NURS 205 midterm 2025
What is medical-surgical nursing - answer Care of the acutely ill
Looking after diverse patient populations
Work in diverse practical settings
(Hospital, Primary care, Communities)
Diverse scope of practice
Medical surgical - Bridges the gap between medical and surgical conditions
Diabetes=medical condition
Surgery=surgical condition
What is critical thinking - answer High level thinking and reasoning skills
Attending to salient information and responding appropriately (Discovering what is truly
important)
Clinical reasoning and clinical judgement are synonyms
What is evidenced-informed practice - answer Conscious use of evidence to deliver the
best-informed decision
Dependent on the client's values
Where are Clinical practice guidelines made - answerMade from regulatory bodies
(RNAO, CNO) or specialized organizations (Canadian Cancer Society)
What is a clinical practice guideline - answerSynthesis of nursing research
Minimum of 5 years ago and gives a starting place for care but must still be
individualized
What is a consensus recommendation - answerGroup of experts choose what is the
most appropriate decision based off of no prior research
*good areas to develop research
What is a collaborative care plan - answerGroups of experts in the hospital come from
different areas and come up with a plan of care
What is the nursing process - answerADPIE - Assessment, diagnosis, planning
outcomes, planning interventions, implementation, and evaluation
Way of thinking for nurses (similar to scientific method)
,Used to identify, prevent, and treat health problems
What is assessment in ADPIE - answerGathering of both objective and subjective data
Obtained through interview, observation, and a physical examination
What is diagnosis in ADPIE - answerWhat is contributing to the presenting health status
"nursing diagnosis"
What is a nursing diagnosis - answerPrecise statement about current health status and
contributing factors
Problem-etiology-signs & symptoms format
(problem -related to- etiology(probable cause) -as evidenced by- signs and symptoms)
Helps determine which diagnosis will respond to nursing care and which must be
referred to another HCP
What is planning outcomes in ADPIE - answerSetting SMART short- and long- term
goals
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Timely
What is planning interventions in ADPIE - answerIndependent (nurse capable) and
dependent (HCP/medication) interventions
Interventions should be feasible and based on best evidence
What is implementation in ADPIE - answerDoing, delegating, and documenting
What is evaluation in ADPIE - answerEvaluating the short- and long therm interventions
Evaluation data becomes new assessment data in the ADPIE cycle
What is the importance of the nursing process - answerPromotes collaboration
Is cost efficient
Helps people understand what nurses do
Is required by professional standards of practice
Increases client participation in care and promotes client autonomy
Promotes individualized care
Promotes efficiency
,Promotes continuity and coordination of care (Next HCP will be able to easily follow
along and continue care)
Increases job satisfaction
What is nursing theory - answerNursing is an art and science with its own evolving
scientific body of knowledge
Holistic
Involves caring
Occurs in a variety of settings
Concerned with health promotion, disease prevention, and care during illness
What are the differences between medicine and nursing - answerMedicine
-Diagnose and treat illness
-Cure
-Physiological, biological, physical
-Treat about treatments
Nursing
-Diagnose, treat, and address human response
-Care
-Holistic and psychosocial, cultural spiritual
- Teach self-care and well activities
What are human responses - answerReactions to events or stresses as disease, injury,
or life changes
4 groups of reactions - biological, psychological, social, spiritual
What are nursing care plans - answerDocument the ADPIE process
What is nursing an illness vs nursing in wellness - answerNursing an illness
-Support people who are ill and help to solve or reduce health problems
-Help persons who are ill to accept and adapt to untreatable problems
-Help terminally ill to achieve a peaceful death
Nursing in wellness
-help people to optimize their health and to prevent illness
What are the 2 types of charting - answerCharting by inclusion (narrative)
-everything is recorded in a chronological order
Charting by exception (focused
- Completed when assessments, interventions or outcomes vary from established
norms or standards of care
-DARP, SOAP, SOAPIER
, What is DARP - answerData
Analysis and action
Response
Plan
What is SOAP charting - answerSubjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan
What is SOAPIER charting - answerSubjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan
Implementation
Evaluation
Revision
What is clinical reasoning - answerCollecting cues (physiologic or psychosocial
changes)
Weighing evidence
Using intuition
Recognizing patterns
Selecting from alternatives
Nurses must be able to use clinical reasoning to identify and prioritize patients in need
of
What is clinical reasoning during immediate care - answerConsult with senior nurses
Call the RACE team
Call the physician
Clinical instructor
Co-assigned nurse
Communication
S- situation (what is going on now)
B- background (what has happened)
A- assessment (what do we think is wrong)
R- recommendations (what would be suggest happen)
What is homeostasis - answer-State of equilibrium in the body
-Naturally maintained by adaptive responses
-Body fluids and electrolytes are maintained within narrow limits
-Many diseases and their treatments have the ability to affect fluid and electrolyte
