DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS MIDTERM
TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
100%VERIFIED ANSWERS
What are the different architectures in D.S - ✔✔- Components and connectors
- Layered Architecture
- Object Oriented Architecture
- Data centered architectures
- Event-based Architectures
Layered Architectures - ✔✔- the OSI reference model
- the TCP/IP model
Object Based Architecture - ✔✔Similar to OOP
Shared Data Architecture - ✔✔social media apps
Event Based Architecture - ✔✔Components communicate by using events that can carry data.
Types of System Architectures - ✔✔- Centralized Architectures
- Decentralized Architectures
- Hybrid Architectures
Centralized Architectures - ✔✔- Client - Server model
, Decentralized Architectures - ✔✔P-2-P (Napster, BitTorrent)
Drawbacks of multi-processing - ✔✔- Process creation (process control block) is costly.
Must create address space & allocate OS resources
- Inter Process Communication is costly. Needs kernel interrupt, context switching
What is Context Switching? - ✔✔When the OS removes a process from CPU to put a
new process on there. (Costly)
What are threads? - ✔✔A Sequential execution stream within a process that is much faster
to perform context switching on at the expense of limited resources.
How are threads used in D.S - ✔✔HTML Browser, Multithreaded servers (dispatcher
& worker)
Describe a MultiThreaded server - ✔✔Client sends a request to a server, server gets the
request and deploys a "worker" node to deal with the request on a separate thread
Design issues in Servers? - ✔✔- Organization: Concurrent vs Iterative
- Binding: Fixed endpoint vs Binding using Daemon vs using super server
- Stateless vs Stateful server
Stateless vs Stateful Servers - ✔✔Stateless: Does not contain info about client
Stateful: Contains information about client
Intermediaries of Stateless vs Stateful? - ✔✔Softstate: maintains state for a specific amount
of time
SessionState: maintains state for the duration of the session
TEST REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
100%VERIFIED ANSWERS
What are the different architectures in D.S - ✔✔- Components and connectors
- Layered Architecture
- Object Oriented Architecture
- Data centered architectures
- Event-based Architectures
Layered Architectures - ✔✔- the OSI reference model
- the TCP/IP model
Object Based Architecture - ✔✔Similar to OOP
Shared Data Architecture - ✔✔social media apps
Event Based Architecture - ✔✔Components communicate by using events that can carry data.
Types of System Architectures - ✔✔- Centralized Architectures
- Decentralized Architectures
- Hybrid Architectures
Centralized Architectures - ✔✔- Client - Server model
, Decentralized Architectures - ✔✔P-2-P (Napster, BitTorrent)
Drawbacks of multi-processing - ✔✔- Process creation (process control block) is costly.
Must create address space & allocate OS resources
- Inter Process Communication is costly. Needs kernel interrupt, context switching
What is Context Switching? - ✔✔When the OS removes a process from CPU to put a
new process on there. (Costly)
What are threads? - ✔✔A Sequential execution stream within a process that is much faster
to perform context switching on at the expense of limited resources.
How are threads used in D.S - ✔✔HTML Browser, Multithreaded servers (dispatcher
& worker)
Describe a MultiThreaded server - ✔✔Client sends a request to a server, server gets the
request and deploys a "worker" node to deal with the request on a separate thread
Design issues in Servers? - ✔✔- Organization: Concurrent vs Iterative
- Binding: Fixed endpoint vs Binding using Daemon vs using super server
- Stateless vs Stateful server
Stateless vs Stateful Servers - ✔✔Stateless: Does not contain info about client
Stateful: Contains information about client
Intermediaries of Stateless vs Stateful? - ✔✔Softstate: maintains state for a specific amount
of time
SessionState: maintains state for the duration of the session
