Bio 200 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS!!/GRADE A+ GUARANTEED
SATISFACTION
wobble hypothesis - ANSWER-usually the codon has the same first two bases for the same amino acid, a
tRNA will be able to bind to this codon even if it doesn't have a perfect match (as long as it has the first
two) about 40 tRNAs can translate all 61 codons
***** does NOT explain redundancy in genetic code
release factor - ANSWER-breaks the covalent bond between the last amino acid and the tRNA, and does
not create a peptide bond between this amino acid and the next one in the sequence.
enzyme! catalyzes the hydrolysis of the bond that links the tRNA in the P site to the polypeptide chain,
which frees the polypeptide chain
anti-codon - ANSWER-in tRNA, binds to a codon on an mRNA. 3 base pair sequence.
codon - ANSWER-3 base pair sequence that codes for a specific amino acid. The tRNA that brings that
amino acid has an antio-codon that matches this sequence and binds to it, bringing the amino acid.
ribosome - ANSWER-2 subunits that are bonded by h-bonds and ionic interactions, catalyzes peptide
bond formation. has 3 sites for tRNA (A,P, and E). move from 5' to 3'
made of rRNA and protiens.
large subuint is where peptide bond formation happens
small subuint is what hopds the mRNA
begins translation when tRNA antio codon binds to a codon
, ends translation when a peptide bond forms between the tRNAs amino acid and the growing peptide
chain
A site - ANSWER-tRNA that carries and amino acid enters the ribosome
P site - ANSWER-middle site, tRNA that holds the growing peptide chain
E site - ANSWER-tRNA that is leaving the ribosome and no longer has an amino acid attached to it
ribosomal binding site (RBS) - ANSWER-not exact=weak interaction (if it were too strong the RNA would
be too stuck and unable to move through the ribosome).
pyrimidine rich RNA segment on ribosome that minds to mRNA to start translation
start codon - ANSWER-AUG, establishes the frame for triplet codons. translation always begins with
tRNA carrying the amino acid Met which binds to this start codon. This first tRNA binds before the
ribosome is completely formed.
stop codons - ANSWER-UAG, UAA, UGA
do not code for any amino acid, signal end of translation
Which are more common in the RBS binding part of the mRNA, pyrimidines or purines? - ANSWER-
purines
List two things that release factor does NOT have that the tRNAs do have (or had at some point). -
ANSWER-anticodon and amino acid
amino-acyl tRNA synthetase enzyme - ANSWER-charges tRNA. many different types (at least 20-one fore
each amino acid). substrates= amino acid and tRNA and ATP
What parts of amino-acyl tRNA synthetase enzyme must be different between different members of this
family? - ANSWER-The amino acid R-group binding sites and the anticodon binding sites.The reactions
SOLUTIONS!!/GRADE A+ GUARANTEED
SATISFACTION
wobble hypothesis - ANSWER-usually the codon has the same first two bases for the same amino acid, a
tRNA will be able to bind to this codon even if it doesn't have a perfect match (as long as it has the first
two) about 40 tRNAs can translate all 61 codons
***** does NOT explain redundancy in genetic code
release factor - ANSWER-breaks the covalent bond between the last amino acid and the tRNA, and does
not create a peptide bond between this amino acid and the next one in the sequence.
enzyme! catalyzes the hydrolysis of the bond that links the tRNA in the P site to the polypeptide chain,
which frees the polypeptide chain
anti-codon - ANSWER-in tRNA, binds to a codon on an mRNA. 3 base pair sequence.
codon - ANSWER-3 base pair sequence that codes for a specific amino acid. The tRNA that brings that
amino acid has an antio-codon that matches this sequence and binds to it, bringing the amino acid.
ribosome - ANSWER-2 subunits that are bonded by h-bonds and ionic interactions, catalyzes peptide
bond formation. has 3 sites for tRNA (A,P, and E). move from 5' to 3'
made of rRNA and protiens.
large subuint is where peptide bond formation happens
small subuint is what hopds the mRNA
begins translation when tRNA antio codon binds to a codon
, ends translation when a peptide bond forms between the tRNAs amino acid and the growing peptide
chain
A site - ANSWER-tRNA that carries and amino acid enters the ribosome
P site - ANSWER-middle site, tRNA that holds the growing peptide chain
E site - ANSWER-tRNA that is leaving the ribosome and no longer has an amino acid attached to it
ribosomal binding site (RBS) - ANSWER-not exact=weak interaction (if it were too strong the RNA would
be too stuck and unable to move through the ribosome).
pyrimidine rich RNA segment on ribosome that minds to mRNA to start translation
start codon - ANSWER-AUG, establishes the frame for triplet codons. translation always begins with
tRNA carrying the amino acid Met which binds to this start codon. This first tRNA binds before the
ribosome is completely formed.
stop codons - ANSWER-UAG, UAA, UGA
do not code for any amino acid, signal end of translation
Which are more common in the RBS binding part of the mRNA, pyrimidines or purines? - ANSWER-
purines
List two things that release factor does NOT have that the tRNAs do have (or had at some point). -
ANSWER-anticodon and amino acid
amino-acyl tRNA synthetase enzyme - ANSWER-charges tRNA. many different types (at least 20-one fore
each amino acid). substrates= amino acid and tRNA and ATP
What parts of amino-acyl tRNA synthetase enzyme must be different between different members of this
family? - ANSWER-The amino acid R-group binding sites and the anticodon binding sites.The reactions
