis
C) Budd-Chiari syndrome
glycogen storage disease - Correct Ans-An inherited disease characterized by the
abnormal storage of glycogen in the tissues
A) passive liver congestion
B) cirrhosis
C) glycogen storage disease
DMSU 210
