VPHY Exam 1 questions with verified
answers graded A+
2 divisions of the nervous system - correct answer ✔✔CNS- brain and spinal cord
and
PNS- cranial nerves and spinal nerves
Two types of cells in the nervous system - correct answer ✔✔neurons and glial
cells (supporting cells)
Neurons - correct answer ✔✔basic functional unit of nervous system, responds to
physical and chemical stimuli, electrochemical responses, cannot divide by
mitosis, Regenerates and sprouts
Supporting cells (Glial) - correct answer ✔✔aid function of neurons, 5 times more
abundant than neurons, called neuroglia in groups, divides by mitosis
parts of neurons - correct answer ✔✔1. Dendrites - like a reception antenna,
more created by mental and physical stimulation
2. Soma (cell body)
3. Axon - speed aided by width and white matter (myelin sheath), nodes of ranvier
are necessary notches to allow movement of Na and K
4. Terminal nerves
,Cell body (soma) - correct answer ✔✔contains nucleus and is nutritional center
where macromolecules are made
cell bodies clustered in CNS - correct answer ✔✔nuclei
cell bodies clustered in PNS - correct answer ✔✔ganglia
processes - correct answer ✔✔dendrites and axons
origin of axon - correct answer ✔✔axon hillock
axonal transport - correct answer ✔✔The transportation of materials from the
neuronal cell body to distant regions in the dendrites and axons, and from the
axon terminals back to the cell body.
energy dependent
1 fast component (move vesicles) and 2 slow components ( move microfilaments
and microtubules and move proteins)
sensory neurons (afferent) - correct answer ✔✔neurons that carry incoming
information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord.
Pseudounipolar structure (anatomically dendrites toward axons but structurally
just one long axon)
, Somatic motor neuron (efferent) - correct answer ✔✔Neuron that stimulates
contraction of skeletal muscles (voluntary muscles)
travels from CNS to PNS (skeletal muscles)
autonomic motor neurons (efferent) - correct answer ✔✔innervate involuntary
targets such as smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands.
Cell bodies for these are located outside of the CNS (Autonomic ganglion)
nerve - correct answer ✔✔bundle of axons in PNS, innervates a particular region
of the body, Most are mixed nerves ( sensory and motor)
Some cranial nerves have ________ neurons only (sight, hearing, and taste) -
correct answer ✔✔sensory
tract - correct answer ✔✔bundle of axons in the CNS
ganglion - correct answer ✔✔bundle of neuron cell bodies in PNS
Nucleus - correct answer ✔✔bundle of cell bodies in CNS
Neuroglia in PNS and their functions - correct answer ✔✔1. Schwann cells- form
myelin sheath
answers graded A+
2 divisions of the nervous system - correct answer ✔✔CNS- brain and spinal cord
and
PNS- cranial nerves and spinal nerves
Two types of cells in the nervous system - correct answer ✔✔neurons and glial
cells (supporting cells)
Neurons - correct answer ✔✔basic functional unit of nervous system, responds to
physical and chemical stimuli, electrochemical responses, cannot divide by
mitosis, Regenerates and sprouts
Supporting cells (Glial) - correct answer ✔✔aid function of neurons, 5 times more
abundant than neurons, called neuroglia in groups, divides by mitosis
parts of neurons - correct answer ✔✔1. Dendrites - like a reception antenna,
more created by mental and physical stimulation
2. Soma (cell body)
3. Axon - speed aided by width and white matter (myelin sheath), nodes of ranvier
are necessary notches to allow movement of Na and K
4. Terminal nerves
,Cell body (soma) - correct answer ✔✔contains nucleus and is nutritional center
where macromolecules are made
cell bodies clustered in CNS - correct answer ✔✔nuclei
cell bodies clustered in PNS - correct answer ✔✔ganglia
processes - correct answer ✔✔dendrites and axons
origin of axon - correct answer ✔✔axon hillock
axonal transport - correct answer ✔✔The transportation of materials from the
neuronal cell body to distant regions in the dendrites and axons, and from the
axon terminals back to the cell body.
energy dependent
1 fast component (move vesicles) and 2 slow components ( move microfilaments
and microtubules and move proteins)
sensory neurons (afferent) - correct answer ✔✔neurons that carry incoming
information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord.
Pseudounipolar structure (anatomically dendrites toward axons but structurally
just one long axon)
, Somatic motor neuron (efferent) - correct answer ✔✔Neuron that stimulates
contraction of skeletal muscles (voluntary muscles)
travels from CNS to PNS (skeletal muscles)
autonomic motor neurons (efferent) - correct answer ✔✔innervate involuntary
targets such as smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands.
Cell bodies for these are located outside of the CNS (Autonomic ganglion)
nerve - correct answer ✔✔bundle of axons in PNS, innervates a particular region
of the body, Most are mixed nerves ( sensory and motor)
Some cranial nerves have ________ neurons only (sight, hearing, and taste) -
correct answer ✔✔sensory
tract - correct answer ✔✔bundle of axons in the CNS
ganglion - correct answer ✔✔bundle of neuron cell bodies in PNS
Nucleus - correct answer ✔✔bundle of cell bodies in CNS
Neuroglia in PNS and their functions - correct answer ✔✔1. Schwann cells- form
myelin sheath
