1
NUR 210
NUR 210/ NUR210 Exam 4| Questions &
Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified
Solutions) (2025/ 2026)
1. What is one mechanism of kidney disease?: progressively
damage arteries causing renal artery stenosis which causes increases
in BP
2. What is eclampsia?: high BP; may start to see protein in the
woman's urine after 13 weeks of pregnancy
Eliminate problem by delivering the baby
3. What are the short term effects of high blood pressure?:
majority of clients asymptomatic for weeks months or years
No symptoms does not mean they are not getting damage
4. What are the long term effects of high blood pressure?: MI:
heart attack heart failure kidney disease stroke peripheral artery
disease
NUR 210
, 2
NUR 210
Retinopathy
5. What is the main goal when someone has hypertension?:
want to avoid end organ damage to brain, heart, kidneys because it
leads to long term effects
6. What are symptoms of patients with high blood pressure?:
chest pain, difficulty breathing, fluid in their lungs, cerebrovascular
accident, hypertensive encephalopathy (confusion, headache,
convulsion), elevated blood sugar, hypertensive retinopathy, MI,
hypertensive cardiomyopathy, hypertensive nephropathy
7. What are the objectives of hypertensive therapy?: treat
hypertension to reduce morbidity and mortality without decreasing the
quality of life with the drugs employed
Morbidity: illness or disease
Mortality: death
8. What are the primary determinants of arterial blood pressure?:
arterial pressure = cardiac output x peripheral resistance
NUR 210
, 3
NUR 210
9. What is cardiac output determined by?: heart rate
Contractility
Blood volume
Venous return
10. What is peripheral resistance determined by?: arteriolar
constriction 11. What is cardiac output?: the volume of blood that the
heart pumps in one minute
12. What is the normal range for cardiac output?: 4-8 L per minute
13. Why do we need our cardiac output to be within range?: if not
we will be in some sort of heart failure
Predicts oxygen delivery to our cells
14. How do we calculate cardiac output: CO = HR x SV 24. What
is stroke volume determined by?: the preload the afterload
And contractility
15. What is the most common cause of issues with peripheral
resistance?: atherosclerosis; narrow vessels
NUR 210
, 4
NUR 210
16. What is cardiac index?: CI = cardiac output \ body surface area
normal range: 2.5-4 L
Marker of how well the heart is functioning as a pump by directly
correlating with the volume of blood pumped by the heart with an
individuals body surface area (weight and height)
If you have an obese patient they have a higher cardiac index versus
someone that is a normal healthy weight; decreased pump function
17. What is contractility?: the strength of the cardiac cells to
contract and shorten
EF: ejection fraction reflects contractility; lower the EF the worse the
heart pump is
"how is the squeeze?"
18. What is preload?: the amount that the ventricles stretch at the
end of diastole
EDB: end diastolic volume
"how full is the tank?"
NUR 210
NUR 210
NUR 210/ NUR210 Exam 4| Questions &
Answers| Grade A| 100% Correct (Verified
Solutions) (2025/ 2026)
1. What is one mechanism of kidney disease?: progressively
damage arteries causing renal artery stenosis which causes increases
in BP
2. What is eclampsia?: high BP; may start to see protein in the
woman's urine after 13 weeks of pregnancy
Eliminate problem by delivering the baby
3. What are the short term effects of high blood pressure?:
majority of clients asymptomatic for weeks months or years
No symptoms does not mean they are not getting damage
4. What are the long term effects of high blood pressure?: MI:
heart attack heart failure kidney disease stroke peripheral artery
disease
NUR 210
, 2
NUR 210
Retinopathy
5. What is the main goal when someone has hypertension?:
want to avoid end organ damage to brain, heart, kidneys because it
leads to long term effects
6. What are symptoms of patients with high blood pressure?:
chest pain, difficulty breathing, fluid in their lungs, cerebrovascular
accident, hypertensive encephalopathy (confusion, headache,
convulsion), elevated blood sugar, hypertensive retinopathy, MI,
hypertensive cardiomyopathy, hypertensive nephropathy
7. What are the objectives of hypertensive therapy?: treat
hypertension to reduce morbidity and mortality without decreasing the
quality of life with the drugs employed
Morbidity: illness or disease
Mortality: death
8. What are the primary determinants of arterial blood pressure?:
arterial pressure = cardiac output x peripheral resistance
NUR 210
, 3
NUR 210
9. What is cardiac output determined by?: heart rate
Contractility
Blood volume
Venous return
10. What is peripheral resistance determined by?: arteriolar
constriction 11. What is cardiac output?: the volume of blood that the
heart pumps in one minute
12. What is the normal range for cardiac output?: 4-8 L per minute
13. Why do we need our cardiac output to be within range?: if not
we will be in some sort of heart failure
Predicts oxygen delivery to our cells
14. How do we calculate cardiac output: CO = HR x SV 24. What
is stroke volume determined by?: the preload the afterload
And contractility
15. What is the most common cause of issues with peripheral
resistance?: atherosclerosis; narrow vessels
NUR 210
, 4
NUR 210
16. What is cardiac index?: CI = cardiac output \ body surface area
normal range: 2.5-4 L
Marker of how well the heart is functioning as a pump by directly
correlating with the volume of blood pumped by the heart with an
individuals body surface area (weight and height)
If you have an obese patient they have a higher cardiac index versus
someone that is a normal healthy weight; decreased pump function
17. What is contractility?: the strength of the cardiac cells to
contract and shorten
EF: ejection fraction reflects contractility; lower the EF the worse the
heart pump is
"how is the squeeze?"
18. What is preload?: the amount that the ventricles stretch at the
end of diastole
EDB: end diastolic volume
"how full is the tank?"
NUR 210