balance
What is medical-surgical nursing - answer Care of the acutely ill
Looking after diverse patient populations
Work in diverse practical settings
(Hospital, Primary care, Communities)
Diverse scope of practice
Medical surgical - Bridges the gap between medical and surgical conditions
Diabetes=medical condition
Surgery=surgical condition
What is critical thinking - answer High level thinking and reasoning skills
Attending to salient information and responding appropriately (Discovering what is truly
important)
Clinical reasoning and clinical judgement are synonyms
What is evidenced-informed practice - answer Conscious use of evidence to deliver the
best-informed decision
Dependent on the client's values
Where are Clinical practice guidelines made - answerMade from regulatory bodies
(RNAO, CNO) or specialized organizations (Canadian Cancer Society)
What is a clinical practice guideline - answerSynthesis of nursing research
Minimum of 5 years ago and gives a starting place for care but must still be
individualized
What is a consensus recommendation - answerGroup of experts choose what is the
most appropriate decision based off of no prior research
*good areas to develop research
What is a collaborative care plan - answerGroups of experts in the hospital come from
different areas and come up with a plan of care
What is the nursing process - answerADPIE - Assessment, diagnosis, planning
outcomes, planning interventions, implementation, and evaluation
Way of thinking for nurses (similar to scientific method)
,Used to identify, prevent, and treat health problems
What is assessment in ADPIE - answerGathering of both objective and subjective data
Obtained through interview, observation, and a physical examination
What is diagnosis in ADPIE - answerWhat is contributing to the presenting health status
"nursing diagnosis"
What is a nursing diagnosis - answerPrecise statement about current health status and
contributing factors
Problem-etiology-signs & symptoms format
(problem -related to- etiology(probable cause) -as evidenced by- signs and symptoms)
Helps determine which diagnosis will respond to nursing care and which must be
referred to another HCP
What is planning outcomes in ADPIE - answerSetting SMART short- and long- term
goals
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Timely
What is planning interventions in ADPIE - answerIndependent (nurse capable) and
dependent (HCP/medication) interventions
Interventions should be feasible and based on best evidence
What is implementation in ADPIE - answerDoing, delegating, and documenting
What is evaluation in ADPIE - answerEvaluating the short- and long therm interventions
Evaluation data becomes new assessment data in the ADPIE cycle
What is the importance of the nursing process - answerPromotes collaboration
Is cost efficient
Helps people understand what nurses do
Is required by professional standards of practice
Increases client participation in care and promotes client autonomy
Promotes individualized care
Promotes efficiency
,Promotes continuity and coordination of care (Next HCP will be able to easily follow
along and continue care)
Increases job satisfaction
What is nursing theory - answerNursing is an art and science with its own evolving
scientific body of knowledge
Holistic
Involves caring
Occurs in a variety of settings
Concerned with health promotion, disease prevention, and care during illness
What are the differences between medicine and nursing - answerMedicine
-Diagnose and treat illness
-Cure
-Physiological, biological, physical
-Treat about treatments
Nursing
-Diagnose, treat, and address human response
-Care
-Holistic and psychosocial, cultural spiritual
- Teach self-care and well activities
What are human responses - answerReactions to events or stresses as disease, injury,
or life changes
4 groups of reactions - biological, psychological, social, spiritual
What are nursing care plans - answerDocument the ADPIE process
What is nursing an illness vs nursing in wellness - answerNursing an illness
-Support people who are ill and help to solve or reduce health problems
-Help persons who are ill to accept and adapt to untreatable problems
-Help terminally ill to achieve a peaceful death
Nursing in wellness
-help people to optimize their health and to prevent illness
What are the 2 types of charting - answerCharting by inclusion (narrative)
-everything is recorded in a chronological order
Charting by exception (focused
- Completed when assessments, interventions or outcomes vary from established
norms or standards of care
-DARP, SOAP, SOAPIER
, What is DARP - answerData
Analysis and action
Response
Plan
What is SOAP charting - answerSubjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan
What is SOAPIER charting - answerSubjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan
Implementation
Evaluation
Revision
What is clinical reasoning - answerCollecting cues (physiologic or psychosocial
changes)
Weighing evidence
Using intuition
Recognizing patterns
Selecting from alternatives
Nurses must be able to use clinical reasoning to identify and prioritize patients in need
of
What is clinical reasoning during immediate care - answerConsult with senior nurses
Call the RACE team
Call the physician
Clinical instructor
Co-assigned nurse
Communication
S- situation (what is going on now)
B- background (what has happened)
A- assessment (what do we think is wrong)
R- recommendations (what would be suggest happen)
What is homeostasis - answer-State of equilibrium in the body
-Naturally maintained by adaptive responses
-Body fluids and electrolytes are maintained within narrow limits
-Many diseases and their treatments have the ability to affect fluid and electrolyte
balance
